Use of wall-type electromagnetic velocity gauges to measure flow rate in largediameter water pipes

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 433-444
Author(s):  
L. D. Perfil'eva ◽  
N. V. Terekhina
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Measure Flow Rate ◽  
Water Pipes

scholarly journals TO STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF SOLAR WATER HEATER USING VARIOUS MASS FLOW RATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Sunaina Sailani
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
The Body ◽  
Solar Water Heater ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Water Pipes ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Circulating Water

Solar water heater is a device which is used for heating the water using of sun energy. This system is connected like as storage tank, centrifugal pump, pipes and glass. The circulating flexible water pipes are connected with the metallic pipe, which are assembled with the body. The solar radiation are achieving from sun and passing although glass and collector for the purpose of the heating the circulating water. In this way we are achieving the various temperatures using of circulating pump.

Experimental Study of Various Porosity of Fractal Flow Conditioner for Orifice Plate Flowmeters

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 915-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bukhari Manshoor ◽  
Mohd Fahmi Othman ◽  
Izzuddin Zaman ◽  
Zamani Ngali ◽  
Amir Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Orifice Plate ◽  
Rate Data ◽  
Plant Industry ◽  
Measure Flow Rate

The plant industry is required to measure flow rate more accurately to meet plant operation and cost accounting objectives. The opposing concern of improving flow meter accuracy is resolved by using flow conditioners. The distance of implementation of flow conditioner upstream of the orifice plate flowmeter is also need to be addressed. Hence, in present study, an analysis of the porosity of fractal flow conditioner towards orifice plate flowmeter’s accuracy and the best distance of fractal flow conditioner upstream of the orifice plate flowmeter was determined. In an experimental work, a different porosity of the fractal flow conditioners were installed with different distance upstream of the orifice plate in conjunction with the different disturbances to assess the effects of these devices on the measurement of the mass flow rate. Data gained for all the plates showed that there is increment of pressure drop and change in discharge coefficient of the orifice with lower β value of fractal flow conditioner. Good comparisons with the previous experimental work demonstrate the fractal flow conditioner can preserve the accuracy of metering up to the level required in the standards.

Research on the Field Test Methods of Flow Rate and Water Level of Urban Drainage Pumping Stations

2013 ◽  
Vol 718-720 ◽  
pp. 903-907
Author(s):  
Jian Gang Feng ◽  
Li Feng Bu ◽  
You Wei Xu ◽  
Bin Mao
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Measure Flow Rate ◽  
Pumping Station ◽  
Pumping Stations

The flow rate and water level measure is one key work of the pumping station field test. And the reliable, applicable, economic and effective measurement method and instruments are the key decisive factors of the field test. The urban drainage pumping stations usually pump sewage, and its inlet structure and outlet structure generally use closed arrangement. These make the flow rate and water level measurement of the field test become complicated. Based on the characteristics of urban drainage pumping station, this paper analyzed the measurement methods of flow rate and water level parameters of the field test for urban drainage pumping station. In combination with a field test case for an urban drainage pumping station, this paper demonstrated how to choose the reliable, applicable, economic and effective measurement method to measure flow rate and water level parameters.

Identification of Characteristic Parameters for Hydrostatic Bearings

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kang ◽  
S.-Y. Hu ◽  
Y.-P. Chang ◽  
T.-P. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Measure Flow Rate ◽  
Hydrostatic Bearing ◽  
Supply Pressure ◽  
Hydrostatic Bearings ◽  
Design Values

ABSTRACTThis study proposes a method to identify the characteristic parameters of hydrostatic bearing. When load or supply pressure changed, the inlet and outlet pressures of restrictor, flow rate and worktable displacement are examined for establish identification equations. The practical values of the characteristic parameters can be obtained by minimizing the differences between measure flow rate and identify flow rate. The differences between practical and design values of these parameters can be used to calibrate design parameters for satisfying the requirements.

scholarly journals Development of Forced Convection Heat Transfer Enhancement System by using Mesh Inserts in a Circular Tube

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash D. Sapkal ◽  
Akash A Pawar ◽  
Shridhar V Kulkarni ◽  
Umesh B Andh ◽  
Digambar T Kashid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Forced Convection ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Test Section ◽  
Circular Tube ◽  
Convection Heat Transfer ◽  
Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Measure Flow Rate ◽  
Maximum Heat ◽  
Maximum Heat Transfer

In the present work, aluminium mesh type inserts flow has been developed. The aluminium meshes are arranged on spokes at the angle of 00, 450, 900 concerning horizontal are inserted in the test section to create turbulence. To carry out an experimental investigation using this mesh inserts, we have developed a forced convection system. In this system, we have wounded three 200 Volt heaters over a 500 mm test section of 25 mm diameter respectively. The input to the heater is controlled by a variable dimmer stat, and the mass flow rate is controlled by an orifice meter with a diameter of 25 mm across which the manometer is connected to measure flow rate. Experiments were carried out at Reynolds number greater than 4000. The experimental setup was validated first and readings with different inserts were taken. This led to the conclusion that the rate of heat transfer was improved by using mesh inserts inclined at an angle 00, 450, and 900. Among these, the inserts inclined at 450 angles showed maximum heat transfer rate i.e., 37.44%, 29.95%, and 38.40% for the manometric reading of 5 mm, 4 mm, and 3 mm respectively.

A Novel Reconstitution Method for Inducing the Formation of Regular 2-Dimensional Arrays of Membrane Proteins and Lipids

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 152-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Engel ◽  
A. Holzenburg ◽  
K. Stauffer ◽  
J. Rosenbusch ◽  
U. Aebi
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Electron Crystallography ◽  
Peltier Element ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
3 Dimensional

Reconstitution of solubilized and purified membrane proteins in the presence of phospholipids into vesicles allows their functions to be studied by simple bulk measurements (e.g. diffusion of differently sized solutes) or by conductance measurements after transformation into planar membranes. On the other hand, reconstitution into regular protein-lipid arrays, usually forming at a specific lipid-to-protein ratio, provides the basis for determining the 3-dimensional structure of membrane proteins employing the tools of electron crystallography.To refine reconstitution conditions for reproducibly inducing formation of large and highly ordered protein-lipid membranes that are suitable for both electron crystallography and patch clamping experiments aimed at their functional characterization, we built a flow-dialysis device that allows precise control of temperature and flow-rate (Fig. 1). The flow rate is generated by a peristaltic pump and can be adjusted from 1 to 500 ml/h. The dialysis buffer is brought to a preselected temperature during its travel through a meandering path before it enters the dialysis reservoir. A Z-80 based computer controls a Peltier element allowing the temperature profile to be programmed as function of time.

Novel epoxy/anhydride alternatives for biological electron microscopy: Physical and performance characteristis of embed 812 and LX 112 in combination with NSA/NMA/DMAE

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 1000-1001
Author(s):  
Joe A. Mascorro ◽  
Gerald S. Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Succinic Anhydride ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Base Resin ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Acid Anhydrides

Embedding media based upon an epoxy resin of choice and the acid anhydrides dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DDSA), nadic methyl anhydride (NMA), and catalyzed by the tertiary amine 2,4,6-Tri(dimethylaminomethyl) phenol (DMP-30) are widely used in biological electron microscopy. These media possess a viscosity character that can impair tissue infiltration, particularly if original Epon 812 is utilized as the base resin. Other resins that are considerably less viscous than Epon 812 now are available as replacements. Likewise, nonenyl succinic anhydride (NSA) and dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) are more fluid than their counterparts DDSA and DMP- 30 commonly used in earlier formulations. This work utilizes novel epoxy and anhydride combinations in order to produce embedding media with desirable flow rate and viscosity parameters that, in turn, would allow the medium to optimally infiltrate tissues. Specifically, embeding media based on EmBed 812 or LX 112 with NSA (in place of DDSA) and DMAE (replacing DMP-30), with NMA remaining constant, are formulated and offered as alternatives for routine biological work.Individual epoxy resins (Table I) or complete embedding media (Tables II-III) were tested for flow rate and viscosity. The novel media were further examined for their ability to infilftrate tissues, polymerize, sectioning and staining character, as well as strength and stability to the electron beam and column vacuum. For physical comparisons, a volume (9 ml) of either resin or media was aspirated into a capillary viscocimeter oriented vertically. The material was then allowed to flow out freely under the influence of gravity and the flow time necessary for the volume to exit was recored (Col B,C; Tables). In addition, the volume flow rate (ml flowing/second; Col D, Tables) was measured. Viscosity (n) could then be determined by using the Hagen-Poiseville relation for laminar flow, n = c.p/Q, where c = a geometric constant from an instrument calibration with water, p = mass density, and Q = volume flow rate. Mass weight and density of the materials were determined as well (Col F,G; Tables). Infiltration schedules utilized were short (1/2 hr 1:1, 3 hrs full resin), intermediate (1/2 hr 1:1, 6 hrs full resin) , or long (1/2 hr 1:1, 6 hrs full resin) in total time. Polymerization schedules ranging from 15 hrs (overnight) through 24, 36, or 48 hrs were tested. Sections demonstrating gold interference colors were collected on unsupported 200- 300 mesh grids and stained sequentially with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.

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