A possible cosmic ray primary particle energy spectrum above 104 GeV and its astrophysical implications

1972 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
A. Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Primary Particle ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Particle Energy

SIMULATIONS OF RADIO EMISSION FROM COSMIC RAY AIR SHOWERS

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (29) ◽  
pp. 6831-6833
Author(s):  
TIM HUEGE ◽  
HEINO FALCKE
Keyword(s):  
Radio Emission ◽  
Primary Particle ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Azimuth Angle ◽  
Particle Energy ◽  
Particle Detector ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Electron Positron ◽  
Air Fluorescence

Radio emission from cosmic ray air showers has the potential to become an additional, cost-effective observing technique for cosmic ray research, being largely complementary to the well-established particle detector and air fluorescence techniques. We present Monte Carlo simulations of radio emission from extensive air showers in the scheme of coherent geosynchrotron radiation from electron-positron pairs gyrating in the earth's magnetic field. Preliminary results of our simulations are the predicted frequency, primary particle energy, shower zenith angle, shower azimuth angle and polarization dependence of the radio emission. These properties can be directly related to data measured by LOPES and other experiments.

scholarly journals Energy cutoff effect in CORSIKA on the detected particles of ππ0 decay channel

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 673-676
Author(s):  
Şeyma Atik Yılmaz ◽  
Ali Yılmaz ◽  
Haluk Denizli ◽  
Kaan Yüksel Oyulmaz
Keyword(s):  
Primary Particle ◽  
Decay Channel ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Particle Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Inclined Plane ◽  
Energy Cutoff ◽  
Shower Development ◽  
Particle Kinetic Energy

CORSIKA (COsmic Ray SImulations for Kascade) has various features in the creation of the extensive air showers with several characteristics where the users can configure the input card to achieve the desired result. ECUT is a parameter defined as the low energy cutoff of the particle kinetic energy for hadrons, muons, electrons, and photons. We investigate the effect of the different ECUT values on the detected particles in 107 – 5 × 108 GeV primary particle energy range where π–π0 decay channel chosen with 5 km shower development length. The selected ECUT values in this study are 0.05 and 0.1 GeV for both hadrons and muons and 0.05 GeV for electrons and photons. The effect of the reducing by half on the energy cutoff value is studied for the detector array located on an inclined plane, which is planned for upward τ detection.

Computer simulations of cosmic-ray air showers III. Fluctuations in shower development

1974 ◽  
Vol 339 (1617) ◽  
pp. 171-195 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Particle ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Particle Energy ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Longitudinal Development ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Shower Development ◽  
Computational Procedures ◽  
Maximum Development

Detailed studies are made of the fluctuations of a wide range of parameters in computer-simulated extensive air showers in attempts to design experiments which will be sensitive to the mass number of primary cosmic rays of energy 10 17 -10 18 eV. The computational procedures depend heavily on the Monte Carlo technique and the model for the high-energy interactions of nucleons and pions is simple, involving pionization only. The magnitudes of the fluctuations of the electron size, muon sizes and depths of cascade maximum development are determined as a function of the energy and mass of the primary particle. The origin of the fluctuations is identified for showers initiated by primary protons of various energies from studies of the correlations between observable parameters of the showers and measures of the stage of longitudinal development of the electron cascade. The correlation between the different components of air showers and between these components and the longitudinal cascade development are evaluated for over 50 parameters in the showers. Measurable parameters depending little on the longitudinal development of a shower (and hence being good measures of the primary particle energy) and those depending strongly on the cascade development (being indications of the nature of the primary particle) are identified.

scholarly journals MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS OF RADIO EMISSION FROM COSMIC RAY AIR SHOWERS

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (supp01) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
T. HUEGE ◽  
H. FALCKE
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Radio Emission ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
Primary Particle ◽  
Radio Signal ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Particle Energy ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Shower Maximum

As a basis for the interpretation of data gathered by LOPES and other experiments, we have carried out Monte Carlo simulations of geosynchrotron radio emission from cosmic ray air showers. The simulations, having been verified carefully with analytical calculations, reveal a wealth of information on the characteristics of the radio signal and their dependence on specific air shower parameters. In this article, we review the spatial characteristics of the radio emission, its predicted frequency spectrum and its dependence on important air shower parameters such as the shower zenith angle, the primary particle energy and the depth of the shower maximum, which can in turn be related to the nature of the primary particle.

scholarly journals Measurement of Energy Spectrum and Elemental Composition of PeV Cosmic Rays: Open Problems and Prospects

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 705
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Di Sciascio
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
Particle Energy ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
Indirect Measurements ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Systematic Uncertainties

Cosmic rays represent one of the most important energy transformation processes of the universe. They bring information about the surrounding universe, our galaxy, and very probably also the extragalactic space, at least at the highest observed energies. More than one century after their discovery, we have no definitive models yet about the origin, acceleration and propagation processes of the radiation. The main reason is that there are still significant discrepancies among the results obtained by different experiments located at ground level, probably due to unknown systematic uncertainties affecting the measurements. In this document, we will focus on the detection of galactic cosmic rays from ground with air shower arrays up to 1018 eV. The aim of this paper is to discuss the conflicting results in the 1015 eV energy range and the perspectives to clarify the origin of the so-called `knee’ in the all-particle energy spectrum, crucial to give a solid basis for models up to the end of the cosmic ray spectrum. We will provide elements useful to understand the basic techniques used in reconstructing primary particle characteristics (energy, mass, and arrival direction) from the ground, and to show why indirect measurements are difficult and results are still conflicting.

scholarly journals Method of Separation Between Light and Heavy Groups of Primary CR Nuclei by LDF of Cherenkov Light in the Range 300–3000 TeV

KnE Energy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
A S Elshoukrofy ◽  
L Sveshnikova ◽  
E Postnikov ◽  
I Astapov ◽  
P Bezyazeekov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Primary Particle ◽  
Parametric Method ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Cherenkov Light ◽  
Particle Type ◽  
Below The Knee ◽  
Shower Maximum

The problem of chemical composition below the knee in the cosmic-ray energy spectrum has not yet been solved due to low statistics collected from direct experiments. In the HiSCORE experiment the lateral distribution functions (LDF) of Cherenkov light of EASs with energy greater than hundreds of TeV can be measured in detail for millions of individual events. A full steepness of LDF is sensitive to the depth of shower maximum and as a result to primary particle type. In this paper, we developed a parametric method of separation between heavy and light groups of nuclei using the ’knee-like’ approximation of LDF and taking into account measurement uncertainty.

scholarly journals Measurement of the Cosmic Ray Helium Energy Spectrum from 70 GeV to 80 TeV with the DAMPE Space Mission

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Alemanno ◽  
Q. An ◽  
P. Azzarello ◽  
F. C. T. Barbato ◽  
P. Bernardini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Space Mission

On the single-particle-energy spectrum of a Λ particle in nuclear matter

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (23) ◽  
pp. 2804-2808 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Chong ◽  
Y. Nogami ◽  
E. Satoh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Nuclear Matter ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Particle Energy ◽  
Pair Approximation ◽  
Single Particle Energy ◽  
Short Range Repulsion ◽  
Separable Potentials ◽  
Independent Pair

The single-particle-energy spectrum of a Λ particle in nuclear matter is examined in the independent-pair approximation, by assuming nonlocal separable potentials for the ΛN interaction. Effects of short-range repulsion in the ΛN interaction on the Λ binding are also examined in terms of separable potentials of rank two.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document