Kinetics of pyrimethamine in young and adult rats on a standard diet and on a low-protein diet

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 173-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Mouankie ◽  
W. Senczuk ◽  
E. Florek
Keyword(s):  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Kinetics Of

Nutritional recovery from a low-protein diet during pregnancy does not restore the kinetics of insulin secretion and Ca2+ or alterations in the cAMP/PKA and PLC/PKC pathways in islets from adult rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1257-1267
Author(s):  
Leonardo Marin ◽  
Hellen Barbosa Faria Silva ◽  
Gabriela Damin ◽  
Letícia Martins Ignacio-Souza ◽  
Sílvia Regina de Lima Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Insulin Release ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Nutritional Recovery ◽  
Kinetics Of

We investigated the insulin release induced by glucose, the Ca2+ oscillatory pattern, and the cyclic AMP (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) and phospholipase C (PLC)/protein kinase C (PKC) pathways in islets from adult rats that were reared under diets with 17% protein (C) or 6% protein (LP) during gestation, suckling, and after weaning and in rats receiving diets with 6% protein during gestation and 17% protein after birth (R). First-phase glucose-induced insulin secretion was reduced in LP and R islets, and the second phase was partially restored in the R group. Glucose stimulation did not modify intracellular Ca2+ concentration, but it reduced the Ca2+ oscillatory frequency in the R group compared with the C group. Intracellular cAMP concentration was higher and PKA-Cα expression was lower in the R and LP groups compared with the C group. The PKCα content in islets from R rats was lower than that in C and LP rats. Thus, nutritional recovery from a low-protein diet during fetal life did not repair the kinetics of insulin release, impaired Ca2+ handling, and altered the cAMP/PKA and PLC/PKC pathways.

scholarly journals Pancreatic islet insulin secretion and metabolism in adult rats malnourished during neonatal life

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco B. Barbosa ◽  
Kirsten Capito ◽  
Hans Kofod ◽  
Peter Thams
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Phospholipase A ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Glycerophosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Group

Pancreatic islets were isolated from rats that had been nursed by dams fed with a control or an 8·7 % protein diet during the first 12 d of the lactation period. Glucose-induced insulin secretion from islets in the 8·7 % protein group was reduced 50 %. The islet insulin and DNA content were similar, whereas the pancreatic insulin content was reduced by 30 % in the rats fed 8·7 % protein. In order to elucidate the mechanism responsible for the attenuation of insulin secretion, measurements were performed of the activity of several islet enzymes that had previously been supposed to be involved in the coupling of glucose stimulation to insulin secretion. Islet glucose oxidation was unaffected, but glucose-stimulated hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol was reduced by one-third in the islets of rats fed 8·7 % protein. The activity of mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase was similar in islets of rats fed the 8·7 % protein diet and those fed the control diet. The activity of Ca-independent phospholipase A2was increased fourfold in the islets of rats fed 8·7 % protein. It is concluded that impairment of glucose-induced insulin secretion in rats fed a low-protein diet may be caused by attenuation of islet phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis, and it is tentatively suggested that the increased activity of Ca-independent phospholipase A2in islets of rats fed a low-protein diet may participate in the stimulation of apoptosis.

scholarly journals Effect of prenatal programming and postnatal rearing on glomerular filtration rate in adult rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 308 (5) ◽  
pp. F411-F419 ◽  
Author(s):  
German Lozano ◽  
Ayah Elmaghrabi ◽  
Jordan Salley ◽  
Khurrum Siddique ◽  
Jyothsna Gattineni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Mature Adult ◽  
Low Protein

The present study examined whether a prenatal low-protein diet programs a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and an increase in systolic blood pressure (BP). In addition, we examined whether altering the postnatal nutritional environment of nursing neonatal rats affected GFR and BP when rats were studied as adults. Pregnant rats were fed a normal (20%) protein diet or a low-protein diet (6%) during the last half of pregnancy until birth, when rats were fed a 20% protein diet. Mature adult rats from the prenatal low-protein group had systolic hypertension and a GFR of 0.38 ± 0.03 versus 0.57 ± 0.05 ml·min−1·100 g body wt−1 in the 20% group ( P < 0.01). In cross-fostering experiments, mothers continued on the same prenatal diet until weaning. Prenatal 6% protein rats cross-fostered to a 20% mother on day 1 of life had a GFR of 0.53 ± 0.05 ml·min−1·100 g body wt−1, which was not different than the 20% group cross-fostered to a different 20% mother (0.45 ± 0.04 ml·min−1·100 g body wt−1). BP in the 6% to 20% group was comparable with the 20% to 20% group. Offspring of rats fed either 20% or 6% protein diets during pregnancy and cross-fostered to a 6% mother had elevated BP but a comparable GFR normalized to body weight as the 20% to 20% control group. Thus, a prenatal low-protein diet causes hypertension and a reduction in GFR in mature adult offspring, which can be modified by postnatal rearing.

Effects of a Low-Protein Diet on Glomerular Endothelin Family Gene Expression in Experimental Focal Glomerular Sclerosis

1995 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsukasa Nakamura ◽  
Mitsumine Fukui ◽  
Isao Ebihara ◽  
Shiori Osada ◽  
Toshimasa Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Endothelin Receptors ◽  
Glomerular Sclerosis ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Puromycin Aminonucleoside ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Focal Glomerular Sclerosis

1. The present study was designed to assess whether glomerular expression of mRNAs for endothelin-1 and endothelin-3, as well as endothelin receptors A and B is affected by a low-protein diet during the course of focal glomerular sclerosis. 2. Focal glomerular sclerosis was induced in rats by injection of puromycin aminonucleoside on days 0, 27, 34 and 41 in conjunction with unilateral nephrectomy on day 22. Control rats were subjected to nephrectomy or sham operation on day 22. 3. Animals were divided into six groups. In group 1, the puromycin aminonucleoside-injected rats were fed a standard diet containing 22% protein. In group 2, the puromycin aminonucleoside-injected rats were fed a low-protein diet containing 6% protein, which was initiated on the day of the first puromycin aminonucleoside injection. In group 3, the nephrectomized rats without puromycin aminonucleoside were fed a standard diet. In group 4, the nephrectomized rats without puromycin aminonucleoside were fed a low-protein diet. In group 5, the sham-operated rats were fed a standard diet. In group 6, the sham-operated rats were fed a low-protein diet. 4. The percentage of sclerotic glomeruli in group 1 rats increased markedly with time, reaching 77% on day 80. 5. The glomerular mRNA levels for endothelin-1 and endothelin receptors A and B increased significantly as glomerular sclerosis progressed, whereas no endothelin-3 mRNA was detected in the glomeruli of any group. 6. The endothelin-1 production in isolated glomeruli from group 1 increased significantly as glomerular sclerosis progressed. 7. In group 2, the low-protein diet reduced the prevalence of glomerular sclerosis, attenuated the rise in mRNA levels for endothelin-1 and endothelin receptors A and B and reduced endothelin-1 production in glomeruli from rats with focal glomerular sclerosis. 8. These data indicate that increases in glomerular endothelin-1 and endothelin receptor mRNA levels are associated with the development of puromycin aminonucleoside-induced glomerular sclerosis. These effects are blunted by administration of a low-protein diet.

Effects of a Moderate Physical Training on the Leptin Synthesis by Adipose Tissue of Adult Rats Submitted to a Perinatal Low-protein Diet

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 814-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.H. de Mélo Montenegro ◽  
L. Moita ◽  
F.K. dos Reis ◽  
E. de Oliveira ◽  
P. Lisboa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Low Protein

scholarly journals Effect of Diet or Reproductive Status on the Histology of Spontaneous Pituitary Tumors in Female Wistar Rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 610-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Cellular Atypia ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Pituitary Glands

Hypophyses of four groups of 50 female rats (F0—nulliparous, F0—multiparous, F1—standard diet, and F1—low protein) were examined by light microscopy and immunocytochemistry by the avidin-biotin complex method. In pituitary glands of rats fed a low protein diet, the incidence of neoplasms of the pars distalis, the number of multifocal tumors, and the degree of neoplastic cellular atypia were significantly reduced. Pituitary adenomata in rats fed a low protein diet also caused significantly less brain compression at the time of necropsy than in rats fed a standard diet. All but two neoplastic foci from the 83 tumors stained for prolactin, and 14 of these also stained for growth hormone. No differences were found in the frequency of hemorrhagic or solid patterns of tumor. These findings may reflect a reduction in pituitary tumor initiation, promotion, and/or progression in rats fed a low protein diet.

Neonatal Low-Protein Diet Changes Deiodinase Activities and Pituitary TSH Response to TRH in Adult Rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 233 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Lisboa ◽  
A. T. S. Fagundes ◽  
A. T. A. Denolato ◽  
E. Oliveira ◽  
I. T. Bonomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Low Protein

Variability of the Methionine Loading Test: No Effect of a Low Protein Diet

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 551-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin den Heijer ◽  
Gerard M J Bos ◽  
Ingeborg A Brouwer ◽  
Wim B J Gerrits ◽  
Henk J Blom
Keyword(s):  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Homocysteine Concentration ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Transsulfuration Pathway ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Methionine Loading Test

The methionine loading test is used for the diagnosis of impaired methionine/homocysteine metabolism, in particular the transsulfuration pathway. Usually this test is performed on a low protein diet to control the intake of methionine. However, this is inconvenient and relatively expensive. In this study we compared the effects of a low protein diet and a standard diet on methionine loading test in 28 subjects (crossover design). The mean difference in homocysteine concentration after methionine loading between the two diets was 1.3 [confidence interval (CI) 95%-1.0–3.6]μmol/L which demonstrates that a special low protein diet is not essential in the performance of the methionine loading test. We also observed that 3 weeks after the first methionine loading test, fasting serum concentration of folate was higher and vitamin B12 concentration was lower.

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