Portable probe gas permeability: a non-destructive test for the in-situ characterisation of historic masonry

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Válek ◽  
J. J. Hughes ◽  
P. J. M. Bartos
Keyword(s):  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Historic Masonry ◽  
Destructive Test ◽  
Non Destructive

scholarly journals Diagnosing in Situ Concrete by Some Non-Destructive Test Methods

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Shoji Amasaki ◽  
Kazuhiro Kuzume ◽  
Toyoaki Miyagawa
Keyword(s):  
Test Methods ◽  
Destructive Test ◽  
Non Destructive

Load-Bearing Capacity Determination of Historic Masonry Structures

2014 ◽  
Vol 923 ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Witzany ◽  
Tomáš Čejka ◽  
Radek Zigler
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Probabilistic Methods ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Historic Masonry ◽  
Historical Masonry ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

The experimental, in-situ and laboratory research has manifested a relatively large variance of the physical and mechanical characteristics of historical masonry found e.g. within a masonry wall, a massive masonry pillar etc. Artical presents the evaluation of the experimentally determined physical and mechanical characteristics of masonry members and the binder obtained by sampling specimens and by non-destructive measurements relies on the application of appropriate probabilistic methods.

A non-destructive test to assess the axial heterogeneity of in situ modified monoliths for HPLC

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (17) ◽  
pp. 7177-7185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle N. Bassanese ◽  
Arianne Soliven ◽  
Xavier A. Conlan ◽  
R. Andrew Shalliker ◽  
Neil W. Barnett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Gradient ◽  
Surface Coverage ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Band Broadening ◽  
Destructive Test ◽  
Coverage Density ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Peak Parking ◽  
Qualitative Changes

A multi-location peak parking protocol was developed for a non-destructive assessment of the axial heterogeneity of in situ modified monoliths. This was tested on a column with a surface coverage density gradient along the length of the monolithic rod. Qualitative changes in band broadening were observed and were consistent with theoretical studies.

scholarly journals In Situ, Non-Destructive Testing for Evaluating the Role of Pointing Mortar in Preventive Conservation Strategies. A Case-Study on Reigate Stone at the Wardrobe Tower, Tower of London

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Martin Michette ◽  
Heather Viles ◽  
Constantina Vlachou ◽  
Ian Angus
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Tower Of London ◽  
Hydraulic Lime ◽  
Historic Masonry ◽  
Lime Mortars ◽  
Non Destructive

The correct choice of pointing mortar is considered crucial to the conservation of historic masonry. A proliferation of cement and eminently hydraulic lime mortars since the late 19th century has accelerated the deterioration of built cultural heritage in many parts of the world. Whilst the use of softer, lime-based mortars in stone conservation is now common practice, their role in the overall conservation strategy of highly vulnerable building stones such as Reigate Stone requires assessment. In this paper non-destructive testing (NDT) is used across a two-year period to investigate the impact of different pointing mortar types in situ. NDT data on surface hardness and moisture are interpreted at different scales to assess moisture regulation of Reigate Stone masonry at the Wardrobe Tower, a ruined structure at the Tower of London, following repointing carried out in Spring 2017. Joints repointed using a hydraulic lime mortar (NHL3.5) are shown to regulate moisture in adjacent Reigate Stone blocks less well than those repointed using a lime putty mortar. However, despite an initially inappropriate recipe, older hydraulic lime mortars are in some instances shown to perform similarly to the lime putty mortar, suggesting that NHL can weather sympathetically. The results also indicate that, whilst pointing mortar type does play a role in the moisture regulation of individual stones, its effect is outweighed by both properties of the stone itself, such as strength and past decay, and by wider micro-contextual factors, such as exposure or adjacent topography. Findings from the Wardrobe Tower indicate that pointing mortar only plays a part in overall moisture regulation; to enable its effective functioning and minimise the need for repeated interventions, it may be necessary to take additional protective measures to mitigate moisture ingress, such as water run-off and channelling following heavy rainfall. The overall implication is that in vulnerable historic masonry such as Reigate Stone, sustainable conservation strategies must incorporate a broad appraisal of, and tailored response to, specific decay mechanisms. With careful calibration across repeated survey campaigns, data collected in situ using NDT can inform the role of pointing mortar within such strategies.

In Situ Determination of the Elastic Modulus of Concrete by Means of Ultrasonic Pulse Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Petr Cikrle ◽  
Dalibor Kocáb ◽  
Barbara Kucharczyková ◽  
Ondřej Anton
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Pulse Method ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Destructive Test ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Thick Layers

The paper deals with the in-situ determination of the modulus of elasticity on the bridge elements using ultrasonic pulse method. This non-destructive test method was chosen for the measurement because of its undisputed advantages that allow the measurement of relatively thick layers of material. For the purpose of the elastic modulus verification the direct measurement was used, in which a pair of transducers (transmitter and receiver) were placed directly opposite to each other. The results of performed in-situ measurements as well as the results of verification tests performed in the laboratory are presented in the paper. The article also discusses the issue of evaluation and interpretation of the results obtained by in-situ measurements using non-destructive test method.

scholarly journals In-Situ Moisture Assessment in External Walls of Historic Building using Non-Destructive Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-134
Author(s):  
Ritvars Freimanis ◽  
Rasa Vaiskunaite ◽  
Tereza Bezrucko ◽  
Andra Blumberga
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Mold Growth ◽  
Historic Building ◽  
Historic Masonry ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Destructive Methods ◽  
Rising Damp

Abstract In-situ measurements of a case study building located in Riga old town near the river Daugava has been carried out in this work. Performed measurements are moisture level of historic masonry, and interstitial monitoring of temperature and relative humidity between the layers of internal insulation and external wall. Obtained results are compared with outdoor weather data. Results show that during the cold months of the year no rising damp problem. No interstitial condensation under the internal insulation, and no risk of mold growth occur. However, the façade of the building tends to be highly influenced by the outdoor weather, and the moisture of the masonry increases during the rain load events.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Historic Masonry Stones Obtained by In Situ Non-Destructive Tests on the St. Agostino Church in Amatrice (Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6352
Author(s):  
Alessandro Grazzini ◽  
Giuseppe Lacidogna
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Historic Masonry ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Impact Tests ◽  
Mechanical Strengths ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Non Destructive

The design of strengthening and securing work for historic buildings requires knowledge of the masonry mechanical characteristics, often obtainable through laboratory tests that require invasive samples. The non-destructive techniques, applicable in situ in a rapid and non-invasive way, represent a valid alternative to estimate mechanical strengths without destructive sampling. In this study, a methodology was calibrated which, by combining the results of the ultrasonic and impact tests, makes it possible to reach a good estimate of the compression strength and elastic modulus of a particular rock: sandstone. Most buildings in Amatrice, the city devastated by the violent earthquake of Central Italy in 2016, were built by means of this sedimentary rock. By carrying out a diagnostic campaign on the remaining walls of the St. Agostino church in Amatrice, it was possible to obtain a correlation, specific for this case study, between the compression strengths from laboratory tests and the results of the ultrasonic and impact tests. Unlike the traditional Sonreb methods, this methodology wanted to favor the use of the impact method instead of the sclerometrer test. In this way, it will be possible to operate on other damaged buildings of similar construction types located in the seismic crater of Amatrice, evaluating the mechanical characteristics of the masonry structures be means of in situ non-destructive tests in order to design the safety and strengthening work.

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