Comparison of vapor adsorption characteristics of acetone and toluene based on polarity in activated carbon fixed-bed reactor

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 773-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Gyu Lee ◽  
Song-Woo Lee ◽  
Seok-Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Adsorption Characteristics ◽  
Vapor Adsorption

Preparation of activated carbon from Canadian coals using a fixed-bed reactor and a spouted bed-kiln system

Fuel ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay K. Dalai ◽  
Jasimuz Zaman ◽  
E.Stanley Hall ◽  
Eric L. Tollefson
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Spouted Bed

scholarly journals Process Optimization for Ethyl Ester Production in Fixed Bed Reactor Using Calcium Oxide Impregnated Palm Shell Activated Carbon (CaO/PSAC)

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Buasri ◽  
B Ksapabutr ◽  
M Panapoy ◽  
N Chaiyut
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Bed Height

: The continuous production of ethyl ester was studied by using a steady-state fixed bed reactor (FBR). Transesterification of palm stearin (PS) and waste cooking palm oil (WCPO) with ethanol in the presence of calcium oxide impregnated palm shell activated carbon (CaO/PSAC) solid catalyst was investigated. This work was determined the optimum conditions for the production of ethyl ester from PS and WCPO in order to obtain fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) with the highest yield. The effects of reaction variables such as residence time, ethanol/oil molar ratio, reaction temperature, catalyst bed height and reusability of catalyst in a reactor system on the yield of biodiesel were considered. The optimum conditions were the residence time 2-3 h, ethanol/oil molar ratio 16-20, reaction temperature at 800C, and catalyst bed height 300 mm which yielded 89.46% and 83.32% of the PS and WCPO conversion, respectively. CaO/PSAC could be used repeatedly for 4 times without any activation treatment and no obvious activity loss was observed. It has potential for industrial application in the transesterification of triglyceride (TG). The fuel properties of biodiesel were determined. Keywords: biodiesel, calcium oxide, ethyl ester, fixed bed reactor, palm shell activated carbon

scholarly journals MgO Dispersed on Activated Carbon as Water Tolerant Catalyst for the Conversion of Ethanol into Butanol

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Cimino ◽  
Jessica Apuzzo ◽  
Luciana Lisi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
High Water ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Water Tolerance ◽  
Butanol Yield

MgO supported on activated carbon (AC) with a load ranging from 10% to 30% has been investigated as catalyst for the conversion of ethanol into butanol at 400 °C in a fixed bed reactor at different GHSV. Catalysts have been characterized by XRD, SEM/EDX, and N2 physisorption at 77 K. The high dispersion of MgO into the pores of the support provides strongly enhanced performance with respect to bulk MgO. MgO/AC catalysts have been also tested under wet feed conditions showing high water tolerance and significantly larger butanol yield with respect to an alumina supported Ru/MgO catalyst. After wet operation, the increased surface area of the catalyst leads to better performance once dry feed conditions are restored.

Volatile organic compound adsorption in a gas-solid fluidized bed

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.L. Ng ◽  
R. Yan ◽  
L.T.S. Tsen ◽  
L.C. Yong ◽  
M. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Adsorption Characteristics ◽  
Bubbling Bed ◽  
Intraparticle Mass Transfer

Fluidization finds many process applications in the areas of catalytic reactions, drying, coating, combustion, gasification and microbial culturing. This work aims to compare the dynamic adsorption characteristics and adsorption rates in a bubbling fluidized bed and a fixed bed at the same gas flow-rate, gas residence time and bed height. Adsorption with 520 ppm methanol and 489 ppm isobutane by the ZSM-5 zeolite of different particle size in the two beds enabled the differentiation of the adsorption characteristics and rates due to bed type, intraparticle mass transfer and adsorbate-adsorbent interaction. Adsorption of isobutane by the more commonly used activated carbon provided the comparison of adsorption between the two adsorbent types. With the same gas residence time of 0.79 seconds in both the bubbling bed and fixed bed of the same bed size of 40 mm diameter and 48 mm height, the experimental results showed a higher rate of adsorption in the bubbling bed as compared to the fixed bed. Intraparticle mass transfer and adsorbent-adsorbate interaction played significant roles in affecting the rate of adsorption, with intraparticle mass transfer being more dominant. The bubbling bed was observed to have a steeper decline in adsorption rate with respect to increasing outlet concentration compared to the fixed bed. The adsorption capacities of zeolite for the adsorbates studied were comparatively similar in both beds; fluidizing, and using smaller particles in the bubbling bed did not increase the adsorption capacity of the ZSM-5 zeolite. The adsorption capacity of activated carbon for isobutane was much higher than the ZSM-5 zeolite for isobutane, although at a lower adsorption rate. Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy was used as an analytical tool for the quantification of gas concentration. Calibration was done using a series of standards prepared by in situ dilution with nitrogen gas, based on the ideal gas law and relating partial pressure to gas concentration. Concentrations up to 220 ppm for methanol and 75 ppm for isobutane were prepared using this method.

Adsorption Kinetics of Oxytetracycline onto Activated Carbon in a Closed-Loop Fixed Bed Reactor

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 569-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djamila Djedouani ◽  
Malika Chabani ◽  
Abdeltif Amrane ◽  
Aicha Bensmaili
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Initial Concentration

Abstract Batch experiments were carried out for the adsorption of oxytetracycline (OTC) onto powdered activated carbon (PAC). The operating variables examined were the initial concentration (20–150 mg L−1) and the adsorbent concentration (0.75–1.75 g L−1). As observed increasing the initial concentration, while decreasing the adsorbent dosage, had a positive impact on the amount of OTC uptake (mg g−1). The kinetics was examined in a closed-loop fixed bed adsorber to propose an adsorption mechanism, to understand the dynamic interactions of OTC with ECA08 activated carbon and to predict its fate with time. The sorption results were analyzed using chemical and physical kinetics models. For concentrations lower than 70 mg L−1, the sorption process was found to be controlled by both surface reactions and mass transfer. The average external mass transfer coefficient and intraparticle diffusion coefficient were found to be 0.0051 min−1 and 1.97 mg g−1 min−0.5, respectively. For concentrations higher than 70 mg L−1, mass transfer became rapid and the chemical reaction at the surface of the solid phase was the rate-limiting step. The results showed that the adsorption reaction was accurately described by the pseudo-second-order model.

Effect of Fractal Dimension of Powder Activated Carbon on SO2 Adsorption

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2169-2172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Li ◽  
Jian Ming Xue ◽  
Yue Yang Xu ◽  
Hong Liang Wang ◽  
Chun Yuan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Powder Activated Carbon

Five kinds of powder activatedcarbons were studied to investigate the removal of SO2 from flue gasin a fixed bed reactor. The fractal dimension of activated carbon was determined by N2 adsorption isothermat 77Kand SO2 adsorptioncapacity was correlated with thefractal dimension. The results show thatthe activated carbons prepared from different precursors by differentactivation methods have different fractal dimension. Big differences in SO2 adsorption capacity are found between fivekinds of activated carbons. SO2 adsorption capacity increases with the fractaldimension increasing. The results indicate that the fractal dimension could be used as a indicator of SO2removal capacity on powder activated carbon.

scholarly journals Activated Carbon Produced by Pyrolysis of Waste Wood and Straw for Potential Wastewater Adsorption

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Januszewicz ◽  
Paweł Kazimierski ◽  
Maciej Klein ◽  
Dariusz Kardaś ◽  
Justyna Łuczak
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Waste Wood ◽  
Carbon Production

Pyrolysis of straw pellets and wood strips was performed in a fixed bed reactor. The chars, solid products of thermal degradation, were used as potential materials for activated carbon production. Chemical and physical activation processes were used to compare properties of the products. The chemical activation agent KOH was chosen and the physical activation was conducted with steam and carbon dioxide as oxidising gases. The effect of the activation process on the surface area, pore volume, structure and composition of the biochar was examined. The samples with the highest surface area (1349.6 and 1194.4 m2/g for straw and wood activated carbons, respectively) were obtained when the chemical activation with KOH solution was applied. The sample with the highest surface area was used as an adsorbent for model wastewater contamination removal.

Using Titania Photocatalysts to Degrade Toluene in a Combined Adsorption and Photocatalysis Process

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Y. Zou ◽  
Yonggang Luo ◽  
Eric J. Hu
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Crystalline Phase ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Coated Glass ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Air Stream

AbstractThree types of titania supported materials including titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide composite, titania-coated activated carbon and titania-coated glass beads were prepared and used as photocatalysts to remove toluene from an air stream. Their surface areas were analysed. TEM image reveals titania-silica composites were nanostructured aggregates. XRD was used to determine their crystalline phase which was 100% anatase for the titania component. A fixed bed reactor was designed and built in the laboratory, the toluene with initial concentration of 300 ppm (1149 mg/m

scholarly journals Pyrolytic toluene conversion to benzene and coke over activated carbon in a fixed-bed reactor

Fuel ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 283-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Korus ◽  
Abby Samson ◽  
Andrzej Szlęk ◽  
Anna Katelbach-Woźniak ◽  
Sławomir Sładek
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Toluene Conversion
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