Chemical corrosion and fracture of a “Hot” pipeline of an ammonia-synthesis column

2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-424
Author(s):  
A. N. Kuzyukov ◽  
V. A. Borisenko ◽  
Yu. Ya. Nikhaenko ◽  
A. V. Tugolukov
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Chemical Corrosion ◽  
Synthesis Column

A packing with a plate heat-exchanger for an ammonia synthesis column

1981 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-174
Author(s):  
Yu. G. Obolentsev ◽  
L. L. Tovazhnyanskii ◽  
A. T. Posmyk ◽  
Ya. S. Teplitskii ◽  
R. R. Khabibullin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Plate Heat Exchanger ◽  
Plate Heat ◽  
Synthesis Column

scholarly journals Optimal Design of Welded Plate Heat Exchanger for Ammonia Synthesis Column: An Experimental Study with Mathematical Optimisation

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Tovazhnyanskyy ◽  
Jiří Jaromir Klemeš ◽  
Petro Kapustenko ◽  
Olga Arsenyeva ◽  
Olexandr Perevertaylenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Plate Heat Exchanger ◽  
Tubular Heat Exchanger ◽  
Plate Heat ◽  
World Energy ◽  
Synthesis Column ◽  
Mathematical Optimisation

The production of ammonia, consuming up to 5% of natural gas global production, accounts for about 2% of world energy. Worldwide, the Haber–Bosch process is the mainly used method of ammonia catalytic synthesis, involving temperatures up to 600 °C and pressures up to 32 MPa. In this paper, the results of the development and study of the special welded construction of plate heat exchanger (WPHE) for a column of ammonia synthesis are presented. The heat transfer and hydraulic performance of developed WPHE are investigated on a one-pass model in laboratory conditions. An equation for the relation between heat transfer effectiveness and the number of heat transfer units is proposed. A mathematical model of multi-pass WPHE is developed using these results. The validity of this model is confirmed by results of industrial tests performed with the prototype WPHE installed in operating column of ammonia synthesis at temperatures about 500 °C and pressure about 32 MPa. The tests confirmed the reliability of WPHE and its efficiency compared to a tubular heat exchanger. A method of optimal design of WPHE that allows finding the optimal height of corrugations and the number of passes in WPHE for specified conditions of operation is developed.

Heat transfer in the plate heat exchanger of an ammonia-synthesis column

1982 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 204-207
Author(s):  
Yu. G. Obolentsev ◽  
O. A. Korobchanskii ◽  
L. L. Tovazhnyanskii ◽  
M. S. Chus' ◽  
Ya. S. Teplitskii
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Plate Heat Exchanger ◽  
Plate Heat ◽  
Synthesis Column

Electron Donation by Low-Crystalline Ba-La-Ce Oxygen-Deficient Composite Oxide Accumulating on Ru Nanoparticles for Ammonia Synthesis under Mild Conditions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsutoshi Sato ◽  
Shin-ichiro Miyahara ◽  
Yuta Ogura ◽  
Kotoko Tsujimaru ◽  
Yuichiro Wada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Bond Cleavage ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Strong Electron ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Ru Nanoparticles ◽  
Rate Determining Step ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Composite Oxides ◽  
Low Crystalline

<p>To mitigate global problems related to energy and global warming, it is helpful to develop an ammonia synthesis process using catalysts that are highly active under mild conditions. Here we show that the ammonia synthesis activity of Ru/Ba/LaCeO<i><sub>x</sub></i> pre-reduced at 700 °C is the highest reported among oxide-supported Ru catalysts. Our results indicate that low crystalline oxygen-deficient composite oxides, which include Ba<sup>2+</sup>, Ce<sup>3+</sup> and La<sup>3+</sup>, with strong electron-donating ability, accumulate on Ru particles and thus promote N≡N bond cleavage, which is the rate determining step for ammonia synthesis.</p>

Electron Donation by Low-Crystalline Ba-La-Ce Oxygen-Deficient Composite Oxide Accumulating on Ru Nanoparticles for Ammonia Synthesis under Mild Conditions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsutoshi Sato ◽  
Shin-ichiro Miyahara ◽  
Yuta Ogura ◽  
Kotoko Tsujimaru ◽  
Yuichiro Wada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Bond Cleavage ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Strong Electron ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Ru Nanoparticles ◽  
Rate Determining Step ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Composite Oxides ◽  
Low Crystalline

<p>To mitigate global problems related to energy and global warming, it is helpful to develop an ammonia synthesis process using catalysts that are highly active under mild conditions. Here we show that the ammonia synthesis activity of Ru/Ba/LaCeO<i><sub>x</sub></i> pre-reduced at 700 °C is the highest reported among oxide-supported Ru catalysts. Our results indicate that low crystalline oxygen-deficient composite oxides, which include Ba<sup>2+</sup>, Ce<sup>3+</sup> and La<sup>3+</sup>, with strong electron-donating ability, accumulate on Ru particles and thus promote N≡N bond cleavage, which is the rate determining step for ammonia synthesis.</p>

INCONEL X

Alloy Digest ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Chemical Corrosion ◽  
International Nickel Company ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Corrosion And Oxidation

Abstract INCONEL X is a high-strength, high-temperature nickel-base alloy responding to age hardening for maximum properties. It is highly resistant to chemical corrosion and oxidation. Its creep rate is low under high stresses at 1200-1500 F. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness, creep, and fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-3. Producer or source: International Nickel Company Inc..

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