«Scaling in the mean» and the thermodynamical model in the central region

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 373-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Angelini ◽  
R. Pazzi
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Thermodynamical Model

Mechanical load-dependent regulation of satellite cell and fiber size in rat soleus muscle

2006 ◽  
Vol 290 (4) ◽  
pp. C981-C989 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. D. Wang ◽  
F. Kawano ◽  
Y. Matsuoka ◽  
K. Fukunaga ◽  
M. Terada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Cell ◽  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
Satellite Cells ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Sarcomere Length ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Rat Soleus Muscle ◽  
The Mean

The effects of mechanical unloading and reloading on the properties of rat soleus muscle fibers were investigated in male Wistar Hannover rats. Satellite cells in the fibers of control rats were distributed evenly throughout the fiber length. After 16 days of hindlimb unloading, the number of satellite cells in the central, but not the proximal or distal, region of the fiber was decreased. The number of satellite cells in the central region gradually increased during the 16-day period of reloading. The mean sarcomere length in the central region of the fibers was passively shortened during unloading due to the plantarflexed position at the ankle joint: sarcomere length was maintained at <2.1 μm, which is a critical length for tension development. Myonuclear number and domain size, fiber cross-sectional area, and the total number of mitotically active and quiescent satellite cells of whole muscle fibers were lower than control fibers after 16 days of unloading. These values then returned to control values after 16 days of reloading. These results suggest that satellite cells play an important role in the regulation of muscle fiber properties. The data also indicate that the satellite cell-related regulation of muscle fiber properties is dependent on the level of mechanical loading, which, in turn, is influenced by the mean sarcomere length. However, it is still unclear why the region-specific responses, which were obvious in satellite cells, were not induced in myonuclear number and fiber cross-sectional area.

scholarly journals Mumps Outbreak among Highly Vaccinated Teenagers and Children in the Central Region of Portugal, 2012-2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugénio Cordeiro ◽  
Muriel Ferreira ◽  
Fernanda Rodrigues ◽  
Paula Palminha ◽  
Elsa Vinagre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
Waning Immunity ◽  
Unilateral Involvement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Epidemiological Link ◽  
Actual Vaccine

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Mumps vaccine was introduced in the National Immunization Program in Portugal in 1987, rapidly reaching a national coverage &gt; 92%, with important reduction in the annual incidence of the disease. We report a mumps outbreak in the Central Region of Portugal, occurred in the winter 2012-13.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> Cases of salivary-gland swelling and other symptoms compatible with mumps were investigated. Geodemographics, clinical, laboratory and vaccination data were analyzed.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> Over six months, 148 outbreak-related cases were reported: 87.8% occurred in three of the 16 affected counties and 78.4% had a known epidemiological link. Median age was 14.5 years (2-62) and 70.3% were 11-20 years old; 61.5% were male. The mean duration of disease was seven days (2-20). The disease was generally mild; 80.4% had fever and in 55.4% there was unilateral involvement of the parotid gland. Seven cases had orchitis, one oophoritis and one had nephritis. Two cases were hospitalized. School transmission predominated and class attack rates were &lt; 30%. Most of the cases occurred in vaccinated individuals (92%) of whom 86.8% had received 2 doses; 17.7% had received one dose of the vaccine containing the Rubini strain. Mumps virus genotype G was identified in 4 cases.<br /><strong>Discussion:</strong> This mumps outbreak among a highly vaccinated population, occurring mostly in teenagers at school, could be due to the partial effectiveness of the vaccine against the disease (particularly in the group vaccinated with Rubini strain), waning immunity overtime and genotype mismatch.<br /><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This outbreak report shows the importance of discussion about the need of more booster dose of the actual vaccine or new vaccine including more genotypes to improve immunogenicity.</p>

Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Advanced Cervical Carcinoma: The Advantage of Perfusion Parameters From the Peripheral Region in Predicting the Early Response to Radiotherapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1342-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoguang Zhang ◽  
Zhengang Wang ◽  
Rongrong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Carcinoma ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Peripheral Region ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Advanced Cervical Carcinoma ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
The Mean

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the importance of perfusion parameters from the peripheral region in predicting the early response to radiotherapy for advanced cervical carcinoma by using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsOne hundred eight patients with advanced cervical carcinoma were enrolled into this study. Dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion MR examinations were performed for all the patients before radiotherapy. Perfusion parameters were obtained from the central region and the peripheral region of tumor respectively. After radiotherapy, the patients were classified into responders and nonresponders according to tumor shrinkage on the basis of follow-up MRI examination. The mean follow-up time lasted 12 months. The perfusion parameters were compared between the 2 groups. The relationship between perfusion parameters from 2 different regions of tumor and treatment effect was analyzed.ResultsThe mean value of volume transfer constant (Ktrans), rate constant (Kep) or extravascular extracellular volume fraction (Ve) from the peripheral region was higher than that from the central region of tumor, respectively (P = 0.01, 004, 0.03). Responders had higher Ktransperipheral (Ktrans from the peripheral region) and Ktranscentral (Ktrans from the central region) values than nonresponders (P = 0.04, 0.01). Responders had higher Kepperipheral (Kep from the peripheral region) than nonresponders (P = 0.03). Responders had lower Veperipheral (Ve from the peripheral region) than nonresponders (P = 0.04). At logistic regression analysis, the perfusion parameters that had predicting value were Ktransperipheral, Veperipheral, Kepperipheral and Ktranscentral according to diagnostic potency.ConclusionsCompared with perfusion parameters from the central region of tumor, perfusion parameters from the peripheral region are more valuable in predicting the early response to radiotherapy for advanced cervical carcinoma.

scholarly journals Impact of health education intervention on knowledge and perception of cervical cancer and screening for women in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Innocentia Ebu ◽  
Salome Amissah-Essel ◽  
Christiana Asiedu ◽  
Selorm Akaba ◽  
Kingsley Asare Pereko
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Education Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Health Education Intervention ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background The burden of cervical cancer continues to rise in developing economies. Women in the sub-Saharan African region have higher chances of developing cervical cancer due to a greater prevalence of related risk factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of health education intervention on cervical cancer and screening perceptions of women in the Komenda, Edina, Eguafo, and Abirem (K.E.E.A) District in the Central Region of Ghana. Methods A non-equivalent control-group design was used to select church women; 396 in the intervention group and 386 in the control group, aged 11 to 70 years in the K.E.E.A District in the Central Region of Ghana. Data was collected via a validated structured interview schedule and analysed using the paired - and independent-samples t-tests, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test. Results A comparison of the mean differences between the pre-post-test scores for the intervention and control groups showed a statistically significant difference for knowledge of cervical cancer (t = 6.22, df = 780, p = 0.001), knowledge of cervical cancer screening (t = 5.96, df = 780, p = 0.001), perceived seriousness (t = 3.36, df = 780, p = 0.001), perceived benefits (t = 9.19, df = 780, p = 0.001), and perceived barriers (t = 3.19, df = 780, p = 0.001). However, perceived susceptibility for the intervention group reduced, evidenced by a decrease in the mean (mean = − 0.12) compared to the control group (mean = 0.93) and this was statistically significant (t = 2.72, df = 780, p = 0.007). Conclusions Health education interventions are critical in improving knowledge and perceptions, and increasing self-efficacy of women about cervical cancer and screening. Trial registration ISRCTN Registry: Current Controlled Trials, ISRCTN13468198. Registered 22 March 2019.

scholarly journals 160-min Oscillations of the Sun as the Mean of Study of its Internal Structure

1983 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 209-213
Author(s):  
E. A. Gavryuseva ◽  
Yu. S. Kopysov ◽  
G. T. Zatsepin
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Radial Displacement ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThe investigation of the models of the contemporary Sun with a mixed core has shown that the amplitude of some gravity modes of oscillations of the star can be mainly concentrated in the central region. This phenomenon takes place if the node of the amplitude of radial displacement coincides with the boundary of the mixed core. In this case the core can be regarded as a driving generator of the oscillations, determining their period and phase. It is suggested as the explanation of the observational properties of the 160-min oscillation.

scholarly journals NGC 613: Nuclear Region Narrow Band Imagery

1989 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 474-475
Author(s):  
H. A. Dottori
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Hii Regions ◽  
Pure Line ◽  
Integration Time ◽  
Absolute Calibration ◽  
Nuclear Region ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Solar Metallicity ◽  
The Mean

The peculiar nuclear region (Hummel et al., 1987) of the southern barred spiral NGC613 has been imaged with a CCD attached to the 90 cm CTIO reflector and integration time of one hour, using narrow band filters at Hα, Hβ, [OIII], [OII] and continua at 3765 Å(C[OII]), 5200 Å(CEβ) and 6476 Å(CHα), which allow to obtain pure line frames. Stone and Baldwin (1983) spectrophotometric standards have been observed for absolute calibration. The CHα (fig. 1) and CHβ (fig. 2) images show the well known 2 blobs structure, the SE of which is the nucleus. The ratio of both frames reveals an up to now unknown ring like structure (fig. 8) of 1400 × 2300 pc. The monochromatic color c(CHβ-CHα) reach 0.6 mag on the ring and 0.0 to 0.2 mag in its inner zone, where most of the gas emission is produced. The ratio Hα/Hβ (fig. 7) shows that the ring is practically absorption free, and that the dust is strongly concentrated in a zone of 400 pc, shifted 500 pc to the N of the nucleus, absorving up to 6 mag. in Hβ. Comparison with star monochromatic colors (O'Connell, 1973) lead to conclude that the ring colour is produced by red stars, with a mean spectral type G8 to K1, while in the central region it is A5 to F0. This ring is probably similar to that of HII regions observed in NGC 1097 (Osmer et al. 1974), but with the ionizing stars having evolved to RSG. The Hα pattern (fig. 3) presents only one maximum, displaced about 300 pc to the SE of the nucleus, being the weakest isophotes distorted to the W. The Hβ one (fig. 4) shows also one maximum, but the isodensities are elongated due to the extinction. The [OII] (fig. 6) shows a two blob like structure; and the [OIII], with the richest feature distribution, shows emission minima coincident with the [OII] blobs. The mean Hα/Hβ ratio is about 3.9, but mean extinction correction can be meaningless due to the distribution of dust. The ratios [OIII]/Hβ = 0.47 and [OII]/Hβ = 0.27, when compared with Stasińska's (1982) photoionization models, indicate higher than solar metallicity and Teff ≈ 40,000K for the ionizing source.

scholarly journals Pattern of hydromorphone use in King Abdulaziz Medical City-Central Region (KAMC-CR)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saja Alhabardi ◽  
Hind Almodaimegh ◽  
Maha Alammari
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical City ◽  
The Mean

AbstractHydromorphone is a semi-synthetic opioid that acts mainly on the μ-opioid receptor. Hydromorphone has a fast onset of action, usually within 5 min, and its effectiveness peaks at approximately 20 min, which makes it favourable in the postoperative setting. It plays a role in the management of moderate to severe chronic pain. The most common adverse effects of hydromorphone are hypotension, bradycardia, and respiratory distress. The aim of this study was to determine the trend in the use of hydromorphone analgesics and to evaluate hydromorphone-related toxicity in King Abdulaziz Medical City-Central Region (KAMC-CR). A retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out in KAMC-CR, and medical and pharmacological data were retrieved from electronic health records for adult patients who used hydromorphone between December 2014 and December 2015. The characteristics of the enrolled patients, including measured blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate, oxygen saturation, and pain severity score, were collected. Moreover, we identified patients who received naloxone as a hydromorphone antidote. A total of 153 patients were included; 64.1% were male and 35.8% were female. The mean age of the included patients was 55.5 years old (+/− 18.6). Although the majority of patients reported an improvement in pain severity, 75 patients (49%) needed naloxone to overcome adverse effects of hydromorphone. The mean age of patients who received naloxone was 56.2 years old (+/− 20.5), their mean weight was 75.9 kg (+/− 17.2), and 61.3% of them were male (n = 46). Among those who received naloxone, 84% patients (n = 63) had received hydromorphone intravenously. The risk of respiratory depression was significantly higher in patients who received hydromorphone intravenously (IV) than in those who received it orally (p = 0.02). Hydromorphone can have adverse effect. Thus, we recommend evaluating cardiac parameters, oxygen saturation, respiration rate, and pain severity before administering hydromorphone, particularly in patients who have a high risk of cardiorespiratory adverse events, such as patients with cardiac disease, asthma, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Additionally, we recommend the use of appropriate hydromorphone doses in cases of conversion from other opioid therapy or changes between oral and IV routes of the administration of hydromorphone. Moreover, we recommend establishing a policy to restrict the prescription of hydromorphone to avoid the overuse of hydromorphone and minimize the risk of adverse effects and medication errors.

scholarly journals Optical Imagery of NGC 6302

1993 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 206-206
Author(s):  
Joaquín Bohigas
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
List Type ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
San Pedro ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Multiple Shocks ◽  
Optical Imagery ◽  
Dark Lane ◽  
Density Image

Images with narrow band filters centred at the most significant emission lines, such as Hβ, Hα, [SII] 6717 and [SII] 6731, were taken to explore the physical conditions of NGC 6302. Observations were secured on May 1991 with the 2.0m telescope of the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional at San Pedro Mártir, B.C., Mexico, the f/7.5 secondary, and a 384 × 576 CCD chip. The most significant results are: 1.Excitation mechanism. The image of the Hα/[SII] lines ratio reveals that photoionization and shocks are equally important throughout most of the object. Photoionization is dominant in the central region and a few isolated patches. Elongated structures pointing towards the central region can be identified with a shock impinging the wall of a bipolar cavity.2.Extinction. The image of the Hα/Hβ lines ratio shows that extinction changes over all distance scales. C(Hα) is nearly equal to 1.7 in the central region. It falls off very rapidly away from it, and at a distance of 10 arcsec it is approximately equal to 1.3. In the mean, Hα/Hβ is 1.25 times larger in the western lobe than in the eastern.3.Excitation. Different lines ratios, such as [SII] 6724/[SIII] 9069, [OIII] 5007/[OI] 6300 and Hel 5876/Hβ, indicate that excitation is larger in the eastern lobe. For instance, Hel 5876/Hβ ≃ 0.15 in the eastern lobe and ≃ 0.13 in the western region.4.Electron density was calculated from the [SII] 6717 and [SII] 6731 images. The density structure is very complex. Within the central region the highest density is found at both sides of the dark lane. No clear correlation exists between density and shock excited regions. Wave-like patterns can be recognized in the density image. These can be attributed to instabilities, sporadic ejections events and/or multiple shocks.

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