Asr genes belong to a gene family comprising at least three closely linked loci on chromosome 4 in tomato

1996 ◽  
Vol 252 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rossi ◽  
D. Lijavetzky ◽  
H. E. Hopp ◽  
N. Iusem ◽  
D. Bernacchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Chromosome 4 ◽  
Asr Genes

Intron Loss and Gain During Evolution of the Catalase Gene Family in Angiosperms

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-365
Author(s):  
Julia A Frugoli ◽  
Mark A McPeek ◽  
Terry L Thomas ◽  
C Robertson McClung
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Intron Loss ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Chromosome 4 ◽  
Splice Sites ◽  
Catalase Gene ◽  
Sequence Of Events

Abstract Angiosperms (flowering plants), including both monocots and dicots, contain small catalase gene families. In the dicot, Arabidopsis thaliana, two catalase (CAT) genes, CAT1 and CAT3, are tightly linked on chromosome 1 and a third, CAT2, which is more similar to CAT1 than to CAT3, is unlinked on chromosome 4. Comparison of positions and numbers of introns among 13 angiosperm catalase genomic sequences indicates that intron positions are conserved, and suggests that an ancestral catalase gene common to monocots and dicots contained seven introns. Arabidopsis CAT2 has seven introns; both CAT1 and CAT3 have six introns in positions conserved with CAT2, but each has lost a different intron. We suggest the following sequence of events during the evolution of the Arabidopsis catalase gene family. An initial duplication of an ancestral catalase gene gave rise to CAT3 and CAT1. CAT1 then served as the template for a second duplication, yielding CAT2. Intron losses from CAT1 and CAT3 followed these duplications. One subclade of monocot catalases has lost all but the 5′-most and 3′-most introns, which is consistent with a mechanism of intron loss by replacement of an ancestral intron-containing gene with a reverse-transcribed DNA copy of a fully spliced mRNA. Following this event of concerted intron loss, the Oryza sativa (rice, a monocot) CAT1 lineage acquired an intron in a novel position, consistent with a mechanism of intron gain at proto-splice sites.

scholarly journals Structure and evolutionary history of a large family of NLR proteins in the zebrafish

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Howe ◽  
Philipp H Schiffer ◽  
Julia Zielinski ◽  
Thomas Wiehe ◽  
Gavin K Laird ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Immune Recognition ◽  
Chromosome 4 ◽  
New Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Evolutionary Trajectories ◽  
B30.2 Domain

NACHT- and Leucine-Rich-Repeat-containing domain (NLR) proteins act as cytoplasmic sensors for pathogen- and danger-associated molecular patterns and are found throughout the plant and animal kingdoms. In addition to having a small set of conserved NLRs, the genomes in some animal lineages contain massive expansions of this gene family. One of these arose in fishes, after the creation of a gene fusion that combined the core NLR domains with another domain used for immune recognition, the PRY/SPRY or B30.2 domain. We have analysed the expanded NLR gene family in zebrafish, which contains 368 genes, and studied its evolutionary history. The encoded proteins share a defining overall structure, but individual domains show different evolutionary trajectories. Our results suggest gene conversion homogenizes NACHT and B30.2 domain sequences among different gene subfamilies, however, the functional implications of its action remains unclear. The majority of the genes are located on the long arm of chromosome 4, interspersed with several other large multi-gene families, including a new family encoding proteins with multiple tandem arrays of Zinc fingers. This suggests that chromosome 4 may be a hotspot for rapid evolutionary change in zebrafish.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the apple ASR gene family in response to Alternaria alternata f. sp. mali

Genome ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 866-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaihui Huang ◽  
Yan Zhong ◽  
Yingjun Li ◽  
Dan Zheng ◽  
Zong-Ming Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Asr Genes ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Duplication Events ◽  
Asr Gene

The ABA/water stress/ripening-induced (ASR) gene family exists universally in higher plants, and many ASR genes are up-regulated during periods of environmental stress and fruit ripening. Although a considerable amount of research has been performed investigating ASR gene response to abiotic stresses, relatively little is known about their roles in response to biotic stresses. In this report, we identified five ASR genes in apple (Malus × domestica) and explored their phylogenetic relationship, duplication events, and selective pressure. Five apple ASR genes (Md-ASR) were divided into two clades based on phylogenetic analysis. Species-specific duplication was detected in M. domestica ASR genes. Leaves of ‘Golden delicious’ and ‘Starking’ were infected with Alternaria alternata f. sp. mali, which causes apple blotch disease, and examined for the expression of the ASR genes in lesion areas during the first 72 h after inoculation. Md-ASR genes showed different expression patterns at different sampling times in ‘Golden delicious’ and ‘Starking’. The activities of stress-related enzymes, peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), and polyphenoloxidase (PPO), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were also measured in different stages of disease development in two cultivars. The ASR gene expression patterns and theses physiological indexes for disease resistance suggested that Md-ASR genes are involved in biotic stress responses in apple.

Assignment of dioxin-inducible cytochrome P-450 gene family to Chinese hamster chromosome 4

1985 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-395
Author(s):  
C. Edgar Hildebrand ◽  
Raymond L. Stallings ◽  
Frank J. Gonzalez ◽  
Daniel W. Nebert
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Chromosome 4 ◽  
Cytochrome P 450 ◽  
Chinese Hamster Chromosome

The chicken CLOCK gene maps to chromosome 4

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 344-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Noakes ◽  
M T Campbell ◽  
B J Van Hest
Keyword(s):  
Clock Gene ◽  
Chromosome 4 ◽  
Gene Maps

Genome-wide identification and analysis of maize PAL gene family and its expression profile in response to high-temperature stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Gong Wu ◽  
Qiu-Wen Zhan ◽  
Hai-Bing Yu ◽  
Bao-Hong Huang ◽  
Xin-Xin Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Genome Wide
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