The effect of five growth regulators on apical dominance in potato seed tubers and on subsequent tuber production

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Holmes ◽  
R. W. Lang ◽  
A. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Apical Dominance ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Tuber Production

Involvement of auxin in the loss of apical dominance and plant growth potential accompanying aging of potato seed tubers

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. M. Kumar ◽  
N. Richard Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Apical Dominance ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Tissue Concentration ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Correlative Inhibition ◽  
Aged Seed

Studies were conducted to further characterize a role for auxin in the loss of apical dominance and plant growth potential that occurs during long-term storage of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) seed tubers. Treatment of single-eye seed cores from 18-month-old seed tubers with 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) restored apical dominance and increased dry matter partitioning to roots, stems, and leaves, thus partially mitigating the deleterious effects of advanced seed-tuber age on growth potential. Conversely, NAA treatment of seed cores from 6-month-old tubers substantially inhibited plant growth. In contrast to NAA, IAA was totally ineffective at counteracting the deleterious effects of advanced tuber age on plant growth, whereas the effect of IAA on overall growth of plants from 6-month-old seed cores remained slightly inhibitory. The difference in efficacy of these two auxins appears to be related to age-induced differences in ability of tissues to transport and catabolize IAA. The specific activity of IAA oxidase (IAAox) was 4 times higher in tissue from 20-month-old seed tubers at planting and increased at a faster rate during sprouting compared with that from 8-month-old tubers. Hence, the higher potential for oxidation of IAA in tissue from older seed cores is well correlated with the inability of this auxin to alter growth. In translocation studies, etiolated sprouts from aged seed tubers showed a reduced ability to translocate [1-14C]IAA basipetally compared with those from younger tubers. Moreover, intact etiolated sprouts growing from older seed cores decarboxylated the radiolabeled IAA at a much faster rate on a dry weight basis than those from younger seed cores. The specific activities of IAAox and peroxidase in the sprout apex, sprout base, and tuber tissue from 18-month-old seed cores were substantially higher than in similar tissues from 6-month-old seed cores, and tissue concentration of the radiolabel was negatively correlated with IAAox activity. Hence, aging of potato seed tubers not only reduces the ability of sprouts to transport auxin basipetally, but it also increases the capacity for auxin catabolism during sprouting. The physiological consequence of this may be the release of lateral meristems from correlative inhibition, and in effect, reduced apical dominance and shoot growth potential during plant establishment from aged seed tubers. Key words: potato, age-reduced vigor, sprouting, apical dominance, auxin.

Age of potato seed-tubers influences protein synthesis during sprouting

1993 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Mohan Kumar ◽  
N. Richard Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Seed Tubers

Determination of optimum tuber planting density in the potato varieties Pentland Squire, Cara, Estima, Maris Piper and King Edward

1992 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. E. Wurr ◽  
J. R. Fellows ◽  
E. J. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Cost

SummaryThirty-two experiments examining the effects of the weight and within-row spacing of potato seed tubers on graded tuber yields of five varieties were conducted on eight sites from 1980 to 1985. A complex analysis technique was used to combine these data and estimate the optimum tuber planting densities for different ratios of seed cost to small (40–60 mm) and large (60–80 mm) ware value. The same technique could be applied to any other combination of seed cost, ware size and ware value.The optimum tuber planting density decreased with increasing seed-tuber weight. Differences in optimum planting density between varieties were much greater with small (35 g) than with large (105 g) seed tubers and decreased as the cost of seed increased relative to the value of ware. As large ware became worth more than small ware the influence of increasing seed cost on the optimum density was reduced. As the value of large ware increased, net returns increased and the effect of seed cost on net returns was reduced. Mean tuber size decreased with increasing stem density at harvest and at the same stem density was lower in varieties producing more daughter tubers/stem. Changes of mean tuber size (μ) and the spread of yield across size grades (σ) with time were well described by parallel curves in different varieties. It is suggested that in future it may not be necessary to determine optimum tuber planting densities by complex experiments involving several seed-tuber weights and spacings. Instead μ and σ could be estimated from simple experiments and tuber spacings determined by comparison with control varieties.

Effects of Gibberellic Acid (GA3) on Sprouting and Quality of Potato Seed Tubers in Diffused Light and Pit Storage Conditions

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon I. Shibairo . ◽  
Paul Demo . ◽  
Jackson N. Kabira . ◽  
Peter Gildemacher . ◽  
Esther Gachango . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Diffused Light

Seed Borne Late Blight of Potato

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary L. Powelson ◽  
Robin Ludy ◽  
Heather Heather ◽  
Debra A. Inglis ◽  
Babette Gundersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Seed Piece ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Healthy Seed

Planting of potato seed pieces infected with Phytophthora infestans can lead to the introduction of late blight within a planting. When infected seed pieces are planted, there are three resulting scenarios: (i) a healthy plant emerges, (ii) no plant emerges because of the rapid decay of the seed piece, or (iii) a symptomatic plant emerges. A major factor favoring stand establishment and seed transmission is the severity of seed piece infection. When infection is severe, stand is compromised and transmission rate is low. When infection is mild, the plant emerges before the seed piece decays and, in some instances, the pathogen makes its way from the seed piece to the plant where a stem lesion is formed. Diseased seed tubers are the principle source of late blight inoculum for infection of healthy seed pieces. Treatment of infected or blighted seed tubers with a seed dressing with activity against P. infestans is not a viable tactic because the products are ineffective against established infections. Conversely, treatment of healthy seed pieces provides a high level of protection against late blight spores that are spread during the seed handling and planting operations. Optimum effectiveness is achieved when products are applied immediately following cutting, as none are effective against established infections. Seed treatment reduces the risk of seed transmission of late blight and enhances stand establishment and plant vigor. This tactic should be an important component of an integrated late blight management program. Accepted for publication 16 January 2002. Published 29 January 2002.

scholarly journals Yield Performance of Potato Seed Tubers After Storage in a Diffuse Light Store (DLS)

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Muthoni ◽  
J. N. Kabira ◽  
D. Kipkoech ◽  
G. O. Abong ◽  
J. H. Nderitu
Keyword(s):  
Potato Seed ◽  
Diffuse Light ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Seed Tubers
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