Determination of standardized transpiration used as an indirect method for considering stomatal aperture under field conditions

1966 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
Milena Rychnovská
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Method ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Stomatal Aperture

Array and distribution of actin filaments in guard cells contribute to the determination of stomatal aperture

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1655-1665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-Qi Gao ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Peng-Cheng Wei ◽  
Fei Ren ◽  
Jia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Aperture

scholarly journals Maximum Aerobic Capacity of Underground Coal Miners in India

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratnadeep Saha ◽  
Netai Chandra Dey ◽  
Amalendu Samanta ◽  
Rajib Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Indirect Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Maximum Aerobic Capacity

Miners fitness test was assessed in terms of determination of maximum aerobic capacity by an indirect method following a standard step test protocol before going down to mine by taking into consideration of heart rates (Telemetric recording) and oxygen consumption of the subjects (Oxylog-II) during exercise at different working rates. Maximal heart rate was derived as 220−age. Coal miners reported a maximum aerobic capacity within a range of 35–38.3 mL/kg/min. It also revealed that oldest miners (50–59 yrs) had a lowest maximal oxygen uptake (34.2±3.38 mL/kg/min) compared to (42.4±2.03 mL/kg/min) compared to (42.4±2.03 mL/kg/min) the youngest group (20–29 yrs). It was found to be negatively correlated with age (r=−0.55and −0.33 for younger and older groups respectively) and directly associated with the body weight of the subjects (r=0.57–0.68,P≤0.001). Carriers showed maximum cardio respiratory capacity compared to other miners. Indian minersVO2maxwas found to be lower both compared to their abroad mining counterparts and various other non-mining occupational working groups in India.

Field Determination of Cargo-Deck Friction Coefficients

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jos A. Romero ◽  
Miguel Marti´nez ◽  
Alejandro Lozano
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Road Segment ◽  
Friction Coefficients ◽  
The Road ◽  
Kinematical Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
On The Road

Friction between cargo and vehicle’s deck has been considered among the supplemental means for securing cargo. Although friction coefficients have been determined as a function of different influencing factors, such measurements have been performed under laboratory controlled conditions that simplify vehicle vibration and cargo-deck stiffness and contact characteristics. In this paper a methodology is proposed to quantify cargo-deck friction coefficients under realistic field conditions throughout the kinematical analysis of the stopping of the cargo-carrying vehicle by effects of dragging the cargo on the vehicle’s platform. The vehicle is located on an inclined road segment while the cargo is lashed to a fixed point on the road, in such a manner that the vehicle can travel a certain distance before the lashing becomes tensioned and the cargo starts stopping the vehicle. While average values for friction coefficients correlated well with those reported in the literature, standard deviations represented up to 33% of such average values.

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