Conversion electron Mössbauer and XPS study on the effect of polishing of a stainless steel sample

1994 ◽  
Vol 186 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cs. Vértes ◽  
G. Vass ◽  
E. Kuzmann ◽  
K. Romhányi ◽  
M. Lakatos-Varsányi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Conversion Electron ◽  
Steel Sample ◽  
Stainless Steel Sample ◽  
Xps Study

Evaluation of the uncertainty associated with sample holders in NAA measurements in LAN/IPEN

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Soares Zahn ◽  
Regina Beck Ticianelli ◽  
Mitiko Saiki ◽  
Frederico Antonio Genezini
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Experimental Error ◽  
Steel Sample ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Stainless Steel Sample ◽  
Gamma Emission ◽  
Energy Gamma

In IPEN’s Neutron Activation Laboratory (LAN/IPEN), thin stainless steel sample holders are used for gamma spectrometry in NAA measurements. This material is very practical, but its chemical composition may be troublesome, as it presents large amounts of elements with intermediate atomic number, with attenuation factors for low-energy gamma-rays that must not be neglected. In this study, count rates obtained using different sample holders were compared. To accomplish that, an Am-241 source, with 59-keV gamma emission, was used so that low-energy gamma attenuation differences can be determined. Moreover, in order to study the energy dependence of these differences, a Ho-166m source was also used. From these results, it was possible to analyze the experimental error associated to the variations between sample holders, with the aim of introducing an addictive term to the uncertainty analysis of comparative Neutron Activation Analysis results.

scholarly journals Nitriding of 304 Steel by a Nitrogen Plasma: Increasing Corrosion Resistance

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-39
Author(s):  
N. Bellakhal ◽  
K. Draou ◽  
J. L. Brisset
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Steel Sample ◽  
Nitrogen Plasma ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steel Sample ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Working Parameters

Exposure of a 304 stainless steel sample to an inductively coupled low pressure radio frequency (RF) nitrogen plasma leads to the formation of a nitriding layer. The protective properties of this layer are investigated by electrochemical methods. The corrosion potential of the steel in an aqueous solution depends on the working parameters of the plasma such as the time exposure and the distance between the steel sample and the high voltage (HV) coil of the treatment reactor.

B-H Loop of Sintered Stainless Steel 410 Adjusted by Superellipse Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 554-558
Author(s):  
Fernanda A. Sampaio da Silva ◽  
Daniel Rodrigues ◽  
Gilberto Vicente Concílio ◽  
Jose Adilson de Castro ◽  
Marcos Flavio de Campos
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Magnetic Behavior ◽  
Steel Sample ◽  
Stainless Steel Sample ◽  
Sintered Stainless Steel ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
40 Hz

B-H loop obtained from frequencies higher than 40 Hz can be satisfactorily adjusted by Superellipse model. Examples of application of the Superellipse model for sintered stainless steel 410 are presented. The parameters of model (four parameters) may have assigned physical meanings that reveal magnetic behavior, such as coercivity and remanence. Furthermore, they are directly related to the aesthetics of the B-H loop. The Superellipse model is very versatile, describing the most closed shapes (rods) and the more open (rectangular). The obtained parameter values reflect the magnetic variability of sample. In addition, by applying the model it was possible to analyze the magnetic and structural properties of a sintered stainless steel sample.

A dual-electrochemical cell to study the biocorrosion of stainless steel

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.A. Lopes ◽  
S. Perrin ◽  
D. Féron
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electrochemical Cell ◽  
Steel Sample ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Stainless Steel Sample ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Galvanic Current ◽  
Sulphide Concentration

The presence of microorganisms on metal surfaces can alter the local physical/chemical conditions and lead to microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). The goal of the present work was to study the effect of a mixed aerobic–anaerobic biofilm on the behaviour of stainless steel (316 L) in underground conditions. Rather than testing different bacteria or consortia, investigations were based on the mechanisms of MIC. Mixed biofilms were simulated by the addition of glucose oxidase to reproduce the aerobic conditions and by sulphide or sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) for the anaerobic conditions. A double thermostated electrochemical cell has been developed to study the coupling between aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Results suggested a transfer of electrons from the stainless steel sample of the anaerobic cell to the stainless steel sample of the aerobic one. Inorganic sulphide was replaced by SRB in the anaerobic cell revealing an increase of the galvanic current which may be explained by an effect of lactate and/or acetate on the anodic reaction or by a high sulphide concentration in the biofilm. The results of this study underline that the dual-electrochemical cell system is representative of phenomena present in natural environments and should be considered as an option when studying MIC.

Nanostructured 316 Stainless Steel Prepared under Traction by Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 614 ◽  
pp. 201-206
Author(s):  
Xiao Fang Yang ◽  
Jian Lu
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Steel Sample ◽  
Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment ◽  
Stainless Steel Sample ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Mechanical Attrition ◽  
Nanostructured Layer ◽  
Nanoindentation Measurement ◽  
Measurement Results

A nanostructured 316 austenitic stainless steel sample was prepared under traction using a new surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) system. The microstructure of the surface layer of the SMATed sample was characterized using an optical microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Microhardness on the cross-section was investigated by nanoindentation measurement. Results showed that a deeper nanostructured layer was obtained in comparison with that of the sample SMATed without traction.

Electron-Probe X-Ray Spectrograph: Design, Evaluation, and Application

1961 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 527-537
Author(s):  
J. D. Brown ◽  
J. W. Thatcher ◽  
W. J. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Vacuum Chamber ◽  
Steel Sample ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
Electron Optics ◽  
Stainless Steel Sample ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Operational Characteristics

AbstractThe Bureau of Mines purchased the electron optics, vacuum system, and sample stage assembly for the electron-probe X-ray spectrograph and designed and built the two reflection and two transmission scanning curved-crystal spectrometers. The reflection spectrometers were placed in a vacuum chamber for measurements of long-wavelength X-radiation. Operational characteristics of this spectrograph were determined. A low-alloy stainless-steel sample containing 5 wt. % depleted uranium and a stainless-steel sample containing 20 wt. % gadolinium were analyzed.

scholarly journals Role of Nb in 13Cr super-martensitic stainless steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Ma ◽  
Cheng Zhou ◽  
Lijun Wang ◽  
Chunming Liu ◽  
Sundaresa Subramanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Steel Sample ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel Sample ◽  
Precipitate Morphology ◽  
Super Martensitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Microalloying Elements

The effect of Nb microalloying on structure and physical properties of quenched and tempered 13%Cr martensitic stainless steel was investigated. Excellent strength and adequate toughness properties were obtained by 0.10 wt% Nb addition to low interstitial (N 0.01wt%, C < 0.02wt%) steel. The effect of Nb in 13%Cr steels with high N content was also studied in a commercial martensitic stainless steel sample containing higher levels of N and also alloyed with V. The microstructure, precipitate morphology and dispersion and volume fraction of reverse austenite were characterized. The strength properties obtained in the steel with 0.10%Nb are significantly higher than those of the V-containing steel. The study shows that whereas amount, size and dispersion of precipitates of microalloying elements contribute to enhanced strength, the optimum volume fraction of reverse austenite formed contributes to enhanced ductility and toughness properties. More importantly, high Nb additions to low N -13%Cr-1%Mo steel are found to improve significantly resistance against pitting corrosion significantly.

Synergistic Effect of Cr-Doped DLC Coatings and Lubricant Additives

2011 ◽  
Vol 492 ◽  
pp. 155-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Sun ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Zhi Qiang Fu ◽  
Cheng Biao Wang ◽  
Wen Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Steel Sample ◽  
Lubricant Additives ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Stainless Steel Sample ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Cr Content

The combination of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings and fluid lubrication is an efficacious method to improve the performance and service life of the friction-pairs working under the severe conditions, but the synergistic effect of DLC coatings and lubricant additives have not been clearly unveiled. The synergistic effect of Cr-doped DLC coatings with different Cr content and the lubricant additives of ZDDP, MoDTC, and T307 on the wear of DLC-coated stainless steel sample was studied, and it was found that the wear resistance of DLC-coated stainless steel sample can be further improve by the combination of DLC coatings and fluid lubrication; doping DLC coatings with Cr at an optimum level is beneficial for the wear resistance of DLC-coated stainless steel sample lubricated by PAO, PAO+ZDDP or PAO + MoDTC, but DLC coatings with a moderate Cr content is harmful to the wear resistance of DLC-coated stainless steel sample lubricated by PAO+T307. The synergistic effect of T307 and undoped DLC coatings or Cr-doped DLC coatings with a Cr content of 23.3 % is the best, while the three studied lubricant additives are harmful for the wear resistance of DLC coatings with a Cr content of 2.4 %.

Research of the Boron Element on Corrosion Behavior of 1Cr17 Stainless Steel in 3.2%HCl+3.8%HNO3 Solution

2013 ◽  
Vol 675 ◽  
pp. 235-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tie Ming Guo ◽  
Zhi Hui ◽  
Xue Li Nan ◽  
Chang Song Han ◽  
Zhong Jie Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Steel Sample ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Stainless Steel Sample ◽  
Corrosion Morphology ◽  
Hno3 Solution ◽  
Tafel Polarization ◽  
Curve Method

Four groups of 1Cr17 stainless steel with boron quality score as 0ppm,16ppm, 22ppm and 28ppm were used to research their corrosion behavior by chemical immersion, electrochemical method (the tafel polarization curve method) at different temperature(25 °C, 40 °C) in 3.2%HCl＋3.8%HNO3 medium.The results show that at different temperature (25°C, 40°C)in3.2%HCl＋3.8%HNO3 medium, Corrosion kinetics law is different,with B element content increased,the immersion corrosion rate decreased; meanwhile, both of Soaked and electrochemical corrosion results show that the added Boron elements of the 1Cr17 stainless steel sample improves its resistance to general corrosion ,but its resistance to intergranular corrosion weakened , which can see by the corrosion morphology.

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