The continuous infusion of acylated ghrelin enhances growth hormone secretion and worsens glucose metabolism in humans

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 788-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Broglio ◽  
F. Prodam ◽  
F. Riganti ◽  
C. Gottero ◽  
S. Destefanis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Continuous Infusion ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Acylated Ghrelin

Effect of Testosterone on Growth Hormone Secretion in Female Rats during a Continuous Infusion of Growth Hormone Releasing Factor

1988 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeo Akira ◽  
Ichiji Wakabayashi ◽  
Hitoshi Sugihara ◽  
Shiro Minami ◽  
Fumie Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Continuous Infusion ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Growth Hormone Releasing Factor

scholarly journals Acylated ghrelin concentrations are markedly decreased during pregnancy in mothers with and without gestational diabetes: relationship with cholinesterase

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (5) ◽  
pp. E1093-E1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Tham ◽  
Jianhua Liu ◽  
Sheila Innis ◽  
David Thompson ◽  
Bruce D. Gaylinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Acylated Ghrelin ◽  
Desacyl Ghrelin

Acylated (octanoylated) ghrelin stimulates food intake and growth hormone secretion and is deacylated into desacyl ghrelin by butyrylcholinesterase. Acylated and desacyl ghrelin both promote adipogenesis. Ghrelin concentrations decrease with hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinism. We hypothesized that 1) acylated ghrelin increases during pregnancy, contributing positively to energy balance, but is lower in women with gestational diabetes and 2) butyrylcholinesterase activity is inversely correlated with acylated ghrelin concentrations. In a first group of subjects, using two-site sandwich ghrelin assays that specifically detect full-length forms, we investigated women with and without gestational diabetes ( n = 14/group) during pregnancy and after delivery. We examined whether changes in ghrelin during a test meal were correlated with changes in pituitary growth hormone [assessed through calculation of the area under the curve (AUC) during the test meal]. In postpartum subjects, the percent of total ghrelin that is acylated was four to five times higher than previously observed using single antibody assays. During pregnancy, acylated ghrelin concentrations (mean ± SE) were lower compared with the postpartum period throughout the meal (AUC 1.2 ± 0.2 vs. 10.2 ± 1.9 ng·ml−1·90 min−1, P < 0.001). In the postpartum, acylated ghrelin and growth hormone were positively correlated ( r = 0.50, P = 0.007). Desacyl (but not acylated) ghrelin was increased in subjects with gestational diabetes during and after pregnancy (AUC 15.4 ± 1.9 vs. 8.6 ± 1.2 ng·ml−1·90 min−1, P = 0.005). In a second group of subjects ( n = 13), acylated ghrelin was similarly suppressed during pregnancy. Circulating octanoate concentrations (3.1 ± 0.5 vs. 4.5 ± 0.6 μg/ml, P = 0.029) and cholinesterase activity (705 ± 33 vs. 1,013 ± 56 U/ml, P < 0.001) were lower during pregnancy compared with the postpartum period. In conclusion, acylated ghrelin markedly decreases during pregnancy, likely because of a decrease in the acylation process. Desacyl ghrelin increases in gestational diabetes, possibly reflecting resistance to the inhibitory effect of insulin on ghrelin secretion.

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