Pollen Dispersal in a Hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) Seed Orchard Detected Using a Chloroplast DNA Marker

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiro Seido ◽  
Hajime Maeda ◽  
Susumu Shiraishi
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Dna Marker ◽  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Chamaecyparis Obtusa

Factors affecting pollen dynamics and its importance to pollen contamination: a review

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1155-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Di-Giovanni ◽  
P. G. Kevan
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Dispersal Pattern ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pollen Contamination ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
Natural Stands

Pollen contamination causes major losses to genetic improvement from selection and breeding of "plus" trees in conifer seed orchards. Genetic losses arise by the influx of "wild" conspecific pollen into seed orchards and its deleterious fertilization of superior genetic lines. This review firstly addresses the basis of the problem: pollen, conifer reproduction, and the concept of seed orchard management, especially in regard to reduction of contamination. Secondly, the physical processes of pollen liberation, dispersal, and deposition are described, and examples of previous studies illuminating these phenomena given. Thirdly, past research on measuring pollen dispersal in natural stands and seed orchards in discussed in the light of modelling techniques used to predict these types of dispersal pattern. Work on the other facets of contamination measurement, gene-flow studies, are listed. It is concluded that a detailed study that combines both the physical and gene-flow aspects of pollen dispersal should be initiated to compare and contrast the two methods, and that attempts to model pollen contamination should be sought.

scholarly journals Pollen Dispersal and Its Spatial Distribution in a Seed Orchard of Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr.

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 256-261
Author(s):  
Zhang Zhuowen ◽  
Sui Juanjuan ◽  
Mei Li ◽  
Shu Changqing
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Larix Kaempferi ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Tree Crown ◽  
Pollen Density ◽  
Distribution Type ◽  
Main Factor

Abstract Pollen dispersal and its spatial distribution in a seed orchard of Larix kaempferi in Changlinggang, Jianshi, Hubei Province has been studied for 3 years. The results show that pollen dispersal is directly affected by weather conditions, with wind speed being the main factor controlling pollen dispersal. Pollen dispersal follows a date rhythm of low-high-low during the whole pollen dispersal season with a peak date for 3-5 days, and a time rhythm of low-high-low with the peak time at 10:00-16:00 during the day. For pollen density in the air there are significant differences among dates, and among different day times during dispersing. There are no significant differences between pollen densities in space with regard to horizontal directions, 8 orientations, and different positions in the tree crown in this seed orchard, in all of these cases pollens are evenly distributed. There are significant differences for pollen densities among different vertical heights, showing a cluster distribution type. The pollination level in this seed orchard is very low and needs a supplement mass pollination (SMP).

Benefit–cost analysis of DNA marker-based selection in progenies of Pinus radiata seed orchard parents

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 2213-2224 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.L. Wilcox ◽  
S.D. Carson ◽  
T.E. Richardson ◽  
R.D. Ball ◽  
G.P. Horgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Dna Marker ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost

Benefit–cost analysis of DNA marker-based selection in progenies of Pinus radiata seed orchard parents

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 2213-2224
Author(s):  
P L Wilcox ◽  
S D Carson ◽  
T E Richardson ◽  
R D Ball ◽  
G P Horgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Dna Marker ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Qtl Detection ◽  
Family Selection ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Genetic Gains ◽  
Marginal Costs ◽  
Structural Grade ◽  
Financial Gains

The financial viability of DNA marker-based within-family selection (MBS) compared with full-sib family forestry was evaluated for Pinus radiata Donn. ex D. Don. Two traits were investigated: wood density (WD) and diameter at breast height (DBH, 1.4 m). Assuming 20 biallelic loci of equal additive effect controlling trait variation in 15 unrelated top full-sib families of P. radiata, marginal costs of quantitative trait loci (QTL) detection and selection were estimated based on an average of slightly less than five loci per family. We assumed a program where 10 genotypes per family per year were deployed over a 5-year period, and each replicated 100 000 times via fascicle cuttings methods. Estimated marginal costs were NZ$32 and NZ$72 per 1000 plants for WD and DBH, respectively. Genotyping costs were the single largest component for both traits. Genetic gains were estimated by modifying predicted log volumes (DBH) or proportion of structural-grade timber (WD) with and without pruning. Estimated genetic gains ranged from 3.2 to 3.4%. Net present values (assuming a 9.5% discount rate) ranged from an average of NZ$51 to NZ$621/ha. Results showed that MBS for DBH was more profitable than for WD, despite markedly higher costs of QTL detection. All trait-silviculture combinations showed financial gains with internal rates of return of 9% or greater, even when estimated revenues were decreased 70% from forecast revenues. While this analysis is based on a large number of assumptions, it is robust and the results show that significant financial gains from MBS are possible even when selection is based upon DNA markers linked to a few loci each of relatively small effect.

Evaluation of mating dynamics in a lodgepole pine seed orchard using chloroplast DNA markers

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael U Stoehr ◽  
Craig H Newton
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Male Reproductive Success ◽  
Pollen Dynamics ◽  
Chloroplast Dna Markers

Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) markers were used to evaluate pollen dynamics in an operational lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) seed orchard. High levels of cpDNA differentiation were obtained using six primer pairs specific to simple sequence repeat (SSR) and variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci dispersed around the lodgepole pine chloroplast genome. In 69 orchard parents genotypes, 46 multilocus haplotypes were detected with 31 of these being unique (i.e., having only one orchard parent). The number of variants (alleles) per locus ranged from two to seven with gene diversity levels of 0.44-0.72. Evaluation of wind-pollinated seedlots of 15 selected clones using these markers indicated low levels of selfing (2%) and pollen contamination (5%) but showed evidence of relatively high levels of differential male reproductive success.

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