Fatty acid synthesis in the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis): Incorporation of acetate by tissue slices of the developing fruit

Lipids ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaik-Cheang Oo ◽  
Sau-Keen Teh ◽  
Hun-Teik Khor ◽  
Augustine S. H. Ong
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Tissue Slices

scholarly journals NUTRITIONAL FACTORS IN FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS BY TISSUE SLICES IN VITRO

1952 ◽  
Vol 197 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace. Medes ◽  
Alice. Thomas ◽  
Sidney. Weinhouse
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Nutritional Factors

scholarly journals Control analysis of lipid biosynthesis in tissue cultures from oil crops shows that flux control is shared between fatty acid synthesis and lipid assembly

2002 ◽  
Vol 364 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umi S. RAMLI ◽  
Darren S. BAKER ◽  
Patti A. QUANT ◽  
John L. HARWOOD
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Lipid Biosynthesis ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Flux Control ◽  
Oil Crops

Top-Down (Metabolic) Control Analysis (TDCA) was used to examine, quantitatively, lipid biosynthesis in tissue cultures from two commercially important oil crops, olive (Olea europaea L.) and oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). A conceptually simplified system was defined comprising two blocks of reactions: fatty acid synthesis (Block A) and lipid assembly (Block B), which produced and consumed, respectively, a common and unique system intermediate, cytosolic acyl-CoA. We manipulated the steady-state levels of the system intermediate by adding exogenous oleic acid and, using two independent assays, measured the effect of the addition on the system fluxes (JA and JB). These were the rate of incorporation of radioactivity: (i) through Block A from [1-14C]acetate into fatty acids and (ii) via Block B from [U-14C]glycerol into complex lipids respectively. The data showed that fatty acid formation (Block A) exerted higher control than lipid assembly (Block B) in both tissues with the following group flux control coefficients (C):(i) Oil palm: ∗CJTLBlkB = 0.64±0.05 and ∗CJTLBlkB = 0.36±0.05(ii) Olive: ∗CJTLBlkB =0.57±0.10 and ∗CJTLBlkB = 0.43±0.10where ∗C indicates the group flux control coefficient over the lipid biosynthesis flux (JTL) and the subscripts BlkA and BlkB refer to defined blocks of the system, Block A and Block B. Nevertheless, because both parts of the lipid biosynthetic pathway exert significant flux control, we suggest strongly that manipulation of single enzyme steps will not affect product yield appreciably. The present study represents the first use of TDCA to examine the overall lipid biosynthetic pathway in any tissue, and its findings are of immediate academic and economic relevance to the yield and nutritional quality of oil crops.

scholarly journals Metabolic adaptations during lactogenesis. Fatty acid and lactose synthesis in cow mammary tissue

1973 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Mellenberger ◽  
D. E. Bauman ◽  
D. R. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Acetate Incorporation ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Lactose Synthesis

1. Mammary-tissue biopsies were obtained from multiparous cows at 30 and 7 days pre partum and 7 and 40 days post partum. Investigations of the effect of lactogenesis on fatty acid and lactose synthesis involved measurements of biosynthetic capacity (tissue-slice incubations in vitro) and activities of relevant enzymes. 2. Fatty acid synthesis from acetate increased over 20-fold from 30 days pre partum to 40 days post partum. Changes in the lipogenic capacity of mammary-tissue slices more closely paralleled increases in the activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.2) and acetyl-CoA synthetase (EC 6.2.1.1) than of other enzymes involved in acetate incorporation into fatty acids or in NADPH generation. 3. Lactose biosynthesis by mammary-tissue slices, lactose synthetase activity (EC 2.4.1.22) and α-lactalbumin concentration were all negligible at 30 days pre partum but increased 2.5–4-fold between 7 days pre partum and 40 days post partum. Phosphoglucomutase (EC 2.7.5.1), UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (EC 2.7.7.9) and UDP-glucose 4-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.2) had substantial activities at 30 days pre partum and increased less dramatically during lactogenesis. 4. Results are consistent with acetyl-CoA carboxylase and perhaps acetyl-CoA synthetase representing the regulatory enzyme(s) in fatty acid synthesis, with lactose synthetase (α-lactalbumin) serving a similar function in lactose biosynthesis.

Pulmonary fatty acid synthesis. I. Mitochondrial acetyl transfer by rat lung in vitro.

1977 ◽  
Vol 232 (4) ◽  
pp. E358
Author(s):  
R M Evans ◽  
R W Scholz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Acetyl Transfer

Incorporation of tritiated water into fatty acids by rat adipose tissue and lung tissue slices incubated with 5 mM glucose indicated a level of fatty acid synthesis in rat lung approximately 15% that observed in adipose tissue in vitro. (-)-Hydroxycitrate, and inhibitor of ATP citrate lyase, markedly reduced tritiated water incorporation into fatty acids by lung tissue slices. The effects of (-)-hydroxycitrate and n-butymalonate on the incorporation of 14C-labeled glucose, pyruvate, acetate, and citrate suggested that citrate is a major acetyl carrier for de novo fatty acid synthesis in lung tissue. Alternative mechanisms to citrate as an acetyl carrier were also considered. Lung mitochondrial preparations formed significant levels of acetylcarnitine in the presence of pyruvate and carnitine. However, the effect of carnitine on the incorporation of 14C-labeled glucose, pyruvate, acetate, and citrate into fatty acids by lung tissue slices indicated that acetylcarnitine may not be a significant acetyl carrier for fatty acid synthesis but may serve as an acetyl "buffer" in the control of mitochondrial acetyl-CoA levels. Additionally, it appears unlikely that either acetylaspartate or acetoacetate are of major importance in acetyl transfer in lung tissue.

In silico Mapping and Structure Analysis of Key Enzyme Genes in Fatty Acid Synthesis of Soybean

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1942-1947
Author(s):  
Wan-Kun SONG ◽  
Ming-Xi ZHU ◽  
Yang-Lin ZHAO ◽  
Jing WANG ◽  
Wen-Fu LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
In Silico Mapping ◽  
Key Enzyme
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