Foam generators with air ejection by the foam-forming solution

1975 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-451
Author(s):  
M. I. Fes’kov ◽  
A. D. Buyanov
Keyword(s):  
Air Ejection ◽  
Foam Forming

Upscaling of foam forming technology for pilot scale

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
JANI LEHMONEN ◽  
TIMO RANTANEN ◽  
KARITA KINNUNEN-RAUDASKOSKI
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Foam Density ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Forming Technology ◽  
Wet Pressing ◽  
Foam Forming ◽  
Board Industry

The need for production cost savings and changes in the global paper and board industry during recent years have been constants. Changes in the global paper and board industry during past years have increased the need for more cost-efficient processes and production technologies. It is known that in paper and board production, foam typically leads to problems in the process rather than improvements in production efficiency. Foam forming technology, where foam is used as a carrier phase and a flowing medium, exploits the properties of dispersive foam. In this study, the possibility of applying foam forming technology to paper applications was investigated using a pilot scale paper forming environment modified for foam forming from conventional water forming. According to the results, the shape of jet-to-wire ratios was the same in both forming methods, but in the case of foam forming, the achieved scale of jet-to-wire ratio and MD/CD-ratio were wider and not behaving sensitively to shear changes in the forming section as a water forming process would. This kind of behavior would be beneficial when upscaling foam technology to the production scale. The dryness results after the forming section indicated the improvement in dewatering, especially when foam density was at the lowest level (i.e., air content was at the highest level). In addition, the dryness results after the pressing section indicated a faster increase in the dryness level as a function of foam density, with all density levels compared to the corresponding water formed sheets. According to the study, the bonding level of water- and foam-laid structures were at the same level when the highest wet pressing value was applied. The results of the study show that the strength loss often associated with foam forming can be compensated for successfully through wet pressing.

Foam forming: an effective approach to fabricate highly bulky, uniform and soft reconstituted tobacco sheets

Cellulose ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunxi Song ◽  
Zeshi Wu ◽  
Jiaojun Tan ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Meiyun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foam Forming

Benchmarking new wood fibre–based sound absorbing material made with a foam-forming technique

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 131-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiina Pöhler ◽  
Petri Jetsu ◽  
Heikki Isomoisio
Keyword(s):  
Wood Fibre ◽  
Absorbing Material ◽  
Foam Forming

A new method of biological start-up in Arak activated sludge wastewater treatment plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdolreza Khalili ◽  
Mohammad Reza Mohebi ◽  
Mohammad Mohebi ◽  
Farideh Ashouri
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
New Method ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Similar Treatment ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Seed Saving ◽  
Foam Forming

Starting up a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is one of the most important stages of operation. A new method was used to start Arak activated sludge WWTP up, which took in advantages of the other methods. Primarily just one of the basins was in the lane and wastewater entered the plant part by part. At first 1/30, second week 1/15, third week 1/6, and fourth week 1/3 of total inflow came to the plant. Observing little progress of biomass gain, some sludge from a similar treatment plant was added to the system, as seed. This procedure continued so the MLSS of the system, attained the 1/3 total design MLSS which was design MLSS of one basin. In the next two weeks, by using developed sludge of the self-system the second and third basins came in the lane and inflow increased to 2/3 and total flow, respectively. Finally after two months of beginning the start-up and one month after adding the seed total desired biomass was developed and the plant started to waste sludge. Because of cold weather start-up period took a longer time than expected. But even before developing biomass environment friendly results were achieved. After attaining design MLSS, BOD5 and COD removal from 40% and 60% increased to 90% and TSS removal from 70% reached to 96%. Less loading, less foam forming, no bacteriologic and chemical problems, better process control, using less seed, saving costs in sludge transport and avoiding relevant problems were the main advantages of this method.

scholarly journals The AWA1 Gene Is Required for the Foam-Forming Phenotype and Cell Surface Hydrophobicity of Sake Yeast

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 2018-2025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Shimoi ◽  
Kazutoshi Sakamoto ◽  
Masaki Okuda ◽  
Ratchanee Atthi ◽  
Kazuhiro Iwashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Characteristic Sequences ◽  
Foam Forming ◽  
Almost All

ABSTRACT Sake, a traditional alcoholic beverage in Japan, is brewed with sake yeasts, which are classified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Almost all sake yeasts form a thick foam layer on sake mash during the fermentation process because of their cell surface hydrophobicity, which increases the cells' affinity for bubbles. To reduce the amount of foam, nonfoaming mutants were bred from foaming sake yeasts. Nonfoaming mutants have hydrophilic cell surfaces and no affinity for bubbles. We have cloned a gene from a foam-forming sake yeast that confers foaming ability to a nonfoaming mutant. This gene was named AWA1 and structures of the gene and its product were analyzed. The N- and C-terminal regions of Awa1p have the characteristic sequences of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor protein. The entire protein is rich in serine and threonine residues and has a lot of repetitive sequences. These results suggest that Awa1p is localized in the cell wall. This was confirmed by immunofluorescence microscopy and Western blotting analysis using hemagglutinin-tagged Awa1p. Moreover, an awa1 disruptant of sake yeast was hydrophilic and showed a nonfoaming phenotype in sake mash. We conclude that Awa1p is a cell wall protein and is required for the foam-forming phenotype and the cell surface hydrophobicity of sake yeast.

scholarly journals EXPLOITATION OF GAS WELLS IN LATE STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF GAS FIELDS

2017 ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Panikarovskii ◽  
E. V. Panikarovskii
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Bottom Hole ◽  
Basic Technology ◽  
Water Cut ◽  
Foam Forming ◽  
Gas Fields

At late stage of development of gas fields they need to solve the specific issues of increasing the production rate of wells and decreasing water cut. The available experience of development of gas and gas condensate fields proves, that the most effective method of removing of water, accumulating in wells, is an injection into the bottom hole zone of foam-forming compositions, based on surfactants. The most technological in the application was the use of solid and liquid surfactants. Installation in wells of lift columns of smaller diameter ensured the removal of liquid from the bottom hole of wells, but after few month of exploitation the conditions of removal of liquid from the bottom hole of wells deteriorate. The technologies of concentric lift systems and plunger-lift systems are used in small number of wells. The basic technology for removal of liquid from bottom hole of gas wells at present time is the technology of treatment of bottom hole of wells with solid surfactants.

Exceptional pore size distribution in foam-formed fibre networks

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad M. Al-Qararah ◽  
Tuomo Hjelt ◽  
Karita Kinnunen ◽  
Nikolai Beletski ◽  
Jukka Ketoja
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size Distribution ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Bubble Size ◽  
Bubble Size Distribution ◽  
Mechanical Mixing ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Fibre Network ◽  
Foam Properties ◽  
Foam Forming

Abstract Foam forming leads to sheet structures with exceptional volume of large pores. The link between fibre network structure and foam properties is investigated by comparing pore structure with measured bubble-size distribution. In foams produced by mechanical mixing, higher rotor speed leads to smaller average bubble size, whereas the effects coming from air content and surfactant are smaller and non-systematic. A significant drop in the average bubble size is seen when mixing fibres to foam. In sheets made with foam forming, there are more large pores compared to the water formed sheets. The size of these pores is affected by the sizes of the bubbles in the foam. Overall, pore size distribution is more strongly affected by the fibre type than by small changes in bubble size distribution.

Effect of Rock Type and Brine Composition on Adsorption of Two Foam-Forming Surfactants

1993 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 212-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Mannhardt ◽  
L.L. Schramm ◽  
J.J. Novosad
Keyword(s):  
Rock Type ◽  
Foam Forming

scholarly journals Drainage of high-consistency fiber-laden aqueous foams

Cellulose ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (16) ◽  
pp. 9637-9652
Author(s):  
Antti I. Koponen ◽  
Oleg Timofeev ◽  
Ari Jäsberg ◽  
Harri Kiiskinen
Keyword(s):  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
Mechanical Pressure ◽  
Moisture Profile ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Drainage Rate ◽  
High Uniformity ◽  
Thermal Drying ◽  
High Consistency ◽  
Foam Forming

AbstractLightweight lignocellulosic fibrous materials (LLFMs) offer a sustainable and biodegradable alternative in many applications. Enthusiastic interest in these materials has recently grown together with the newly risen interest in foam forming. Foam bubbles restrain fiber flocculation, and foam formed structures have high uniformity. Moreover, the bubbles support the fibrous structure during manufacturing enabling the formation of highly porous structures. Mechanical pressure cannot be applied in the manufacture of LLFMs as the materials would lose their porous structure. Water is therefore typically removed by a combination of drainage and thermal drying. Thermal drying of porous materials has been studied intensively. However, there are only a few studies on the drainage of fiber-laden foams. Thus, in this work, we conducted a systematic analysis of this topic. Our findings show that after drainage a stationary vertical moisture profile similar to that of pure foams is developed. Raising the initial fiber consistency was found to increase the final fiber consistency of the foam until the drainage ceased. Increasing mold height was found to increase the final consistency considerably. Without vacuum and heating, the shrinkage of samples during drainage was only slightly higher than the volume of the drained water. Drainage rate and final consistency increased clearly with increasing vacuum, but simultaneously sample shrinkage increased considerably. The best compromise was obtained with a vacuum of 0.5 kPa, which increased the final consistency by 60% without extra shrinkage. Using warm foam and heating the foam during drainage increased the final consistency considerably, but this also led to significant shrinkage of the sample.

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