ABA consumption in norway spruce (Picea abies) and white spruce (Picea glauca) somatic embryo cultures

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
David I. Dunstan ◽  
Stephanie Berry ◽  
Cheryl A. Bock
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Somatic Embryo ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Embryo Cultures

Somatic embryo maturation, germination, and soil establishment of plants of black and white spruce (Picea mariana and Picea glauca)

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2583-2589 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Attree ◽  
T. E. Tautorus ◽  
D. I. Dunstan ◽  
L. C. Fowke
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Somatic Embryo ◽  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Embryo Maturation ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Somatic Embryo Maturation

Somatic embryo maturation, germination, and soil establishment frequencies were compared for two conifer species, white and black spruce (Picea glauca and Picea mariana). The comparison of the two species regenerated and established in soil under the same conditions showed black spruce to be the most responsive. Shorter exposure times to 32 μM abscisic acid were not as effective as maturation on a medium containing 16 μM abscisic acid for 28 days. This gave similar maturation frequencies for the two species (6–8%), and germination frequencies of 64% for white spruce and over 73% for black spruce. Over 1800 black and white spruce plantlets were recovered, and more than 400 were transferred from in vitro to nonsterile conditions. Sixty percent (160) of the black spruce plantlets survived transfer and continued to grow vigorously. By comparison only 18% (29) of the white spruce plantlets survived, and half of these rapidly produced dormant buds and underwent no further shoot growth. White spruce plants that did not produce dormant buds grew vigorously. These results indicate that there are large differences in the ability of these closely related species to respond to plantlet establishment following regeneration from somatic embryos, and that black spruce is highly responsive to micropropagation by this method. Key words: Picea glauca, Picea mariana, somatic embryogenesis, maturation, germination, soil establishment.

Pyrimidine metabolism during somatic embryo development in white spruce (Picea glauca)

2001 ◽  
Vol 158 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Ashihara ◽  
Natalia Loukanina ◽  
Claudio Stasolla ◽  
Trevor A. Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryo ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Pyrimidine Metabolism ◽  
Somatic Embryo Development

Subcellular localization of polyamines in embryogenie callus of white spruce (Picea glauca)

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 788-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vindhya Amarasinghe ◽  
John E. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Somatic Embryo ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Cytochemical Localization ◽  
Embryo Cells

Polyamines were localized in embryogenic callus cells of Picea glauca by the fluorescent dye o-phthalaldehyde and polyclonal antibodies raised against putrescine, spermidine, and spermine. Localization by both methods showed higher levels of polyamines in the nuclei and nucleoli than in the cytoplasm. In contrast with previous reports on cytochemical localization of polyamines in animal cells, stain was always excluded from the condensed chromatin of spruce somatic embryo cells. Key words: polyamines, cytochemistry, immunolocalization, white spruce.

Impact du charançon du pin blanc (Pissodes strobi Peck) dans les plantations d'épinettes de Norvège (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) Partie 1 : Productivité et qualité des sciages

2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaëtan Daoust ◽  
Marie-Josée Mottet
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Pissodes Strobi ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
Monetary Value ◽  
Commercial Thinning ◽  
White Pine Weevil

A study to assess the effects that major deformations in merchantable stems of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.), caused by the white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi [Peck]), have on lumber productivity and quality was performed on logs obtained from the second commercial thinning operation in three weevil-affected plantations. Deformed stems were found to be 6.3% shorter than undeformed stems and their lumber characteristics — merchantable volume, number of board feet and lumber monetary value — were 14.7%, 20.6% and 23.7% lower, respectively. However, when the respective proportions of deformed and undeformed stems were analyzed for a given plantation over a time horizon of a complete rotation, these shortfalls almost disappeared, with a loss of less than 3% being noted for total merchantable volume. The presence/absence of major deformations had no effect on visual grading of the lumber, which considers defects such as wane, knots and compression wood. For two of the three sites studied, almost 75% of the lumber was graded as Select Structural, No. 1 or No. 2. The plantation site and its characteristics (spacing and level of thinning) were found to have a more significant effect than deformations on productivity, lumber quality and monetary value. Furthermore, using the same methodology, one of the Norway spruce sites was compared with a white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss) plantation containing trees of similar quality and height but no weevil problems. The Norway spruce stems, including those with deformations, were found to yield higher merchantable and usable log volumes, a larger number of board feet and a higher monetary value than the white spruce. On average, for the diameter-at-breast-height values tested — 14 to 23 cm — the monetary value of the lumber was 26% higher for Norway spruce. These findings are largely attributable to the less pronounced taper of Norway spruce. In conclusion, in spite of weevil attacks and its negative impact, Norway spruce trees growing on sites of moderate to very good quality maintain lumber potential, in terms of both quantity and quality for second thinning logs. The negative impact should gradually diminish at the time of next thinnings and final harvest. Key words: white pine weevil, Pissodes strobi (Peck), Norway spruce, Picea abies (L.) Karst., wood quality, plantation, productivity

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