scholarly journals The Verbal Operant: Cause and/or Effect

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Salzinger
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Operant

Verbal operant conditioning of hospitalized psychiatric patients.

1969 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Drennen ◽  
William Gallman ◽  
Gene Sausser
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Verbal Operant

Sex Differences in Verbal Operant Conditioning

1964 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor J. Cieutat
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Negative Reinforcement ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Design Modification ◽  
Personality Differences ◽  
Small Group Discussions ◽  
Verbal Operant ◽  
Conditioning Extinction

Two studies concerned effects of sex of Ss, sex of E, positive vs negative reinforcement (i.e., attention vs inattention), and time trends, on the conditioning and extinction of participation in structured and unstructured small group discussions. Previous results indicated reinforcement is effective only when administered by an E of the same sex as Ss. Present results did not support this expectation and also were not consistent with each other. Exp. I was partly consistent with expectation only when E was male; no conditioning was obtained by female Es. For Exp. II only the female E produced conditioning. Extinction effects in both experiments were inconsistent with expectation. In an earlier study (Cieutat, 1962) and in both Exps. I and II the same four factors were evaluated with some design modification, and were found to interact complexly and significantly ( p < .01, < .10, < .10, respectively). These interactions between sex of E, sex of Ss, reinforcement, and time, though significant in three independent evaluations, were so because of different trends in each case. These differences are discussed in terms of uncontrolled personality differences between Es and Ss.

Relationships of Awareness to Verbal Learning Efficiency and Meaning Change

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 875-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. William Miller
Keyword(s):  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Response Frequency ◽  
Learning Efficiency ◽  
Meaning Change ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Verbal Operant

The general relationship of awareness to learning efficiency was investigated in a 2 × 2 factorial design with 20 Ss in each of four groups. Classical conditioning of meaning and verbal operant conditioning procedures were studied under two sets of instructions: one stated vague experimental purposes and the other, exact purposes. Ss' awareness of experimental procedures and purposes was measured Results indicated that with both classical and operant conditioning change in meaning occurred without awareness by Ss. A classical conditioning explanation of change in meaning was supported, but an operant conditioning explanation of change in terms of response frequency was not strengthened.

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