In vitro antibiotic sensitivity pattern of common bacterial isolates from cases of acute bacterial meningitis with special reference to ceftriaxone

1997 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 849-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bandaru Narasinga Rao ◽  
Ibrahim Mahdi Kashbur ◽  
Nuri Mohamed Shembesh ◽  
Suliman Mohamed El Bargathy
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

scholarly journals Etiologyand occurrence of acute bacterial meningitis in children in Benghazi Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Bandaru Narasinga Rao ◽  
Ibrahim Mahdi Kashbur ◽  
Nuri Mohamed Shembesh ◽  
Suliman Mohamed El Bargathy
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Presumptive Diagnosis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Meningitis In Children ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Over a 14-month period, 77 children with a presumptive diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis were investigated. The incidence of acute bacterial meningitis was 0.8%, with a case fatality rate of 13.0%. Children pound 1 year of age were more affected [64.9%]. The total male to female ratio was 1.2:1. Gram stain detected more cases [85.7%] than culture [66.2%]. A total of 48 isolates were identified by culture and their antibiotic sensitivity was determined. Haemophilus influenzae [33.8%] was the predominant organism identified, followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae [26.0%], Klebsiella spp. [6.5%] and Neisseria meningitidis [2.6%]. Many of the bacterial isolates were sensitive to gentamicin, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone and least sensitive to tetracycline and ampicillin

scholarly journals Antibiotic sensitivity and in vitro antimicrobial activity of plant extracts to pseudomonas fluorescens isolates collected from diseased fish

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Foysal ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
M Alam
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

Studies were conducted to identify Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates from a collection of bacteria isolated from bacterial haemorrhagic septicaemia infected carp and catfish, evaluate their antibiotic sensitivity pattern and screen the antibacterial activity of some medicinal plant extracts against the isolates.. A total of 10 isolates were identified as P. fluorescens by morphological, physiological and biochemical tests. In vitro antibiotic sensitivity test of the P. fluorescens isolates were conducted by disc diffusion method for seven antibiotics where, all of the isolates were found to be sensitive only against streptomycin and gentamycin but, most of the isolates (80%) were found resistant to chloramphenicol (C). Moreover, eighty percent of the isolates showed resistance to multiple antibiotics. A total of 118 plant extracts were screened for their antibacterial activity against the P. fluorescens isolates where the isolates exhibited sensitivity to 30 samples. Leaf extracts of Tamarindus indicus, Terminalia chebula, Citrus aurantifolia, Eugenia caryophyllata and Spondias pinnata were found to inhibit the growth of all of the P. fluorescens isolates. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijns.v1i4.9733 IJNS 2011 1(4): 82-88

scholarly journals Bacteriophage-derived CHAP domain protein, P128, kills Staphylococcus cells by cleaving interpeptide cross-bridge of peptidoglycan

Microbiology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 160 (10) ◽  
pp. 2157-2169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudarson Sundarrajan ◽  
Junjappa Raghupatil ◽  
Aradhana Vipra ◽  
Nagalakshmi Narasimhaswamy ◽  
Sanjeev Saravanan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Catalytic Domain ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Cross Bridge ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

P128 is an anti-staphylococcal protein consisting of the Staphylococcus aureus phage-K-derived tail-associated muralytic enzyme (TAME) catalytic domain (Lys16) fused with the cell-wall-binding SH3b domain of lysostaphin. In order to understand the mechanism of action and emergence of resistance to P128, we isolated mutants of Staphylococcus spp., including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), resistant to P128. In addition to P128, the mutants also showed resistance to Lys16, the catalytic domain of P128. The mutants showed loss of fitness as shown by reduced rate of growth in vitro. One of the mutants tested was found to show reduced virulence in animal models of S. aureus septicaemia suggesting loss of fitness in vivo as well. Analysis of the antibiotic sensitivity pattern showed that the mutants derived from MRSA strains had become sensitive to meticillin and other β-lactams. Interestingly, the mutant cells were resistant to the lytic action of phage K, although the phage was able to adsorb to these cells. Sequencing of the femA gene of three P128-resistant mutants showed either a truncation or deletion in femA, suggesting that improper cross-bridge formation in S. aureus could be causing resistance to P128. Using glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion peptides as substrates it was found that both P128 and Lys16 were capable of cleaving a pentaglycine sequence, suggesting that P128 might be killing S. aureus by cleaving the pentaglycine cross-bridge of peptidoglycan. Moreover, peptides corresponding to the reported cross-bridge of Staphylococcus haemolyticus (GGSGG, AGSGG), which were not cleaved by lysostaphin, were cleaved efficiently by P128. This was also reflected in high sensitivity of S. haemolyticus to P128. This showed that in spite of sharing a common mechanism of action with lysostaphin, P128 has unique properties, which allow it to act on certain lysostaphin-resistant Staphylococcus strains.

Combinations of Antibiotics

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 498-499
Author(s):  
Ernest Jawetz
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Etiologic Agents ◽  
Single Organism ◽  
Multiple Drugs

I read with interest the paper by Haggerty and Ziai (Pediatrics, 25:742, 1960). I fully agree with the authors' recommendation that acute bacterial meningitis of infants be treated with multiple drugs directed at the most likely etiologic agents until a specific single organism has been identified. However, the authors' repeated references to some of my past publications force me to call attention to some possibly misleading statements in their paper. After the initial demonstration of "antibiotic antagonism" in vitro and in experimental animals, we pointed out repeatedly (Arch. Int. Med., 90:301, 1952; Pharmacol.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Bacterial Isolates in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Kaduna, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Musa ◽  
Aliyu Kodiya ◽  
Abdullahi Kirfi ◽  
Onyekwere Nwaorgu
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

Introduction A common practice in the management of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), the empirical use of antibiotics may contribute to treatment failure and to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Objective To determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria associated with CRS. Methods This was a prospective cross-sectional study in which endoscopically guided middle meatal swabs (IBM Spss, version 16.0, Chicago, IL, USA) were aseptically taken from patients diagnosed with CRS after obtaining informed consent and ethical clearance. The samples were sent to the laboratory for qualitative and semiquantitative analysis via gram stain, aerobic, anaerobic cultures and antibacterial sensitivity tests. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS for Windows, version 16 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA). Simple statistical parameters and paired sample t-test were used, as appropriate. Results There were 74 (56.92%) bacterial growths, out of which 55 (74.32%) were aerobic and 19 (25.68%) were anaerobic isolates, from a total of 130 patients. About 13 (17.5%–18%) of these bacterial growths yielded a mixed growth of aerobic and anaerobic isolates. The most common bacterial isolates were 26 (35.14%) Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae 9 (12.16%), Streptococcus viridians 8 (10.81%), and Streptococcus pneumoniae 5 (6.76%). Augmentin, ciprofloxacin, and Peflacine were found to be most effective, followed by levofloxacin, Rocephin, erythromycin and Zinat in that order. Conclusion Augmentin, ciprofloxacin and Peflacine have a sensitivity of 100%, while most of the organisms show resistance to Ampiclox, amoxicillin, and Septrin.

scholarly journals Endogenous Bacterial Contamination of Plant Tissue Culture Materials: Identification and Control Strategy

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali ◽  
Shefali Boonerjee ◽  
Mohammad Nurul Islam ◽  
Mihir Lal Saha ◽  
M Imdadul Hoque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Culture And Sensitivity ◽  
And Control

The endogenous bacterial contamination of plant tissue culture materials and their possible control was studied. Nine bacterial isolates were isolated from the contaminated tissue culture materials viz. potato and tea. On the basis of morphology and biochemical characters of nine isolates, seven were identified as Gram positive belonging to Bacillus alcalophilus, B. circulans, B. infantis, B. lentus, B. schlegelii, B. pumilus and B. subtilis. Remaining two were Gram negative and identified as Enterobacter cloacae sub. sp. dissolvens and Pantoea agglomerans. Molecular analysis was conducted on the basis of 16S rDNA sequence to confirm three isolates. Culture and sensitivity test was carried out to screen out the antibiotic sensitivity where streptomycin (S-10), polymyxin (PB-300) and gentamicin (CN-120) antibiotics were found to be effective against all bacterial isolates. The culture and sensitivity test reflected the feasibility to control or eliminate the contaminant bacteria during in vitro culture of plant which is very much required in the commercial tissue culture production.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 28(1): 99-108, 2018 (June)

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