Dependence of the energy released during earthquake on ambient shear stress

1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Shan Chen ◽  
Seweryn J. Duda
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Ambient Shear Stress

Study on Characteristics of Seismic Ambient Shear Stress in Gansu Province

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 1433-1437
Author(s):  
Xiu Feng Tian ◽  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Ju Pu
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Stress Field ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Seismic Shear ◽  
Tectonic Environment ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shear Stress Field ◽  
Ambient Shear Stress

The breeding and occurrence of earthquake closely related to the intensity and spatial distribution of ambient shear stress field. Earthquakes would happen when the regional shear stress enhanced to the damage limit of rocks. In this paper, we used some acceleration records in Gansu province, and calculated corresponding seismic shear stress value according to the theory put forward by Professor Chen Peishan. Combined with the tectonic environment, we discussed the relationship of ambient shear stress with the magnitude and hypocentral depth.

A comparison of tectonic ambient shear stress value in China with that in western USA

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-509
Author(s):  
Pei-shan Chen ◽  
Tong-xia Bai ◽  
Bao-kun Li
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Western Usa ◽  
Ambient Shear Stress

The molecular mechanism of mechanotransduction in vascular homeostasis and disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (17) ◽  
pp. 2399-2418
Author(s):  
Yoshito Yamashiro ◽  
Hiromi Yanagisawa
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Cell Interactions ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Cyclic Stretch ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Vascular Homeostasis ◽  
Matrix Cell

Abstract Blood vessels are constantly exposed to mechanical stimuli such as shear stress due to flow and pulsatile stretch. The extracellular matrix maintains the structural integrity of the vessel wall and coordinates with a dynamic mechanical environment to provide cues to initiate intracellular signaling pathway(s), thereby changing cellular behaviors and functions. However, the precise role of matrix–cell interactions involved in mechanotransduction during vascular homeostasis and disease development remains to be fully determined. In this review, we introduce hemodynamics forces in blood vessels and the initial sensors of mechanical stimuli, including cell–cell junctional molecules, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), multiple ion channels, and a variety of small GTPases. We then highlight the molecular mechanotransduction events in the vessel wall triggered by laminar shear stress (LSS) and disturbed shear stress (DSS) on vascular endothelial cells (ECs), and cyclic stretch in ECs and vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs)—both of which activate several key transcription factors. Finally, we provide a recent overview of matrix–cell interactions and mechanotransduction centered on fibronectin in ECs and thrombospondin-1 in SMCs. The results of this review suggest that abnormal mechanical cues or altered responses to mechanical stimuli in EC and SMCs serve as the molecular basis of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension and aortic aneurysms. Collecting evidence and advancing knowledge on the mechanotransduction in the vessel wall can lead to a new direction of therapeutic interventions for vascular diseases.

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