Longitudinal changes in Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, and Zn in breast milk of women in Taiwan over a lactation period of one year

1998 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Te-Hsien Lin ◽  
Yuh-Jyh Jong ◽  
Chi-Hsiun chiang ◽  
Mo-Hsiung Yang
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
One Year ◽  
Cu And Zn

scholarly journals Dynamic Associations of Milk Components With the Infant Gut Microbiome and Fecal Metabolites in a Mother–Infant Model by Microbiome, NMR Metabolomic, and Time-Series Clustering Analyses

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Komatsu ◽  
Daiki Kumakura ◽  
Namiko Seto ◽  
Hirohisa Izumi ◽  
Yasuhiro Takeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Fecal Microbiome ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Milk Components ◽  
Infant Gut Microbiome ◽  
Infant Feces

Background: The gut microbiome and fecal metabolites of breastfed infants changes during lactation, and are influenced by breast milk components. This study aimed to investigate dynamic associations of milk components with the infant gut microbiome and fecal metabolites throughout the lactation period in a mother–infant model.Methods: One month after delivery, breast milk and subsequent infant feces were collected in a pair for 5 months from a mother and an exclusively breastfed infant. Composition of the fecal microbiome was determined with 16S rRNA sequencing. Low-molecular-weight metabolites, including human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), and antibacterial proteins were measured in feces and milk using 1H NMR metabolomics and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The association of milk bioactive components with the infant gut microbiome and fecal metabolites was determined with Python clustering and correlation analyses.Results: The HMOs in milk did not fluctuate throughout the lactation period. However, they began to disappear in infant feces at the beginning of month 4. Notably, at this time-point, a bifidobacterium species switching (from B. breve to B. longum subsp. infantis) occurred, accompanied by fluctuations in several metabolites including acetate and butyrate in infant feces.Conclusions: Milk bioactive components, such as HMOs, might play different roles in the exclusively breastfed infants depending on the lactation period.

A CLINICAL CASE OF COVID-19 IN A NEWBORN

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
E. N. Alferovich ◽  
◽  
I. A. Loginova ◽  
A. A. Ustinovich ◽  
E. A. Sarzhevskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Infected Mother ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
One Year ◽  
System Today

The problem of coronavirus infection has captured the whole world. In one year, the views on the disease itself and its treatment have radically changed. Doctors all over the world cannot give definite answers to a number of questions regarding this virus and its impact on newborn babies. Low susceptibility to coronavirus in young children may be due to some peculiarities of the immune system. Today it is considered to be the main ways of transmission of the virus are airborne and contact. However, the airborne route of infection in newborns is unlikely, because from birth the child is isolated from the sick mother. The issue of the vertical transmission of the virus from an infected mother to a child is discussed. There is no evidence of transmission of coronavirus through breast milk. The diagnosis of coronavirus infection in children is established with a positive epidemiological history and with 2 clinical symptoms with laboratory confirmation. The article presents a single clinical case of coronavirus infection in a newborn. The possible ways of infection of the newborn, the clinical picture, the possibility of joint stay of the mother and the child, breastfeeding, and treatment of the newborn are discussed.

Frontotemporal degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): a longitudinal MRI one-year study

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Trojsi ◽  
Federica Di Nardo ◽  
Mattia Siciliano ◽  
Giuseppina Caiazzo ◽  
Cinzia Femiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
One Year ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Abstract Objective. Advanced neuroimaging techniques may offer the potential to monitor disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative, multisystem disease that still lacks therapeutic outcome measures. We aim to investigate longitudinal functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes in a cohort of patients with ALS monitored for one year after diagnosis. Methods. Resting state functional MRI, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and voxel-based morphometry analyses were performed in 22 patients with ALS examined by six-monthly MRI scans over one year. Results. During the follow-up period, patients with ALS showed reduced functional connectivity only in some extramotor areas, such as the middle temporal gyrus in the left frontoparietal network after six months and in the left middle frontal gyrus in the default mode network after one year without showing longitudinal changes of cognitive functions. Moreover, after six months, we reported in the ALS group a decreased fractional anisotropy (P = .003, Bonferroni corrected) in the right uncinate fasciculus. Conversely, we did not reveal significant longitudinal changes of functional connectivity in the sensorimotor network, as well as of gray matter (GM) atrophy or of DTI metrics in motor areas, although clinical measures of motor disability showed significant decline throughout the three time points. Conclusion. Our findings highlighted that progressive impairment of extramotor frontotemporal networks may precede the appearance of executive and language dysfunctions and GM changes in ALS. Functional connectivity changes in cognitive resting state networks might represent candidate radiological markers of disease progression.

scholarly journals Oxidant and antioxidant status of human breast milk during lactation period

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevda Yuksel ◽  
Ayse Arzu Yigit ◽  
Miyase Cinar ◽  
Nurgul Atmaca ◽  
Yuksel Onaran
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Human Breast

scholarly journals Raising Awareness About Breast Milk Composition Among Women in Latvia

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Liva Aumeistere ◽  
Liva Aumeistere ◽  
Dace Zavadska
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
European Union Country ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
One Year

Background: Breast milk is the ideal food source that contains all components an infant needs. Infants are at risk of receiving possible pollutants and high levels of trans fatty acids through breast milk that may affect their cardiovascular health and cognitive development. Statistics indicate that the proportion of children who are breastfed up to one year of age shows an annual increase in Latvia. Objectives: 1. To review studies conducted among the Latvian population regarding breast milk composition. 2. To evaluate the necessary future studies emphasizing the importance of the trans fatty acid content in a mother’s diet and correspondingly in breast milk and taking into consideration the new changes in Latvian legislation setting the maximum trans fat content in foodstuffs. Conclusions: There is very little research done about the human milk composition in Latvia that could be referable to a general population. It is known that the exposure of breast milk to persistent organic pollutants in Latvia corresponds to the lowest levels detected in the European countries and is not a cause of health disorders. Taking into consideration the adverse effect trans fatty acids have on human’s health regardless of the age, consumption should be as low as possible. Latvia has become the latest European Union country to set the maximum amount of trans fats in foodstuffs, yet there is no information about trans fatty acids content in human milk among women in Latvia. This problem needs to be addressed and set in motion. Therefore, it would be a novel idea to study if the TFA content also declines in milk among Latvian women after the introduction of the new legislation.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Multi-Omics Study of a Mother-Infant Dyad from Breastfeeding to Weaning: An Individualized Approach to Understand the Interactions Among Diet, Fecal Metabolome and Microbiota Composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgia Conta ◽  
Federica Del Chierico ◽  
Sofia Reddel ◽  
Federico Marini ◽  
Fabio Sciubba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Single Mother ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Common Component ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
16S Rna ◽  
Stool Samples

The development of the human gut microbiota is characterized by a dynamic sequence of events from birth to adulthood, which make the gut microbiota unique for everyone. Its composition and metabolism may play a critical role in the intestinal homeostasis and health. We propose a study on a single mother-infant dyad to follow the dynamics of an infant fecal microbiota and metabolome changes in relation to breast milk composition during the lactation period and evaluate the changes induced by introduction of complementary food during the weaning period. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics was performed on breast milk and, together with 16S RNA targeted-metagenomics analysis, also on infant stool samples of a mother-infant dyad collected over a period running from the exclusive breastfeeding diet to weaning. Breast milk samples and neonatal stool samples were collected from the 4th to the 10th month of life. Both specimens were collected from day 103 to day 175, while from day 219–268 only stool samples were examined. An exploratory and a predictive analysis were carried out by means of Common component and specific weight analysis and multi-block partial least squares discriminant analysis, respectively. Stools collected during breastfeeding and during a mixed fruit/breastfeeding diet were characterized by high levels of fucosyl-oligosaccharides and glycolysis intermediates, including succinate and formate. The transition to a semi-solid food diet was characterized by several changes in fecal parameters: increase in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels, including acetate, propionate and butyrate, dissapearance of HMOs and the shift in the community composition, mainly occurring within the Firmicutes phylum. The variations in the fecal metabolome reflected the infant’s diet transition, while the composition of the microbiota followed a more complex and still unstable behavior.

scholarly journals Mastitis and/or plugged ducts? How to differentiate, help and treat?

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Zakharova ◽  
A. E. Kuchina ◽  
I. V. Berezhnaya ◽  
T. N. Sannikova
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Antibacterial Treatment ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Breast Milk Expression ◽  
Good Technique ◽  
Lactational Mastitis ◽  
Personalized Approach ◽  
Feeding Techniques

Mastitis is one of the most common pyoinflammatory processes that occur in the postpartum. The mastitis incidence varies from 0.5% to 33%. Due to lack of standard algorithms, approaches to diagnosis and treatment of lactational mastitis vary between pediatricians and obstetrician-gynecologists. Plugged ducts is the basic factor that predisposes a woman to plugged milk ducts, which can lead to mastitis. Unfortunately, frequently prescribed antibacterial treatment has an adverse effect on human milk microbiota and creates subtherapeutic drug concentration in milk, which leads to antibiotic resistance in infants. Effective expression of breast milk is a key method to prevent and fight mastitis and plugged ducts. Recommendations for preferred method of breast milk expression require a personalized approach, the first of which depends on the assessment of breast nipples condition. According to some reports, 80–90% of breast-feeding women develop soreness and cracked nipples, which cause delayed or missed breastfeeding. Teaching correct breast-feeding techniques can prevent the chain of these adverse events: cracked nipples – plugged duct – lactation mastitis. Ideally, a healthy mature infant with active sucking reflex, who is breastfed effectively with a good technique, may perfectly ensure a problem-free lactation period.

scholarly journals Penyuluhan Persiapan ASI Ekslusif pada Ibu Hamil Di Desa Bori Kamase Kecamatan Maros Baru Kabupaten Maros

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Sitti Nurana ◽  
Sitti Hadriyanti Hamang
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Effective Activity ◽  
Breast Care ◽  
In Pregnancy

Lactation Preparation In pregnancy is an effective activity to increase exclusive breast milk coverage and early breastfeeding initiation (IMD). Participants are prioritized pregnant women as well as posyandu cadre mothers. The success of exclusive breastfeeding depends heavily on lactation preparation during pregnancy, often found in the field, the fundamental reasons mothers do not give breast milk to their babies are, (1) Breast milk has not come out on the first day, so given Formula Milk while waiting for mother's breast milk, (2) Breast milk is still a little, and (3) Nipples sink. Some of the above reasons can be anticipated in pregnancy at the age of aterm pregnancy, namely by explaining to the mother about the lactation process, the baby's need for breast milk in the early stages of birth and breast care at the age of aterm pregnancy, as well as the provision of knowledge about balanced nutrition that can be consumed during pregnancy to help increase the production of breast milk in the nifas / or lactation period, However, this group is open to others who have similar interests, such as husbands, or families who will support and accompany the mother during pregnancy until the process of breastfeeding later. Through the extension of lactation preparation given, it is expected that pregnant women can prepare the lactation process since pregnancy as an effort to successfully breastfeed exclusively.

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