Sexual preferences during artificial menstrual cycles in social groups of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

Primates ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Michael ◽  
Doris Zumpe
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Sexual Preferences ◽  
Menstrual Cycles

PERIPHERAL PLASMA LEVELS OF OESTRONE, OESTRADIOL-17β AND PROGESTERONE DURING OVULATORY MENSTRUAL CYCLES IN THE RHESUS MONKEY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE ONSET OF MENSTRUATION

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 732-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
William T. K. Bosu ◽  
Elof D. B. Johansson ◽  
Carl Gemzell
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Levels

ABSTRACT The levels of oestrone (E1)*, oestradiol-17β (E2) and progesterone (P) were determined simultaneously by radioimmunoassay in serial peripheral plasma samples from 11 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) during ovulatory menstrual cycles. In 3 other monkeys luteectomy was performed on day 20 or 21 of the menstrual cycle. The mean plasma levels of oestradiol-17β predominated over the mean E1 during the follicular phase, but during the luteal phase the E1 and E2 patterns varied widely. Before menstruation, increased or unchanged levels of E1 and E2 were mostly found. The decrease found in a few monkeys never reached the low levels found during the days after the midcycle peak. The plasma levels of progesterone increased from less than 0.2 ng/ml during the follicular phase to maximal values within 3 to 4 days after the midcycle peak of oestradiol-17β. The plasma levels of progesterone decreased to less than 1 ng/ml and remained low for 3 to 5 days before menstruation. In the luteectomized monkeys the plasma levels of P, E1 and E2 fell dramatically within 24 h and vaginal bleeding was detected within 72 h post-operatively. In 2 of the 3 luteectomized monkeys the levels of E1 and E2 increased before the bleeding. The ratio of oestrogens (oestradiol-17β and oestrone) over progesterone changed markedly in favour of the oestrogens during the pre-menstrual period. It is concluded that the patterns of progesterone and oestrogens are divergent during the luteal phase. The maximal levels of progesterone are reached early while the maximal levels of oestrogens are reached later during the luteal phase.

Genealogical Mating Activity in Free-Ranging Groups of Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca Mulatta) On Cayo Santiago

Behaviour ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 45 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 225-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Missakian
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Sharp Contrast ◽  
Cayo Santiago ◽  
Mating Activity ◽  
Behavioral Observations ◽  
Free Ranging

AbstractBehavioral observations on a large group of free-ranging rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were carried out on Cayo Santiago from January I968 through December I969 and from October through December I970. Records of mating activity (single mounts, mount series, copulations) indicated that genealogical mating activity on Cayo Santiago had the following characteristics : (I) 5.4% of all recorded mount series and copulations involved mother-son pairs; (2) mating was observed in 3I% of 26 individual pairs of mothers and sons; (3) mating was seen in I2% of 42 individual pairs of brothers and sisters; (4) of I0 instances of mother-son mating, seven involved pairs in which the mother was dominant to the son; (5) mating in mother-son and brother-sister pairs occurred in high and low ranking genealogies within the group; (6) with two exceptions, all three to five-year old males who did engage in sexual activity with their mothers did not mate with non-related females during that breeding season; and (7) with one exception, all instances of mother-son and brother-sister mating involved males from three to five years of age. These findings are in sharp contrast to observations made on a smaller group on Cayo Santiago. Possible causes for this difference between social groups of different size are discussed.

scholarly journals The menstrual cycle of the primates XII—The interaction of ovarian hormones in the cycle

1937 ◽  
Vol 124 (835) ◽  
pp. 150-162 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Ovarian Hormones ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Normal Cycle ◽  
Menstrual Cycles

The following study was undertaken for the purpose of throwing light on the endocrine mechanisms th at operate in menstrual cycles in which ovulation occurs, and in which the endometrium is consequently influenced by both the follicular and luteal hormones of the ovary. The immediate object of the investigation was to define experimental conditions that would conform temporally to the phases of the normal cycle, and under which uterine bleeding would occur at approximately 4-weekly intervals in ovariectomized rhesus monkeys treated with both oestrin and progestin. The information obtained in this study is complementary to observations that deal with the mechanism of anovular cycles (Zuckerman 1937 a, b ), and helps to provide a basis for the full interpretation of the menstrual cycle. Material and Methods Details about the spayed rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta ) used in this study are given in a previous paper (Zuckerman 1937 a ), where the reactions of the animals to varied conditions of oestrogenic stimulation are described.

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