Effects of spermidine on chlorophyll content, photosynthetic activity and chloroplast ultrastructure in the dark and under light

1990 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che-Jun Pjon ◽  
Sok-dong Kim ◽  
Jun-yong Pak
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Chloroplast Ultrastructure

scholarly journals Improvement of the photosynthetic activity of Moldavian dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) through foliar application of a nitrophenolate–based biostimulant

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 01009
Author(s):  
Sławomir Kocira ◽  
Agnieszka Sujak ◽  
Tomasz Oniszczuk ◽  
Agnieszka Szparaga ◽  
Mariusz Szymanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Reported Study

Application of biostimulants instigates many physiological processes that enhance nutrition efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance, and quality traits of crops, regardless of their nutrient content. One of such preparations is Atonik which contains nitrophenol compounds naturally occurring in plant cells. Several studies have confirmed its beneficial effect on the growth, development, and improved metabolic activity of plants. Therefore, it seems advisable to investigate the effect of Atonik preparation on the photosynthetic activity of Moldavian dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.). The reported study was carried out in 2014 in Perespa, Poland. Over the growing season, Atonik was foliar-applied at a dose of 0.3 L/ha (0.1%) and 0.6 L/ha (0.2%) by single and double spraying of plants. Chlorophyll content and nitrogen status (N) were estimated by a Chlorophyll Meter SPAD-502 Plus. The foliar application of Atonik was found to improve the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus and chlorophyll content in the leaves of Dracocephalum moldavica plants, but the results were dependent on biostimulant concentration and number of its applications, and on the date of measurement. To conclude, Atonik is an environmental-friendly preparation which has a positive impact on the metabolic processes of plants.

scholarly journals Variations of Chlorophyll Content at Abies alba and Nepeta pannonica Species According to Phenophase and Harvesting Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
S. Buhăianu ◽  
Doina Carmen Jităreanu
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Yellow Coloration ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Chlorophyll A Content

Abstract Chlorophylls from plants are photosynthetic pigments. Their quantity offers valuable informations about photosynthetic activity, growing and developing of plants. Photosynthetic pigments decrease quantitatively during senescence process or in stress conditions. The present study has been realized in laboratory conditions with material harvested from spontaneous flora. The purpose of this research was the investigation of variations of chlorophyll content from samples of biological material collected from Nepeta pannonica L. and Abies alba Mill. plants, from Câmpulung Moldovenesc and Cacica areas, Suceava county, Romania. The targeted phenophases were growth and flowering. There were realized acetonic extracts from samples for spectrophotometric determinations. Obtained data were processed to estabilish chlorophyll a and b content. There were observed that at Abies alba species, from both locations, the chlorophyll a content grew during flowering phenophase, while the chlorophyll b content had little variations. At Nepeta pannonica species, the chlorophyll a and b content decreased visibly during the flowering, due to stress. Leaves of plants from this species presented a intense green color in the growing phenophase, while during flowering phenophase they had a purple or yellow coloration. Obtained results revealed a different dynamics of chlorophyll content at studied species.

scholarly journals Brassinosteroids Regulate Antioxidant System and Protect Chloroplast Ultrastructure of Autotoxicity-Stressed Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Seedlings

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Yang ◽  
Muhammad Azher Nawaz ◽  
Fuxin Li ◽  
Lisha Bai ◽  
Jie Li
Keyword(s):  
Net Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Chloroplast Ultrastructure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L

Autotoxicity is a common problem being faced in protected vegetable cultivation system. Phytoremediation of plant autotoxicity is an emerging concept to minimize deterioration of soil environment and reduction of yield and quality of vegetable crops. Brassinosteroids (BRs) have been reported as a potential phytohormone to assist phytoremediation. However, the effects of BRs-induced autotoxicity stress on plant growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant defense system are poorly understood. Hence, we focused on the changes in physiological characteristics and ultrastructure of cucumber leaves in response to the application of 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) under autotoxicity stress conditions. The results showed that leaf area, plant height, fresh weight and dry weight of cucumber were obviously decreased under autotoxicity stress conditions. EBR application obviously improved the phenotypic characteristics of cucumber seedlings. Chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of cucumber leaves were markedly reduced under autotoxicity stress conditions. Application of EBR improved the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a by 15.80%, chlorophyll b by 18.70% and total chlorophyll content by 17.30%), net photosynthetic rate by 36.40% and stomatal opening of leaves under autotoxicity stress conditions. EBR application also maintained the integrity of chloroplast and thylakoid structures under autotoxicity stress conditions. The activity of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and antioxidative compounds ascorbate (AsA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents were markedly decreased, however, these were obviously increased after EBR application under autotoxicity stress. EBR application also increased the soluble sugar and protein, and proline concentration by 59.70%, 7.22% and 36.58%, respectively in the leaves of cucumber, decreased malondialdehyde by 24.13% and reactive oxygen species contents (H2O2 by 35.17%, O2− by 12.01% and •OH by 16.59%), and reduced the relative permeability of the cell membrane by 14.31%. These findings suggest that EBR application enhanced the photosynthetic capacity of leaves, maintained the integrity of chloroplast and thylakoid structures, and effectively alleviated the damage of membrane caused by lipid peroxidation and root damage under autotoxicity stress conditions. The growth inhibition effect of autotoxicity stress on cucumber was reduced by EBR application.

Variation in Chlorophyll a and b in the Seagrass Halodule in Central Visayas, Philippines

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
BILLY THEODORUS WAGEY
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Marine Ecology ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Photosynthetic Performances ◽  
Plastic Responses ◽  
One Way Anova

Chlorophyll content of seagrass leaves varies among species and habitats byat least a factor of five, and shows plastic responses to seasonal variations in light availability as well as direct experimental manipulation. This study generally attempted to observe the relative amount of chlorophyll a, b content of Haloduleuninervis and Halodule pinifolia in Central Visayas, Philippines in relation tothese environmental factors which are: exposure, density, temperature, and lightintensity. Chlorophyll was determined using the equation of Jeffrey and Humprey(1975) whereas data gathered went through one way ANOVA followed byTukey’s Test. Significant variations were found in most photosynthetic parametersmeasured in this study. Overall, H. uninervis and H. pinifolia seems to obtainoptimal photosynthetic performances over a broad range of irradiances. Mainly,genus Halodule can be seen as a highlight species, which has also the ability to acclimate to low irradiances. in general, the result indicated that seagrasses tend to decrease the ratio of chlorophyll a:b by increasing the amount of chlorophyllb to compensate for the decline in light intensity in subtidal areas. Therefore, H.uninervis and H. pinifolia seem to have the ability of adjusting their chlorophyllcontent in performing optimal photosynthetic activity over a broad range of irradiance regimes.Keywords: Marine Ecology, chlorophyll content, seagrass, Halodule, experimental design,Philippines

Intraseasonal variation in chlorophyll content and chloroplast ultrastructure of selected plant species in a deciduous forest

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (13) ◽  
pp. 1504-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. Floyd ◽  
R. D. Noble
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
Chloroplast Ultrastructure ◽  
Quercus Alba ◽  
Canopy Closure ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Intraseasonal Variation ◽  
Starch Grains

Chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a – chlorophyll b ratios were determined at regular intervals over a 3-month period for eight forest species selected from different levels in a deciduous forest. Chloroplast ultrastructure and starch content were investigated in five of the eight species, chosen to be representative of each level.Chlorophyll a – chlorophyll b ratios for Quercus alba L., Liriodendron tulipifera L., Acer rubrum L., Cornus florida L., Desmodium nudiflorum (L.) DC., and Sassafras albidum (Nuttall) Nees reached a peak at the time of canopy closure whereas total chlorophyll content reached a maximum 1–3 weeks later. The number of thylakoids per granum in all species increased after canopy closure. Chlorophyll content and variations in thylakoid number per granum were found to be related to light intensity variations.Starch content, based on size and number of starch grains, remained stable prior to and after closure in Q. alba, D. nudiflorum, and S. albidum, where a decrease in the number of starch grains was observed after closure. The number of starch grains in D. nudiflorum appeared to decrease during the period 6 weeks after closure. The variations in starch grain number were an indication of photosynthetic activity in these species.The disorganization of grana thylakoids and the development of electron dense and transparent bodies in the chloroplast stroma of all species sampled, 6 weeks after closure, was a preliminary indication of leaf senescence. Electron transparent bodies were considered to be by-products of grana thylakoid degradation.

scholarly journals Influence of Mycorrhiza and Phosphorus on Physiological Parameters of Leaves of Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) Layers

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-101
Author(s):  
Priyanka Kumari ◽  
R. R. Singh ◽  
Ruby Rani ◽  
Mahendra Singh ◽  
Uday Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Litchi Chinensis ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Phosphorus Application

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.), is delicious juicy fruit of India having excellent nutritional quality. It has a great potential to earn foreign exchange in the national and international market through export. Slow plant growth and high rate of mortality in initial stage of plant establishment are the major problem of litchi. Increasing photosynthetic activity through exploiting photosynthetic, components are major target. The carotenoid and chlorophyll content are one of the major components that affect the photosynthetic activity of plant. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are beneficial symbiotic soil microorganisms and AM technology can find its potential application in the nursery of horticultural industry. When AM fungi have been successfully applied to many wood fruit tree species, little information is available in litchi. Therefore, the pot experiment was undertaken to study the influence of phosphorus (50 mg and 75 mg), mycorrhiza (G. mosseae and G. coronatum) alone and in combination. The treatment significantly influenced the changes in chlorophyll and carotenoid content in leaves of litchi samplings in nursery stage. After 120 days of inoculation both the species of mycorrhiza alone and in combination with phosphorus application were very effective with the highest level of total chlorophyll content of (2.474 mg/g fr. wt) in case T5 G. mosseae 10 g + Phosphorus 50 mg. Significantly lowest value of chlorophyll was noted in T0 Control (2.090 mg/g fr.wt). Carotenoid content was also measured maximum in T5 G. mosseae 10 g + Phosphorus 50 mg (0.154 mg/g fr. wt.) as compare to T0 Control with (0.065 mg/g fr. wt.). Relative water content (RWC) after 60, 90 and 120 DAI significantly differentiate. Maximum RWC in case T5 G. mosseae 10 g + Phosphorus 50 mg (31.43%) which was statistically equal with G. coronatum 10 g + P 50 mg (31.14%). Significantly influencing specific leaf weight at different date of observations. The performance was maximum found in T5 G. mosseae 10 g + Phosphorus 50 mg (7.28%) as compare to T0 control (4.44%). Significant effect of treatments on leaf parameters of litchi layers pertaining number of leaves per flush and length of flush is maximum with T5 G. mosseae 10 g + Phosphorus 50 mg (5 - 8) and (10.2 cm).

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