Effect of pubertal development and physical activity on plasma ghrelin concentration in boys

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jürimäe ◽  
A. Cicchella ◽  
V. Tillmann ◽  
E. Lätt ◽  
K. Haljaste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Ghrelin Concentration ◽  
Plasma Ghrelin Concentration

Regular Physical Activity Influences Plasma Ghrelin Concentration in Adolescent Girls

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1736-1741 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAAK JÜRIMÄE ◽  
ANTONIO CICCHELLA ◽  
TOIVO JÜRIMÄE ◽  
EVELIN LÄTT ◽  
KAJA HALJASTE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Ghrelin Concentration ◽  
Plasma Ghrelin Concentration

Maturation and Exercise Training in Children

1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Ann Plowman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Delayed Menarche

This paper describes the effects of exercise training on the somatic, skeletal, and sexual maturation of children. Young athletes of both sexes grow at the same rate and to the same extent as young nonathletes. However, there is evidence that the pubertal development of young female athletes may be delayed. Menarche is more consistently late than either thelarche or pubarche. Genetic and environmental factors are explored in an attempt to determine causative mechanisms. Longitudinal training data are needed for both boys and girls on a variety of physical and hormonal variables. Until such data are available, it is recommended that all children engage in regular physical activity but that maturational progress be monitored in those involved in strenuous competitive training.

scholarly journals Age at menarche in urban school-going girls: association between socio-economic status, BMI and physical activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 666
Author(s):  
Amrita Behel ◽  
Leena Raje
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Background: Menarche, one of the most reliable markers of pubertal maturity, is a result of a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Since accelerated pubertal development is an important determinant of prognostic disease risk, especially in developing countries, attention must be focused on this important public health aspect.  Methods: Total 200 school-going girls aged between 10-15 years studying in municipal, public-funded and private schools in Mumbai were included in the study based on the inclusion criteria of having attained menarche only in the last three months. Sociodemographic and anthropometric details were collected using a structured schedule and physical activity data was collected using the physical activity questionnaire for older children and adolescents.Results: Socioeconomic status and family size were found to significantly influence the age of onset of menarche (p<0.001). Anthropometric indices of height, weight and BMI were found to have significant negative correlations indicating that taller, heavier girls reached menarche earlier than their shorter and lighter peers (p<0.000). Level of physical activity was also found to be an important contributing factor to age at menarche such that a higher level of physical activity was observed in girls with higher mean menarcheal age (p<0.000).  Conclusions: Age at menarche was found to be influenced by factors such as socioeconomic status, BMI and physical activity.   

The effect of interval versus continuous exercise on plasma leptin and ghrelin concentration in young trotters

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kowalik ◽  
W. Kędzierski
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid Concentration ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Ghrelin Concentration ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Interval Type ◽  
Plasma Leptin ◽  
Plasma Ghrelin Concentration

The effect of interval versus continuous exercise on plasma leptin and ghrelin concentration in young trottersThe effect of interval vs. continuous exercise on plasma leptin and ghrelin concentration in young Standardbred horses was studied. The experiment was conducted on 27 trotters, in the age between 2 and 3 years. They were divided into two groups according to the type of exercise. Blood samples were collected through jugular venipuncture in the following experimental conditions: at rest, immediately after exercise and 30 minutes after the end of the effort. Plasma leptin and ghrelin concentrations were determined using RIA tests. The continuous exercise induced an increase in plasma leptin concentration whereas the interval type of exercise did not influence the level of this hormone (3.47 ± 0.78 vs. 4.07 ± 0.94 and 2.31 ± 0.15 vs. 2.36 ± 0.21 ng/mL, respectively). The plasma ghrelin concentration measured after the continuous exercise, significantly increased (720 ± 27.4 vs. 814 ± 13.8; p ≤ 0.05) whereas concentration of this hormone assessed after the interval exercise, significantly dropped (982 ± 56.5 vs. 842 ± 35.6 pg/mL; p ≤ 0.05). The changes in plasma ghrelin concentration measured after the end of the effort correlated inversely with blood lactic acid concentration. In conclusion, the obtained results showed that medium-intensive type of exercise, such as trot, interval or continuous, slightly affected plasma leptin level but significantly affected plasma ghrelin concentration in young Standardbred trotters.

scholarly journals Effect of Sugar versus Mixed Breakfast on Metabolic and Neurofunctional Responses in Healthy Individuals

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Codella ◽  
Stefano Benedini ◽  
Stefano Paini ◽  
Andrea Caumo ◽  
Michela Adamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Ghrelin Concentration ◽  
Insulinemic Response ◽  
Plasma Ghrelin Concentration

We investigated the effects of glucose and diverse breakfasts on glucose increment and ghrelin suppression and cognitive processing of sensory information assessed by frontal P300 evoked potentials. In a randomized crossover design, 12 healthy individuals (6M/6F; BMI 22.2 ± 0.4 kg/m2; 27 ± 1.3 years, mean ± SEM) underwent 50 g OGTT (A) and 3 breakfasts (B1: milk and cereals; B2: milk, apple, and chocolate cream-filled sponge cake; B3: milk, apple, bread, and hazelnut chocolate cream) to assess plasma glucose-, insulin-, and ghrelin excursions. An electroencephalography was performed before and 100 min after consumption of each load to measure the latency of frontal P300 evoked potentials as index of cognitive performance. Breakfasts B1 and B2 exhibited significantly lower glycemic and insulinemic responses as compared to A. Breakfast B3 exhibited significantly lower glycemic, but not insulinemic response, as compared to A. Final plasma ghrelin inhibition was more pronounced, albeit not significantly, in all breakfasts with respect to A. P300 latency tended to decrease following each of the three breakfasts, but B3 was the only breakfast capable to elicit a statistically significant reduction in P300 latency with respect to A (p<0.01), suggesting ameliorated cognitive performance. Such amelioration was correlated with the 2-hour final inhibition of plasma ghrelin concentration (r=0.61,p=0.01).

Pubertal development, physical self-perception, and motivation toward physical activity in girls

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Labbrozzi ◽  
Claudio Robazza ◽  
Maurizio Bertollo ◽  
Ines Bucci ◽  
Laura Bortoli
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Self Perception

Associations Between 24-Hour Time Use and Academic Achievement in Australian Primary School–Aged Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 905-913
Author(s):  
Amanda Watson ◽  
Dorothea Dumuid ◽  
Tim Olds
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Compositional Data Analysis ◽  
Individual Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background Previous research has examined associations between individual activity behaviors and academic achievement. Yet activity behaviors should be analyzed together because they are codependent parts of the 24-hour day. Aims This study aims to explore the associations between all daily activity behaviors (sleep, sedentary time, light physical activity [LPA], and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) and academic achievement using compositional data analysis. Method Participants for this study were drawn from two cohorts: the Australian arm of the cross-sectional International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment ( n = 452; mean age 10.7 years ( SD = 0.4); 54% female) and CheckPoint ( n = 1278; mean age 12 years [ SD = 0.4]; 50% female), a cross-sectional study nested between Waves 6 and 7 of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. Objective daily activity behavior data (sleep, sedentary time, LPA, and MVPA) were collected using 8-day, 24-hour accelerometry. Academic achievement was assessed using a nationally administered standardized test in literacy (spelling, grammar and punctuation, writing and reading) and numeracy. Compositional models (adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic position, and pubertal development) regressed academic scores against isometric log ratios of activity behaviors. We used the models to estimate academic achievement for observed daily activity mixes. Estimated outcomes were plotted against time spent in each individual activity domain, and loess curves were fitted. Discussion and conclusion In two different cohorts using two different accelerometers, lower LPA was related to better numeracy and literacy and higher sedentary time to better literacy (relative to time spent in other domains). Discussion and conclusion. LPA likely “drains time” from other movement behaviors, which are beneficial for academic achievement.

Influence of Social Support and Pubertal Development on Physical Activity Levels in Adolescent Girls

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 519-520
Author(s):  
Marion Bakhoya ◽  
Catherine Gammon ◽  
Karin A. Pfeiffer ◽  
Lorraine Robbins ◽  
Anamaría Kazanis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

scholarly journals Gastric ghrelin cell development is hampered and plasma ghrelin is reduced by delayed weaning in rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 192 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frida Fåk ◽  
Lennart Friis-Hansen ◽  
Björn Weström ◽  
Nils Wierup
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Cell Development ◽  
Solid Food ◽  
Ghrelin Concentration ◽  
Oxyntic Mucosa ◽  
Body Weight Increase ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding ◽  
Plasma Ghrelin Concentration

The duration of breastfeeding has attracted much interest, as a prolonged period of breastfeeding has been shown to reduce the risk of developing obesity. The mechanism behind the reduced risk is, however, poorly understood. The novel hormone ghrelin augments appetite, promotes body weight increase and increases adiposity. The majority of circulating ghrelin emanates from endocrine cells in the oxyntic mucosa of the stomach. In newborn humans and rodents, the number of ghrelin cells is low after birth until weaning, when the cell population is greatly expanded. To date, information about the influence of weaning perturbations on ghrelin cell development is scarce. Therefore, we studied the effect of delayed weaning on gastric ghrelin expression and plasma ghrelin concentration. To this end, special food separator cages were used to prevent the pups from eating solid food, forcing them to drink milk up to 21 days of age. Gastric ghrelin expression was examined by immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridisation, and plasma concentrations were assessed by RIA. Our data showed that gastric ghrelin expression and plasma ghrelin concentration are maintained at a lower level by delayed weaning. We also found that the relation between gastric ghrelin expression and body weight was altered by delayed weaning. Thus, control rats displayed a positive correlation between ghrelin expression and body weight, while no such correlation was evident in animals with delayed weaning. We conclude that delayed weaning exerts a negative influence on ghrelin expression, and that the onset of solid food intake may trigger normal ghrelin expression. Therefore, we suggest that ghrelin may constitute a hormonal link between the duration of breastfeeding and body weight development.

Meat consumption and age of menarche among schoolgirls in Shanghai

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youmei Wu ◽  
Qiuyun Gu ◽  
Xueying Cui ◽  
Zhenni Zhu ◽  
Jiajie Zang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Early Menarche ◽  
Total Meat ◽  
Menarche Age

Abstract Background：The relationship between dietary intake and pubertal development is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the association between meat consumption and early menarche among schoolgirls in Shanghai. Methods：The study randomly selected 1981 schoolgirls aged 6–18 years in Shanghai using a two-stage random sampling design. Information on meat intake was collected using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Menarche age, household income, physical activity and other covariates were obtained by standardized questionnaires. Height, weight and percentage of body fat were measured by trained field staff. Logistic regression was used to analyse the association between intake of meat and early menarche. Results：Among all the school girls who had experienced menarche (n=986), the mean age at menarche was 11.97±1.24 years. Of the girls, 26.10% (n=518) had early menarche. After adjusting for body mass index, age, physical activity, sleep, household income and parental education, consumption of poultry was positively associated with risk of early menarche (P-trend=0.03). Girls who never consumed poultry had a lower risk of early menarche (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.39–0.96). Poultry consumption less than once a week was not significantly associated with early menarche compared with those consuming poultry once or more a week (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.50–1.08). Neither the consumption of pork, beef, lamb, processed meat nor total meat consumption were associated with menarche age. Conclusions: Higher consumption of poultry was associated with an earlier age at menarche.

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