The effect of colored embellishment of a visual array on a simultaneously presented audio array

1965 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Chan ◽  
Robert M. W. Travers ◽  
Adrian P. Van Mondfrans
Keyword(s):  
Visual Array

The Effects of Visual Degradation on Attended Objects and the Ability to Process Unattended Objects within the Visual Array

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy R. Athy ◽  
Dale S. Klopfer ◽  
Stephanie M. Moon ◽  
Gina M. Jurek
Keyword(s):  
Visual Array ◽  
Visual Degradation

scholarly journals An explicit investigation of the roles that feature distributions play in rapid visual categorization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Yeon Im ◽  
Natalia Tiurina ◽  
Igor Utochkin
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Visual Array ◽  
Visual Categorization ◽  
Range Distribution ◽  
Distribution Shape ◽  
Ensemble Statistics ◽  
Distributional Information ◽  
Ensemble Representations

Ensemble representations are often described as efficient tools when summarizing features of multiple similar objects as a group. However, it can sometimes be more useful not to compute a single summary description for all of the objects if they are substantially different, for example, when they belong to entirely different categories. It was proposed that the visual system can efficiently use the distributional information of ensembles to decide whether simultaneously displayed items belong to single or several different categories. Here we directly tested how the feature distribution of items in a visual array affects an ability to discriminate individual items (Experiment 1) and sets (Experiments 2-3) when participants were instructed explicitly to categorize individual objects based on the median of size distribution. We varied the width (narrow or fat) as well as the shape (smooth or two-peaked) of distributions in order to manipulate the ease of ensemble extraction from the items. We found that observers unintentionally relied on the grand mean as a natural categorical boundary and that their categorization accuracy increased as a function of the size differences among individual items and a function of their separation from the grand mean. For ensembles drawn from two-peaked size distributions, participants showed better categorization performance. They were more accurate at judging within-category ensemble properties in other dimensions (centroid and orientation) and less biased by superset statistics. This finding corroborates the idea that the two-peaked feature distributions support the “segmentability” of spatially intermixed sets of objects. Our results emphasize important roles of ensemble statistics (mean, range, distribution shape) in explicit visual categorization.

Monitoring Selections from a Visual Array Activates the Mid-dorsolateral Frontal Cortex: Evidence from Functional MRI

NeuroImage ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. S878
Author(s):  
Chantal E. Stern ◽  
Adrian M. Owen ◽  
Rodney B. Look ◽  
Irene Tracey ◽  
Bruce R. Rosen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Visual Array

Artists on Libraries 1:

1986 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Visual Array ◽  
Creative Evolution ◽  
Mind's Eye

I love the word ‘library’ and feel sorry for the French who wasted their equivalent on a mere stationery shop and cornered themselves into using the nobly historical yet somewhat dry term ‘bibliothéque’. I feel that my own books make up a library but would scarcely constitute a bibliothéque.I am temporarily separated from the bulk of my books and thus more keenly aware than ever of their importance to me. It is not only the contents that I miss but the visible presence of them. I can picture the shelves and the configurations of buckrams and dust-jackets: in my mind’s eye particular books can be located. I see Bergson’s Creative Evolution there next to Wittgenstein’s Tractatus. Shall I ever read it again? I doubt it; yet the sight of it, austere on its appropriate shelf reminds me that in some sense what lies within its covers is also to be found within my head, although I cannot quote a word of it. Books do furnish a mind. The visual array of them is a house of memory in the form of a mnemonic of evocative spines.

Locke and the Visual Array

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL JACOVIDES
Keyword(s):  
Visual Array

scholarly journals Scene and Surface in the Cinema : Implications for Realism

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Motion Picture ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Visual Array ◽  
Digital Arts

ABSTRACT The visual array of a motion picture contains two separable sets of information, one for a three-dimensional diegetic event (scene) and another set of information which specifies the two-dimensional screen upon which the film is projected (surface). The author and his colleagues of the Digital Arts and Imaging Lab have attempted to sort out which information is seen as part of the scene and which as part of the surface. Based on the works of James J. Gibson, their conclusions question the application of the theory of realism to films.

scholarly journals Detecting communicative intent in a computerised test of joint attention

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Caruana ◽  
Genevieve McArthur ◽  
Alexandra Woolgar ◽  
Jon Brock
Keyword(s):  
Joint Attention ◽  
Search Task ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Gaze Following ◽  
Visual Array ◽  
Gaze Shifts ◽  
Gaze Shift ◽  
Communicative Intent ◽  
Cognitive Faculties

The successful navigation of social interactions depends on a range of cognitive faculties – including the ability to achieve joint attention with others to share information and experiences. We investigated the influence that intention monitoring processes have on gaze-following response times during joint attention. We employed a virtual reality task in which 16 healthy adults engaged in a collaborative game with a virtual partner to locate a target in a visual array. In the Search task, the virtual partner was programmed to engage in non-communicative gaze shifts in search of the target, establish eye contact, and then display a communicative gaze shift to guide the participant to the target. In the NoSearch task, the virtual partner simply established eye contact and then made a single communicative gaze shift towards the target (i.e., there were no non-communicative gaze shifts in search of the target). Thus, only the Search task required participants to monitor their partner’s communicative intent before responding to joint attention bids. We found that gaze following was significantly slower in the Search task than the NoSearch task. However, the same effect on response times was not observed when participants completed non-social control versions of the Search and NoSearch tasks, in which the avatar’s gaze was replaced by arrow cues. These data demonstrate that the intention monitoring processes involved in differentiating communicative and non-communicative gaze shifts during the Search task had a measureable influence on subsequent joint attention behaviour. The empirical and methodological implications of these findings for the fields of autism and social neuroscience will be discussed.

scholarly journals Features of the representations of Ukrainian identity in the visual content of popular telegram channels

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Konstiantyn Kysliuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Political Identity ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Visual Content ◽  
Visual Array ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Military Mobilization ◽  
Value Preferences

In the article had been considered the features of the representations of Ukrainian identity in the visual content of 5 most popular Telegram-channels («Ukraine 24/7»; «Ukraine now», «Ukraine Online», «TSN», «Insider UA»). Two groups of its markers had been determineted – Political Identity (combination of blue-yellow colors, national banner or emblem (trident) as the center of the image or the dominant background) and Military (man and women in Ukrainian military uniforms, weapons and military equipment) In fact, the share of which markers had been highest than formally 2–3% of the total visual content for every group. The first group, which embodies the civic and political identity, had been determineted as a leading Its spread had been explained by the direction of the current government's domestic policy on «citizens of Ukraine» who were not differentiated according to geopolitical and value preferences. The production of Military markers had been explained by the continuing relevance of military news in the context of the undeclared war between Russia and Ukraine. It also reflects the state of partial military mobilization of public consciousness over the past 6 years. The broadcast of such images in the Telegram had been detached from its traditional basis – a real, ethnically charged identity. Whose identification characteristics (uniform, chevrons, stripes, awards, badges on military equipment) had been not brought to the center of image. On the basis of previous researches of the author had been noted that another – ethnically charged level of Ukrainian identity was more widely represented on social networks Facebook and Instagram. There Ukraine was associated with a woman in a national costume or an image of a field with ripe wheat or sunflower. The greater share of accompanying military images (14% of the total visual array in Facebook communities), the presence in their visual content of a special female military (3%) did not really change the narrative «Ukraine as a woman does not want war». In these communication channels had been found the only common present day symbol of Ukraine, both visual and memorial, – the images of the Independence Monument on the square of the same name in Kiev. This clearly demonstrates the incompleteness of Ukraine’s postmodernization processes, including at the area of values, cultural memory and the hierarchy of identities.

scholarly journals School-aged children's awareness of their own working memory contents

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Christopher L. Blume
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Visual Array ◽  
Memory Contents ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Subjective Estimates ◽  
Do So

Working memory researchers in psychology have long wondered about how the mind organizes the many different pieces of information that must be maintained at any one time in order that the individual may carry out daily tasks of cognition. This research has often focused on the capacity of information that an individual is capable of holding in mind at any one time. In order to obtain a better understanding of this capacity researchers have developed what are thought to be objective measures of estimating the number of items (k) an individual must have in mind based on their performance on some cognitive task. In the present research one such formula is used to obtain a typical estimate for a visual array task in which multiple colored squares must be held in mind for a short duration before the participant is asked about whether or not a single probe color was one of the colors that had just seen in the array. In addition, participants are asked to provide their own subjective estimates of the number of colors they believe themselves to have memorized. Several age groups were tested starting with children as young as 6. The results show that while all age groups appear to overestimate their own capacity when compared to the objective k estimate, younger children tend to do so to a greater degree. This effect is discussed as the result of the development of quicker processing with age, faster forgetting in young age, or simply a structural increase in the capacity irrespective of the prior two possibilities.

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