The reaction of low levels of nitrogen dioxide with methyl linoleate in the presence and absence of oxygen

Lipids ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aris A. Gallon ◽  
William A. Pryor
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Linoleate ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Presence And Absence

scholarly journals Effects of Bicarbonate on the Respiration and Glycolytic Activity of Boar Spermatozoa

1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
RN Murdoch ◽  
WD Davis
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Glycolytic Activity ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Presence And Absence ◽  
Boar Spermatozoa

The metabolism of washed boar spermatozoa was studied in the presence and absence of low levels of bicarbonate (6 mM) and carbon dioxide (2 %). Bicarbonate stimulated the oxygen consumption of the spermatozoa but had no apparent effect on glycolysis. The stimulatory effect of bicarbonate on respiration depended on the presence of a utilizable exogenous energy source such as glucose, fructose, lactate, or pyruvate and no stimulation occurred when no substrate was added or when acetate was used as substrate. The response of the spermatozoa to bicarbonate also depended on the presence of adequate concentrations of potassium (5 mM) and to a lesser extent magnesium (1 mM).

scholarly journals Effect of Efflux on Telithromycin and Macrolide Susceptibility in Haemophilus influenzae

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 893-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Bogdanovich ◽  
Bülent Bozdogan ◽  
Peter C. Appelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Efflux Pumps ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Presence And Absence

ABSTRACT This study investigated the presence of telithromycin and azithromycin efflux in 58 clinical strains of Haemophilus influenzae with various susceptibilities to macrolides, azalides, and ketolides. Efflux pumps were studied by measuring accumulation of radioactive [3H]telithromycin and [N-methyl-3H]azithromycin in the presence and absence of carbonyl m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), a protonophore. In 17 strains for which the telithromycin MICs were 0.06 to 0.5 μg/ml (azithromycin MICs, ≤0.06 to 0.125 μg/ml; clarithromycin MICs, ≤0.06 to 2 μg/ml), telithromycin and azithromycin accumulations were high without CCCP and not affected by its addition, which indicates absence of efflux. In 22 strains for which the telithromycin MICs were 0.25 to 4 μg/ml (azithromycin MICs, 0.25 to 1 μg/ml; clarithromycin MICs, 1 to 8 μg/ml), initially low levels of telithromycin accumulation became higher after addition of CCCP, indicating a functioning efflux pump. Nineteen strains for which the telithromycin MICs were ≥2 μg/ml had efflux as well as various mutations in ribosomal proteins L4, L22, and/or 23S rRNA (domains II and V). Of these 19 strains, the telithromycin MICs (≥8 μg/ml) for 17 of them were significantly raised (azithromycin, MICs 4 to >32 μg/ml; clarithromycin MICs, 8 to >32 μg/ml). From these results we conclude that telithromycin efflux with or without additional ribosomal alterations is present in all H. influenzae strains, except for those for which the telithromycin MICs were very low.

scholarly journals Serum and Lung Clearance of Exogenous Horseradish Peroxidase: Influence of Low Levels of Nitrogen Dioxide

1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell P. Sherwin ◽  
Dave T. Okimoto ◽  
Dorothy Mundy ◽  
Valda Richters
Keyword(s):  
Horseradish Peroxidase ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Protein Transport ◽  
Molecular Probe ◽  
Enzyme Kinetic ◽  
Kinetic Assay ◽  
Lung Clearance ◽  
Tissue Homogenates ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Lung And Kidney

Serum and tissue homogenates of lung and kidney from 264 mice, half of which had been exposed to continuous or intermittent nitrogen dioxide (NO3 at levels of 0.5 ppm, 0.6 ppm, and 0.8 ppm in three independent experiments, were assayed for intravenously introduced horseradish peroxidase (HRP), a molecular probe for protein leakage. Disc gel elec-trophoresis and enzyme kinetic assays were used independently to quantitate HRP content after 3 and 6 weeks of NO2 exposure, and at 5.5 hr after HRP injection. Of 6 test periods, 5 showed a greater lung HRP content for the NO2, exposed animals by gel scan analysis, and 3 of the 5 increases were statistically significant (p >.05, p >.025, and p >.0025). Similar trends were noted with the HRP kinetic assay. Serum and kidney comparisons showed no consistent differences; 1 of 6 test periods for each was statistically significant. The findings implicate an NO2, induced overload of the bidirectional protein transport system of the lung.

NUTRITION AND METABOLISM OF MARINE BACTERIA: VI. QUANTITATIVE REQUIREMENT FOR HALIDES, MAGNESIUM, CALCIUM, AND IRON

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 753-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. MacLeod ◽  
E. Onofrey
Keyword(s):  
Marine Bacteria ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Optimum Growth ◽  
Absolute Requirement ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Presence And Absence

A study has been made of the specificity of the requirement of some marine bacteria for halides, magnesium, calcium, and iron and of their quantitative requirements for these ions in the presence and absence of related ions.All of the organisms investigated either required or responded to the addition of Cl− to the medium. Br− could replace Cl− but somewhat less readily, while I− was toxic. For organism B-16, which required the addition of Mg++ but not Ca++ to the medium, the amount of Mg++ required for maximum growth varied with the level of Ca++ present. At low levels, a marked sparing action of Ca++ was evident, while at higher concentrations of Ca++ some antagonism between the ions was detected. Sr++ also spared the Mg++ requirement of this organism. For B-9, which required both Mg++ and Ca++, Mg++ could be shown to spare the need for Ca++.An absolute requirement of one organism for Fe++ was demonstrated. Ni++ and Co++ showed no sparing action and proved to be toxic at a level at which Fe++ produced an optimum growth response.

The mutagenic activity of the products of ozone reaction with propylene in the presence and absence of nitrogen dioxide

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1094-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul B. Shepson ◽  
Tadeusz E. Kleindienst ◽  
Edward O. Edney ◽  
Larry T. Cupitt ◽  
Larry D. Claxton
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Presence And Absence

Antithrombin Oslo: Type Ib Classification of the First Reported Antithrombin-Deficient Family, with a Review of Hereditary Antithrombin Variants

1988 ◽  
Vol 59 (03) ◽  
pp. 468-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mae B Hultin ◽  
John McKay ◽  
Ulrich Abildgaard
Keyword(s):  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Type I ◽  
Antithrombin Deficiency ◽  
Abnormal Protein ◽  
Crossed Immunoelectrophoresis ◽  
Abnormal Pattern ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Presence And Absence ◽  
Deficiency Type

SummaryPatients with classical antithrombin deficiency (Type I) from seven unrelated kindreds were studied by crossed immunoelectrophoresis of plasma in the presence and absence of heparin. The only abnormal pattern was found in the kindred first reported by Egeberg in 1965. An abnormal cathodal peak of antithrombin antigen was found in the presence, but not the absence, of heparin in the first dimension gel. We have named this variant antithrombin Oslo. Such evidence of an abnormal protein, despite equivalent low levels of antithrombin antigen and activity, has been denoted previously by Sas as Type Ib deficiency. In the context of this new report, we review the literature to date on 33 other variants of the Types Ib, II and III subclassifications with a discussion of the value of the classification scheme.

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