Ochratoxin A and fumonisins (B1 and B2) in maize from Balkan nephropathy endemic and non endemic areas of Croatia

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Jurjevic ◽  
M Solfrizzo ◽  
B Cvjetkovic ◽  
G Avantaggiato ◽  
A Visconti
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Balkan Nephropathy ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Fumonisins B1 And B2

scholarly journals Mycotoxins Transmitted into Beer from Contaminated Grains During Brewing

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 875-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M Scott
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Brewing Process ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Fumonisins B1 And B2 ◽  
Ml Detection

Abstract Studies with aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, and fumonisins B1 and B2 added at various stages of the brewing process show that these mycotoxins (or metabolites) may be transmitted from contaminated grains into beer. Citrinin does not survive the mashing step. Mycotoxins in beer could originate from the malted grain or from adjuncts. Although high incidences and concentrations of aflatoxins and zearalenone have been found in local beers brewed in Africa, aflatoxins have not been detected in European beers. Zearalenone and α- or β-zearalenol (the metabolite likely to occur) have not been found in Canadian and European beers, except for one sample analyzed by thin-layer chromatography only. Ochratoxin A rarely has been detected at >1 ng/mL in beer; liquid chromatographic methods with a 0.05-0.1 ng/mL detection limit, however, have shown moderately high incidences of trace levels. Deoxynivalenol, which survives the brewing process, has been found with high incidence in Canadian and European beers, with concentrations of >200 ng/mL reported in several German beers. Fumonisins B1 and B2 occur to a limited extent in beer.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Mycotoxins in Swine Feeding from Spain

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Arroyo-Manzanares ◽  
Vicente Rodríguez-Estévez ◽  
Plácido Arenas-Fernández ◽  
Ana M. García-Campaña ◽  
Laura Gámiz-Gracia
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Detection ◽  
Solid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Pig Feed ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Feed Samples ◽  
Fumonisins B1 And B2

A survey including 228 pig feed samples from Spain has been developed, exploring the occurrence of 19 mycotoxins (aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2, ochratoxin A, fumonisins B1 and B2, citrinin, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, fusarenon X, sterigmatocystin, T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, enniatins A, A1, B and B2, and beauvericin). The samples were analysed by solid-liquid extraction followed by liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence or mass spectrometry detection. Enniatin B was found in 100% of the samples (up to 1200 µg/kg) and beauvericin in more than 90%. Moreover, 40% of samples were contaminated with more than five mycotoxins. This high occurrence is insurmountable and surpasses all previous studies, probably due to the inclusion of emerging mycotoxins, scarcely explored. The majority of the samples (96.9%) were in accordance with EU regulations, which do not address emerging mycotoxins or co-occurrence. These results show that in order to ensure mycotoxin absence, emerging mycotoxins should always be considered.

The humoral and cellular immune response of sheep against Borna disease virus in endemic and non-endemic areas

2004 ◽  
Vol 146 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Müller-Doblies ◽  
S. Baumann ◽  
P. Grob ◽  
A. Hülsmeier ◽  
U. Müller-Doblies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Borna Disease Virus ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Borna Disease

TBE in Croatia

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tick Species ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Notifiable Disease ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Central European ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tbe Virus ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
European Subtype

Even though tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) has been a notifiable disease in Croatia since 2007, there are no or only limited data available on the occurring tick species in the endemic areas, on the prevalence of TBE virus (TBEV) in ticks, its distribution in Croatia, and its genetic characteristics. Reporting of human cases also is very scarce. The Central European subtype of virus (TBEV-EU) appears to be present in Croatia

Studies on the current epidemiological situation of brugian filariasis in endemic areas of Korea

1988 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung Han Paik ◽  
You Jung Cho ◽  
Do Seo Koo ◽  
Han Il Ree ◽  
Jae Chul Shim
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Mycobiota of Czech wine grapes and occurrence of ochratoxin A and Alternaria mycotoxins in fresh grape juice, must and wine.

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Ostrý ◽  
Jarmila Škarková ◽  
Ivana Procházková ◽  
Alena Kubátová ◽  
František Malíř ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Wine Grapes ◽  
Alternaria Mycotoxins

Clinical Characteristics of Patients Diagnosed with Strongyloidiasis in a United States Urban Outpatient Dermatology Department: A Case Series

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Watchmaker ◽  
Sean Legler ◽  
Dianne De Leon ◽  
Vanessa Pascoe ◽  
Robert Stavert
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Case Series ◽  
The United States ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Dermatology Department ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Serologic Testing ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
History Of ◽  
Endemic Areas

Background: Although considered a tropical disease, strongyloidiasis may be encountered in non-endemic regions, primarily amongst immigrants and travelers from endemic areas.  Chronic strongyloides infection may be under-detected owing to its non-specific cutaneous presentation and the low sensitivity of commonly used screening tools. Methods: 18 consecutive patients with serologic evidence of strongyloides infestation who presented to a single urban, academic dermatology clinic between September 2013 and October 2016 were retrospectively included.  Patient age, sex, country of origin, strongyloides serology titer, absolute eosinophil count, presenting cutaneous manifestations, and patient reported subjective outcome of pruritus after treatment were obtained via chart review.  Results: Of the 18 patients, all had non-specific pruritic dermatoses, 36% had documented eosinophila and none were originally from the United States. A majority reported subjective improvement in their symptoms after treatment. Conclusion:  Strongyloides infection and serologic testing should be considered in patients living in non-endemic regions presenting with pruritic dermatoses and with a history of exposure to an endemic area.Key Points:Chronic strongyloidiasis can be encountered in non-endemic areas and clinical manifestations are variableEosinophilia was not a reliable indicator of chronic infection in this case series Dermatologists should consider serologic testing for strongyloidiasis in patients with a history of exposure and unexplained pruritus

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