Effect of temperature and yeast extract on microbial respiration of sediments from a shallow coastal subsurface and vadose zone

1996 ◽  
Vol 57-58 (1) ◽  
pp. 827-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirit D. Chapatwala ◽  
G. R. V. Babu ◽  
Onguri K. Vijaya ◽  
E. Armstead ◽  
A. V. Palumbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Vadose Zone ◽  
Microbial Respiration ◽  
Effect Of Temperature

scholarly journals High yield of ethanol production by the strain Fusarium sp. ZW-21 with corncob hydrolysate

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 622-632
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Liang ◽  
Hongyu Si ◽  
Dongliang Hua ◽  
Yuxiao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Polysorbate 80 ◽  
Corncob Hydrolysate ◽  
Fusarium Sp

The filamentous fungus strain Fusarium sp. ZW-21 was used for ethanol production with corncob hydrolysate. The fermentation conditions of ethanol production from corncob hydrolysate by the strain were investigated, and the effect of temperature, pH, nitrogen source, and surfactants on the ethanol production was investigated. The two factors yeast extract and polysorbate 80 were selected for further optimization by response surface methodology. The optimal conditions for ethanol production by the strain Fusarium sp. ZW-21 were 50 g/L sugar of corncob hydrolysate, 10.35 g/L yeast extract, 10 g/L KH2PO4, 0.5 g/L MgSO4·7H2O, 0.38 g/L polysorbate 80, pH 6.0, inoculum size of 1 mL/50 mL medium, and incubation temperature of 30 °C. The fermentation period was 5 d under oxygen-limited conditions, and the ethanol yield was 24.2 g/L.

scholarly journals A new method for the study of cell division and cell extension with some preliminary observations on the effect of temperature and of nutrients

1949 ◽  
Vol 136 (882) ◽  
pp. 110-125 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Cell Extension ◽  
Number Of Cells

A novel technique for determining the total and the meristematic number of cells in a root meristem is described; it involves macerating the tissue in a known volume of fluid, and subsequently determining the appropriate number of cells in an aliquot on a haemacytometer slide. Root tips are cultured in batches on sintered glass disks with different nutrient media and at four temperatures. Samples of four roots are taken from each culture at intervals of 12 hr., and with each sample the average total number, the average meristematic number of cells, and the average length of each root are determined. From these primary data rates of division and indices of extension are calculated. It is shown that no division occurs in the absence of sugar, and the rate of division is increased by providing inorganic salts with the sugar, and still further increased by supplying yeast extract. With each nutrient the rate of division is higher at 15° than at 25°C, but lower at 5° than at 15°C. No extension occurs in the absence of sugar, and the greatest extension is given with sugar and inorganic salts. Yeast extract in the form and concentration used in these experiments tends to depress extension. The results of the main body of experiments are discussed along with others showing the effects of single mineral deficiencies. It is suggested tentatively that in these experiments the level in the cells of certain products of carbohydrate degradation determine the rate of cell division, and that in cell extension the process depends to some extent on a synthesis of protein which requires a supply of sugar and of certain inorganic salts.

scholarly journals Experimental study on the effect of temperature and flux conditions on moisture distribution in vadose zone soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 881-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinguo Wang ◽  
Hu Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Vadose Zone ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Moisture Distribution ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Study Laboratory

Moisture distribution in vadose zone soil is the most important parameter for land productivity and vegetation status of ecological systems, and is sensitive to temperature variation. In this study, laboratory scale tests were conducted to determine the effect of temperature on variation in moisture distribution in covered and uncovered conditions. The results indicated that soil moisture from 2.65 to 20 cm was positively correlated with temperature and temperature gradient, and the top 2.65 to 5 cm was dramatically influenced by temperature changes in both covered and uncovered conditions. The moisture content when temperature was increasing was higher than that when temperature was decreasing for the same temperature, when the film covered the top of the soil column. In contrast, the moisture content when temperature was increasing was lower than when the temperature was decreasing for the uncovered soil column. The difference between treatments was not maintained as soil depth increased.

Nucleation of Disorder in Fe3Al Alloys

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 312-313
Author(s):  
P. R. Swann ◽  
W. R. Duff ◽  
R. M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Antiphase Domain ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Domain Structures ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Domain Boundaries ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
The One

Recently we have investigated the phase equilibria and antiphase domain structures of Fe-Al alloys containing from 18 to 50 at.% Al by transmission electron microscopy and Mössbauer techniques. This study has revealed that none of the published phase diagrams are correct, although the one proposed by Rimlinger agrees most closely with our results to be published separately. In this paper observations by transmission electron microscopy relating to the nucleation of disorder in Fe-24% Al will be described. Figure 1 shows the structure after heating this alloy to 776.6°C and quenching. The white areas are B2 micro-domains corresponding to regions of disorder which form at the annealing temperature and re-order during the quench. By examining specimens heated in a temperature gradient of 2°C/cm it is possible to determine the effect of temperature on the disordering reaction very precisely. It was found that disorder begins at existing antiphase domain boundaries but that at a slightly higher temperature (1°C) it also occurs by homogeneous nucleation within the domains. A small (∼ .01°C) further increase in temperature caused these micro-domains to completely fill the specimen.

The effect of temperature on high-resolution TEM image contrast

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 640-641
Author(s):  
T. Geipel ◽  
W. Mader ◽  
P. Pirouz
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Waller Factor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Debye Waller Factor ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Atomic Form Factor

Temperature affects both elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons in a crystal. The Debye-Waller factor, B, describes the influence of temperature on the elastic scattering of electrons, whereas the imaginary part of the (complex) atomic form factor, fc = fr + ifi, describes the influence of temperature on the inelastic scattering of electrons (i.e. absorption). In HRTEM simulations, two possible ways to include absorption are: (i) an approximate method in which absorption is described by a phenomenological constant, μ, i.e. fi; - μfr, with the real part of the atomic form factor, fr, obtained from Hartree-Fock calculations, (ii) a more accurate method in which the absorptive components, fi of the atomic form factor are explicitly calculated. In this contribution, the inclusion of both the Debye-Waller factor and absorption on HRTEM images of a (Oll)-oriented GaAs crystal are presented (using the EMS software.Fig. 1 shows the the amplitudes and phases of the dominant 111 beams as a function of the specimen thickness, t, for the cases when μ = 0 (i.e. no absorption, solid line) and μ = 0.1 (with absorption, dashed line).

The development of dormancy in bulblets of Lilium speciosum generated in vitro. II. The effect of temperature

1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Delvallee ◽  
Annie Paffen ◽  
Geert-Jan De Klerk
Keyword(s):  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Lilium Speciosum
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