Reactions of potato varieties to late blight and insect injury as reflected in yields and percentage solids

1955 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Stevenson ◽  
R. V. Akeley ◽  
R. E. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Potato Varieties

scholarly journals Demystification of GM crop costs: releasing late blight resistant potato varieties as public goods in developing countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Schiek ◽  
Guy Hareau ◽  
Yona Baguma ◽  
Akshat Medakker ◽  
David Douches ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Gm Crop ◽  
Potato Varieties

scholarly journals Comparison of Late Blight Resistance and Yield of Potato Varieties

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-258
Author(s):  
Terje Tähtjärv ◽  
Aide Tsahkna ◽  
Sirje Tamm
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Early Variety ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Plant Breeding Institute

Growing more resistant potato varieties is one of the most effective strategies to control late blight, to protect potato yield and to prevent harming the environment. The main aim of our study was to identify potato varieties with higher resistance to late blight and which were high yielding in Estonian conditions and suitable for organic farming. During the three-year trial, twelve potato varieties were tested at the Jõgeva Plant Breeding Institute (PBI) in 2010-2012. Foliage late blight (Phytophtora infestance (Mont) de Bary) and yield were estimated. First infection of late blight occurred in different times during the trial years. The three-year average infection level indicated that early varieties ‘Arielle’, ‘Impala’ and ‘Princess’ were more damaged than other varieties in the first estimation. Late varieties ‘Ando’, ‘Anti’, ‘Juku’ and ‘Sarme’ had higher late blight resistance. Their foliage damage remained less than 30% in the last estimation. The new medium variety ‘Teele’ had a lower infection rate than other medium varieties and did not significantly differ from late varieties. Based on these data, late varieties, early variety ‘Maret’ and medium variety ‘Teele’ can be considered suitable for organic farming. The new variety ‘Teele’ had the highest threeyear average tuber yield (52.8 t ha-1). Varieties ‘Impala’, ‘Princess’ and ‘Secura’ had significantly lower yield. Yield loss of these varieties might have been caused by higher late blight infection during trial years

Resistance of some American potato varieties to the late blight of potatoes

1953 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Peterson ◽  
W. R. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Potato Varieties

scholarly journals Optimizing Plant Disease Management in Agricultural Ecosystems Through Rational In-Crop Diversification

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Ping Wang ◽  
Zhe-Chao Pan ◽  
Li-Na Yang ◽  
Jeremy J. Burdon ◽  
Hanna Friberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystems ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Plant Disease Management ◽  
Disease Epidemics

Biodiversity plays multifaceted roles in societal development and ecological sustainability. In agricultural ecosystems, using biodiversity to mitigate plant diseases has received renewed attention in recent years but our knowledge of the best ways of using biodiversity to control plant diseases is still incomplete. In term of in-crop diversification, it is not clear how genetic diversity per se in host populations interacts with identifiable resistance and other functional traits of component genotypes to mitigate disease epidemics and what is the best way of structuring mixture populations. In this study, we created a series of host populations by mixing different numbers of potato varieties showing different late blight resistance levels in different proportions. The amount of naturally occurring late blight disease in the mixture populations was recorded weekly during the potato growing seasons. The percentage of disease reduction (PDR) in the mixture populations was calculated by comparing their observed late blight levels relative to that expected when they were planted in pure stands. We found that PDR in the mixtures increased as the number of varieties and the difference in host resistance (DHR) between the component varieties increased. However, the level of host resistance in the potato varieties had little impact on PDR. In mixtures involving two varieties, the optimum proportion of component varieties for the best PDR depended on their DHR, with an increasing skewness to one of the component varieties as the DHR between the component varieties increased. These results indicate that mixing crop varieties can significantly reduce disease epidemics in the field. To achieve the best disease mitigation, growers should include as many varieties as possible in mixtures or, if only two component mixtures are possible, increase DHR among the component varieties.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF POTATO CULTIVAR FOR GROWTH AND YIELD PARAMETER

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Mangesh R. Deshmukh ◽  
Ganesh M. Bansode ◽  
Pallavi Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Tuber Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Emergence

The present investigation on evaluation of varietal performance of various potato varieties under Pune Conditions was initiated in Oct 2012. Potato tubers of Kufri Lauvkar, Kufri Badshah, Kufri Pushkar, Kufri Surya, Kufri Khyati, Kufri Ashoka, Kufri Jyoti, Kufri Pukharaj were planted on ridges and furrows. The results revealed that Kufri Surya recorded significantly higher total tuber yield (20.67 t/ha) followed by Kufri Pukharaj (18.45 t/ha). However percent plant emergence and foliage senescence were found non-significant. Whereas results in respect of yield depicted that the variety Kufri Lauvkar produced the lowest tuber yield of 16.23 t/ha. Tuber dry matter (19.69%) was recorded to be the highest in Kufri Surya which was significantly superior in comparison to the remaining varieties. The least incidence of late blight (9.69%) was recorded on Kufri Khyati which was at par with K. Surya (9.74%). The least incidence of early blight (10.29%) was recorded on K. Lauvkar which too was at par with K. Surya. Keeping this in view K. Surya may be recommended as promising variety for Pune region

Новые сорта картофеля для юга Дальнего Востока России

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.P. Shanina ◽  
N.A. Sakara ◽  
E.M. Klyukina ◽  
T.S. Tarasova ◽  
N.V. Kolyev
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Far East ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
First Year ◽  
State Testing ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
The Third ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Competitive Test

Цель работы – создание и передача в ГСИ ранних и среднеранних сортов картофеля с урожайностью 40-50 т/га, обладающих относительной устойчивостью к фитофторозу, высокой устойчивостью к вирусам Y и X, в меньшей степени поражающихся вирусами S, M, L, хорошо переносящих засушливую погоду в мае-июне и переувлажнение почвы во вторую половину вегетации в июле-августе. Основной метод создания сортов картофеля – отдаленная межвидовая гибридизация с использованием в качестве исходного материала лучших сортов мировой коллекции и сложных межвидовых гибридов – доноров тех или иных ценных признаков. Изучали 26 сортообразцов картофеля селекции ФГБНУ «Уральский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства». Принцип подбора сортообразцов картофеля соответствовал целевому назначению для региона Дальнего Востока – сорта должны быть скороспелыми и устойчивыми к фитофторозу. селекционный материал изучали по общепринятой методике в следующих питомниках: 2012 год – питомник предварительного испытания; 2013 год – питомник основного испытания первого года; 2014 год – питомник основного испытания второго года; 2015 год – питомник конкурсного испытания первого года; 2016 год – питомник конкурсного испытания второго года; 2017 год – питомник конкурсного испытания третьего года. Погодные условия в период проведения исследований (2012-2017 годы) были наиболее благоприятными в 2014 и 2017 годы, когда урожайность гибридов достигала 40 т/га и выше, неблагоприятными – в 2012 и 2015 годы и крайне неблагоприятными в 2013 и 2016 годы, за счет крайне избыточного выпадения осадков и эпифитотийного развития фитофтороза, начиная с третьей декады июня. Сильное развитие фитофтороза также наблюдалось в 2012 и 2015 годах, что дало возможность оценить селекционный материал на устойчивость к этому вредоносному заболеванию. По результатам оценки из 26 образцов лучшие показатели по динамике накопления урожая и устойчивости к фитофторозу показали только гибриды 05-11-6-14 и 05-22-18-17, переданные в государственное сортоиспытание под названиями Приморская заря и Приморский розовый соответственно.The purpose of the research is to breed and transfer to state testing of cultivars early and mid-early potato varieties with a yield of 40-50 t/ha, with relative resistance to late blight, high resistance to viruses Y and X, less affected by viruses S, M, L, well-tolerated to dry weather in May-June and water logging of the soil in the second half of vegetation in July-August. The main method of breeding of potato cultivars is remote interspecific hybridization using the best varieties of the world collection and complex interspecific hybrids – donors of various valuable traits as a source material. 26 varieties of potatoes bred at Ural scientific research Institute of agriculture. The principle of breeding of potato varieties corresponded to the purpose for the region of the Far East: cultivars should be precocious and resistant to late blight. Breeding material was studied according to the generally accepted method in the following nurseries: 2012-nursery preliminary test; 2013-nursery main test of the first year; 2014-nursery main test of the second year; 2015-nursery competitive test of the first year; 2016-the nursery of the competitive test of the second year; 2017-the nursery of the competitive test of the third year. Weather conditions during the research period (2012-2017) were the most favorable in 2014 and 2017, when the yield of hybrids reached 40 t/ha and above, unfavorable: in 2012 and 2015 and extremely unfavorable in 2013 and 2016, due to extremely excessive precipitation and epiphytotic development of late blight, starting from the third decade of June. The strong development of late blight was also observed in 2012 and 2015, which made it possible to assess the breeding material for resistance to this harmful disease. The evaluation of the 26 samples of the best indicators of the dynamics of the accumulation of yield and resistance to late blight showed that only hybrids 05-11-6-14 and 05-22-18-17 passed to the state testing of cultivars under the titles Primorskaya zarya and Primorskiy rozovyi, respectively.

scholarly journals CISGENIC BIOLISTIC TRANSFORMATION FOR OBTAINING NEW FORMS OF POTATOES WITH IMPROVED RESISTANCE TO LATE BLIGHT

REPORTS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (334) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
N.P. Malakhova ◽  
◽  
Y.A. Skiba ◽  
E.R. Maltseva ◽  
G.A. Iskakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Biolistic Transformation ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Polyubiquitin Gene ◽  
Common Potato ◽  
Gene Promotor

This article presents the results of application of cisgenic biolistic transformation for the accelerated production of new forms of potato with increased resistance to late blight. The reason for late blight development is the parasitic organism Phytophthora infestans, belonging to oomycetes (pseudo-fungi), which infects valuable agricultural plants. In this study, with the aim of combating P. infestans, a number of experiments on the biolistic transformation of the most common potato varieties Aksor and Nevskiy were carried out in Kazakhstan. Two potato genes – Rpi-vnt1.1 and StREM1.3 – were selected as targets for introduction. Expression of the first gene should be activated, and the expression of the REMORIN1.3 gene should be suppressed. Rpi-vnt1.1 was under the control of Solanum tuberosum polyubiquitin gene promotor (Pat) and Arabidopsis thaliana polyubiquitin 5 gene terminator (ubq5). Knock-down double stranded RNA-hairpin gene construction for StREM1.3 silencing was under the control of Solanum tuberosum phytochrome B gene promotor (phyB) and Arabidopsis thaliana hot-shock protein 18.2 terminator (HSP18.2). Three series of biolistic transformation were carried out, as a result of which 636 regenerated plants of potato varieties Aksor and Nevskiy were obtained. DNA was extracted from the plant material of potato transformant plants in the quality and quantity suitable for PCR analysis for the presence of an insert. PCR analysis was carried out, revealing 52 plants carrying the VNT insert. StREM1.3 silencing gene construction was detected in plant lines by qPCR, based on comparative analysis of of gene expression level and revealed 6 lines with reliably lower StREM1.3 expression level in comparison with wild-type plants.

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