Electrical Conductivity of Fused Sodium Chloride-Calcium Chloride Mixtures

JOM ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1449-1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph B. Story ◽  
John T. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Calcium Chloride

The Influence of Agglomerators on Powdering of Chloroprene Rubber PCR-244

2015 ◽  
Vol 1119 ◽  
pp. 334-337
Author(s):  
Xu Ling Wei ◽  
Yu Li Wei ◽  
Guang Bi Gong ◽  
Tao Liang ◽  
Wen Jing Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Adhesive Material ◽  
Monovalent Salt ◽  
Chloroprene Rubber ◽  
Direct Condensation

Powdered polychloroprene rubber (PCR-244) was prepared by the direct condensation, and the influence of agglomerator kinds and dosages on powdering of PCR-244 were investigated, including trivalent salt (aluminum chloride), divalent salt (magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride) and monovalent salt (sodium chloride, potassium chloride). The result showed that powder chloroprene rubber could be used as adhesive material that calcium chloride was used as agglomerator.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF TRANSPORT PARAMETERS FOR SOLUTES IN SALT-TREATED SOIL COLUMNS

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahia & Naser
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Peclet Number ◽  
Dispersion Coefficient ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Retardation Factor ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Péclet Number ◽  
Mixed Salts ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

A laboratory experiment was carried out at the Department of Soil Sciences and Water Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad. Silty clay soil was treated with three salt solutions (NaCl, CaCl2 and mixed NaCl–CaCl2). Homogeneously packed soil columns (10 cm, 40 cm) were leached six times using tap water. Effluent samples were collected to determine ion concentration Cl-, Ca++, Na+, K+ and Mg++. Breakthrough curves were used to estimate solute transport parameters (retardation factor, peclet number) using an analytical solution of convection-dispersion equation (CDE) by CXTFIT program. The results showed that relative concentration of chloride was increased rapidly with calcium chloride, which increased sodium leaching rate at starting of breakthrough curve. Sodium chloride increased water requirements for calcium displacement. Results indicated a good fitting of convection-dispersion equation with breakthrough curves data. The best-fit were used to calculate peclet number, retardation factor and dispersion coefficient. When soil was treated with calcium chloride, Peclet number of chloride was increased from 3.13 to 6.48, while it has been decreased for calcium, sodium and potassium. Sodium chloride decreased peclet numbers of chloride, calcium and sodium. Also mixed salts increased sodium peclet number from 1.01 to 9.02. Results showed, calcium chloride decreased retardation factor of chloride from 1.59 to 0.50, while it has been increased from 1.39, 1.58 to 175.00, 493.36 for each of sodium and potassium, respectively. Retardation factor of calcium was decreased when soil was treated with sodium chloride or mixed salts. Dispersion coefficient was decreased for chloride, and increased for calcium and magnesium. When soil was treated with calcium chloride, dispersion coefficients have been increased from 24.29, 25.56 to 40.51, 40.89 cm2hr-1 for sodium and potassium, respectively.

Understanding Microdroplet Formations for Biomedical Applications

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salil Desai ◽  
Anthony Moore ◽  
Benjamin Harrison ◽  
Jagannathan Sankar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Tissue Scaffolds ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Drop On Demand

This paper focuses on understanding microdroplet formation of sodium alginate biopolymer at various concentrations utilizing drop-on-demand inkjet technology. We investigate the effect of sodium chloride on the rheology of sodium alginate and derive a correlation between the size of the droplet versus the size of the microcapsules formed. Varying sizes of microcapsules are formed based on different concentrations of calcium chloride solvent. This understanding will give insight for fabricating drug delivery capsules and tissue scaffolds that are subject to extreme ambient conditions when interfaced with in-vivo environments.

scholarly journals Industrial Strategies to Reduce Acrylamide Formation in Californian-Style Green Ripe Olives

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Martín-Vertedor ◽  
Antonio Fernández ◽  
Marta Mesías ◽  
Manuel Martínez ◽  
María Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Critical Points ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Toxic Compound ◽  
Acrylamide Formation ◽  
Table Olive ◽  
Olive Industry ◽  
Green Stage

Acrylamide, a compound identified as a probable carcinogen, is generated during the sterilization phase employed during the processing of Californian-style green ripe olives. It is possible to reduce the content of this toxic compound by applying different strategies during the processing of green ripe olives. The influence of different processing conditions on acrylamide content was studied in three olives varieties (“Manzanilla de Sevilla”, “Hojiblanca”, and “Manzanilla Cacereña”). Olives harvested during the yellow–green stage presented higher acrylamide concentrations than green olives. A significant reduction in acrylamide content was observed when olives were washed with water at 25 °C for 45 min (25% reduction) and for 2 h (45% reduction) prior to lye treatment. Stone olives had 21–26% higher acrylamide levels than pitted olives and 42–50% higher levels than sliced olives in the three studied varieties. When calcium chloride (CaCl2) was added to the brine and brine sodium chloride (NaCl) increased from 2% to 4%, olives presented higher concentrations of this contaminant. The addition of additives did not affect acrylamide levels when olives were canned without brine. Results from this study are very useful for the table olive industry to identify critical points in the production of Californian-style green ripe olives, thus, helping to control acrylamide formation in this foodstuff.

Studies on recycling spent compost for mushroom cultivation

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 857 ◽  
Author(s):  
NG Nair
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Mushroom Cultivation ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Mushroom Production ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Casing Layer

Natural weathering of spent compost for 2 years resulted in a lowering of electrical conductivity which enabled it to be used as a casing material in mushroom cultivation. Spent compost and peat moss had different optima of electrical conductivity values for normal mushroom production. Relatively high levels of soluble salts such as calcium nitrate and calcium chloride reduced the yield of mushrooms. The addition of rice hulls and peat moss to spent compost overcame the effect of sealing caused by watering. These amendments improved aeration of the casing layer and increased the number of pseudomonads. Pasteurized, spent compost, aged for 2 years, at a moisture level of 65% saturation, was shown to be a suitable casing material for obtaining relatively good yields of mushrooms. It is suggested that this material may find an application in commercial cultivation of mushrooms.

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