Radiation induced biochemical mutation in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides penz. causing anthracnose of guava (psidium guajava L)

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
J. P. Gupta ◽  
M. S. Chatrath
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals Bioatividade de indutores de resistência no manejo da antracnose da goiabeira (Psidium guajava L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rommel dos Santos Siqueira Gomes ◽  
Andréa Celina Ferreira Demartelaere ◽  
Luciana Cordeiro do Nascimento ◽  
Wendel Oliveira Maciel ◽  
Danilo Bruno Néri da Silva Wanderley
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Psidium Guajava

RESUMO A cultura da goiaba apresenta perdas em torno de 40 a 60% na pós-colheita relacionadas a problemas fitossanitários, como a antracnose causada pelo fungo Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Pesquisas com métodos alternativos utilizando indutores de resistência têm sido bastante promissoras na busca de produtos com alto potencial no controle de patógenos em pós-colheita. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os indutores de resistência no controle da antracnose e seus efeitos na qualidade físico-química em frutos de goiabeira ‘Paluma’. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: Agro-mós®, Ecolife®, Fosfitonova K®, Cuprogarb 500®, Rocksil® e testemunha (água destilada esterilizada). Realizou-se o teste in vitro, com discos de colônia de C. gloeosporioides (0,45 cm de diâmetro) com sete dias de cultivo e, postos em meio de cultura BDA acrescidos com os indutores. Foi determinada a porcentagem de inibição do crescimento micelial de C. gloeosporioides. O ensaio in vivo foi realizado com frutos de goiabeira variedade Paluma, desinfestados e tratados com indutores. Em seguida, discos de colônia do C. gloeosporioides foram inoculados e do primeiro ao oitavo dia após a inoculação, foram feitas avaliações do diâmetro das lesões nos frutos. As análises pós-colheita foram realizadas, avaliando a perda de massa fresca, sólidos solúveis totais (SST), acidez titulável (AT), razão SST/AT e potencial hidrogeniônico (pH). Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema de parcela subdivididas 6x8 (tratamentos x período de avaliação) e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Os indutores Agro-mos®, Ecolife®, Fosfitonova K®, Cuprogarb 500® e Rocksil® inibiram o crescimento micelial do C. gloeosporioides in vitro, reduziram o diâmetro das lesões e mantiveram a qualidade pós-colheita em frutos de goiabeira ‘Paluma’.

scholarly journals Histopathology of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on guava fruits (Psidium guajava L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 657-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Raquel Gomes Moraes ◽  
Francisco André Osama Tanaka ◽  
Nelson Sidnei Massola Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Guava Fruit ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Colonization Process ◽  
Parenchymal Cells ◽  
Appressoria Formation

Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, produces brown lesions on guava fruits, causing severe losses on postharvest. In this study, the infection and colonization of guava fruits by C. gloeosporioides has been examined using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Fruits at the physiologically mature stage were inoculated with a 10(5) conidia/mL spore suspension. Afterward, fruits were incubated at 25 °C in a wet chamber for periods of 6, 12, 24, 48, 96 and 120 h to allow examination of the infection and colonization process. Conidia germination and appressoria formation occurred six hours after inoculation (h.a.i). Penetration occurred directly via penetration pegs from appressoria, which penetrated the host cuticle 48 h.a.i. Notably, the appressoria did not produce an appressorial cone surrounding the penetration pore. Infection vesicles were found in epidermal cells 96 h.a.i. The same fungal structures were found in epidermal and parenchymal cells of the host 120 h.a.i. Colonization strategy of C. gloeosporioides on guava fruit was intracellular hemibiotrophic.

PCR detection of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in Psidium guajava

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinai Yao ◽  
Chengzhong Lan ◽  
Peng Huang ◽  
Deyi Yu
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Pcr Detection

scholarly journals Efeito in vitro de compostos de plantas sobre o fungo Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz: isolado do maracujazeiro

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (spe) ◽  
pp. 1853-1860 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Costa da Silva ◽  
Nilza de Lima Pereira Sales ◽  
Alisson Vinícius de Araújo ◽  
Cecílio Frois Caldeira Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Lippia Citriodora ◽  
Eclipta Alba ◽  
Lippia Sidoides ◽  
Solanum Sisymbriifolium

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de extratos e óleos essenciais de quatorze plantas medicinais e ou nativas, conhecidas popularmente no Norte de Minas Gerais, sobre a germinação de esporos e crescimento micelial do fungo Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Foram utilizados no teste de inibição do crescimento micelial, os extratos aquosos de alecrim (Rosmarinus officinalis), erva baleeira (Cordia verbenacea), joá (Solanum sisymbriifolium), quebra-pedra (Phyllanthus corcovadensis), erva botão (Eclipta alba) e açafrão da índia (Curcuma longa) obtidos por meio do processo de infusão; óleo essencial de alecrim de vargem (Família Lamiaceae), alecrim pimenta (Lippia sidoides), alfavaca cravo (Ocimum gratissimum), lippia (Lippia citriodora), goiaba branca (Psidium guajava), capim santo (Cymbopogon citratus); óleo resina de copaíba (Copaifera langsdorffi); hidrolatos de alecrim de vargem, goiaba vermelha (Psidium guajava), lippia, capim santo, goiaba branca, alfavaca cravo; manipueira de (Manihot esculenta). Também foram testados esses mesmos hidrolatos e os óleos essenciais na germinação dos esporos do fungo. Todos os tratamentos foram realizados in vitro, cultivando-se o fungo em meio de cultura BDA acrescido de 100μL dos compostos vegetais. No teste de inibição da germinação, todos os óleos essenciais impediram a germinação do fungo. No entanto, os hidrolatos não tiveram esse efeito. No teste de crescimento micelial, os óleos essenciais de todas as plantas inibiram completamente o crescimento do fungo, exceto o óleo da goiaba branca. Os extratos aquosos, a manipueira, o óleo resina e os hidrolatos, também não foram eficientes sobre o crescimento do patógeno. Esses resultados indicam o potencial antifúngico de alguns óleos essenciais de plantas medicinais.

scholarly journals FOSFITO NO CONTROLE DA ANTRACNOSE E QUALIDADE PÓS-COLHEITA DE GOIABA EM CULTIVO CONVENCIONAL E ORGÂNICO

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Dina Marcia Menezes Ferraz ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Bassay Blum ◽  
Andre Freire Cruz ◽  
Mariana Layse Araujo Barreto ◽  
Carlos Hidemi Uesugi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Psidium Guajava

Este estudo avaliou o efeito de fosfitos (Fos) sobre a ocorrência natural e artificial da antracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz) Penz and Sacc) na pós-colheita da goiaba (Psidium guajava). A qualidade  física e química indicadas pela perda de massa fresca (PMF), pH, sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT) e maturação da goiaba ‘Pedro Sato’ oriunda de produção convencional (Co) e orgânica (Or), com ou sem inoculação pós-colheita do patógeno foram avaliadas. Os tratamentos {Fos [Ca (30% P2O5 + 7% Ca / ‘Phytogard Ca’ 3 mL/L); Zn (40% P2O5 + 10% Zn / ‘Phytogard Zn’ 2,5 mL/L); Mg (40% P2O5 + 6% Mg / ‘Fitofós Mg’ 1,5 mL/L); K (40% P2O5 + 20% K2O / ‘Fitofós K plus’ 1,5 mL/L)]} e o fungicida (Carbendazim - ‘Derosal’ 1 mL/L) foram aplicados aos frutos. O tratamento testemunha foi com água esterilizada. O diâmetro das lesões (DL) , o grau de maturação e o número de lesões naturais (NL) bem como as análises físiicas e químicas dos frutos foram avaliados. Os resultados mostraram que o DL em frutos de Co foi menor com a aplicação dos Fos. Em fruto de Or, a redução do DL se deu com a aplicação do Fos Zn e K. O NL em frutos de Co foi menor com a aplicação dos Fos Mg, Zn e K. O Fos K reduziu o DL em frutos de Co e Or em todas as doses testadas. O Fos Zn e o Carbendazim retardaram a maturação de frutos.

scholarly journals Ripening of ‘Kumagai’ guavas and anthracnose control as affected by methyl jasmonate

Bragantia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-176
Author(s):  
Barbara Marçon Pereira da Silva ◽  
Raquel Mantovani Binoti ◽  
Patrícia Cia ◽  
Sílvia Regina de Toledo Valentini ◽  
Ilana Urbano Bron
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Ripe Stage ◽  
Air Circulation

ABSTRACT Methyl jasmonate (MJ) is an endogenous regulator that can influence fruit ripening and the defense system against pathogens. This work verified the influence of this regulator on postharvest physiology, control of anthracnose and physicalchemical attributes of ‘Kumagai’ guava (Psidium guajava L.). Guavas harvested at mature-green and ripe stages were treated with 0, 1 and 10 μmol∙L−1 MJ as gas in hermetic containers (200 L) with air circulation for 24 h. Fruit were inoculated with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides spore suspension (105 spores∙mL−1) 24 and 48 h after treatment. During ripening, at 25 °C and 80 – 90% of relative humidity, respiration, ethylene production, anthracnose incidence, severity and quality of guavas were assayed. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means, compared by Tukey’s test (p ≤ 0.05 and 0.10). The application of 1 and 10 μmol∙L−1 MJ had little influence on ripening of ‘Kumagai’ guava with a slight increase in respiration, ethylene production and yellowing of fruit harvested at ripe stage. Treatments with 1 and 10 μmol∙L−1 MJ did not reduce the severity and incidence of C. gloeosporioides when applied in fruit harvested at ripe and mature-green stages and inoculated 24 or 48 h after MJ treatment. In conclusion, the MJ treatment, at 1 and 10 μmol∙L−1 concentrations, had little influence on ripening and did not control anthracnose in ‘Kumagai’ guavas.

scholarly journals Antifungal Metabolites From Alternaria atrans: An Endophytic Fungus in Psidium guajava

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1984411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Yang ◽  
Wen-Jia Dan ◽  
Yi-Xiao Li ◽  
Guang-Rui Peng ◽  
An-Ling Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Fusaric Acid ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Solid Culture ◽  
Antifungal Metabolites

Six metabolites (1–6), including 1 new fusaric acid derivative, designated atransfusarin (1), and 5 known compounds, (3 R,6 R)-3-benzyl-6-isopropyl-4-methylmorpholine-2,5-dione (2), daucoterol (3), adenosine (4), cerebroside B (5), and 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ( Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienate (6), were isolated from the solid culture of an endophytic Alternaria atrans MP-7, associated with the medicinal plant Psidium guajava. The structure of the new compound was elucidated by spectral data. The antifungal test indicated that (3 R,6 R)-3-benzyl-6-isopropyl-4-methylmorpholine-2,5-dione (2) showed obvious inhibitory activity against Alternaria solani, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Phyricularia grisea. Compared to fusaric acid (1a), even though the antifungal activity of atransfusarin (1) against A. solani, C. gloeosporioides, and P. grisea was greatly decreased, its inhibitory effect against Botrytis cinerea was still retained.

scholarly journals Radiation mitigating activities of Psidium guajava L. against whole-body X-ray-induced damages in albino Wistar rat model

3 Biotech ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amith Kumar ◽  
Reshma Kumarchandra ◽  
Rajalakshmi Rai ◽  
Vasavi Kumblekar
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Herb Extract

AbstractIn the present study, we investigated radiation mitigating activities of Psidium guajava L. (P. guajava) against whole-body X- ray induced damages in albino Wistar rat model. The animals were orally administered with 200 mg/kg bodyweight of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of P. guajava for five consecutive days and on the fifth day, after the last dose of extract administration, animals were exposed to 4 Gy of X-rays. Rats were sacrificed 24 h post X–ray irradiation. The radiomitigating activity of the herb extract was assessed by micronucleus assay, histopathology of the small intestine and hematological parameters. Hepatic cyclooxygenase–2 (COX-2), interleukin–6 (IL-6) and interleukin –10 (IL-10) levels were assayed to validate the anti-inflammatory property. Biochemical estimations were also performed in RBC lysates to corroborate antioxidant properties in the leaf extract. HPLC analysis of crude extract confirmed the presence of standard flavonoid quercetin. Our results indicated that radiation elevated COX-2, IL-6 and decreased IL-10 levels and also induced micronucleus formation in polychromatic erythrocytes, simultaneously impairing hematological parameters along with erythrocyte antioxidants. The animals pre-treated with P. guajava exhibited a significant decrease in the COX-2 (P ≤ 0.01), IL-6 levels (P ≤ 0.05) and also displayed significant increase in the hepatic IL-10 levels (P ≤ 0.01). Pre-treatment with plant extract improved antioxidant enzyme activities, hematological parameters and reduced the intestinal damage by recovering the architecture of the small intestine. Moreover, extract also rendered protection against radiation induced DNA damage, as evidenced by the significant (P ≤ 0.01) decrease in the percentage of radiation-induced micronucleus in polychromatic erythrocytes. Furthermore, the herb extract treatment increased radiation LD50/30 from 6.6 Gy to 9.0 Gy, offering a dose reduction factor (DRF) of 1.36. Our findings for the first time propose the beneficial use of P. guajava as a radioprotector against X-ray induced damage.

scholarly journals Eco-friendly management of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, incitant of fruit rot of guava (Psidium guajava)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
H CHOURASIA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Clove Extract

The present study was conducted at Tej Narayan Banaili College, T.M. Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur, Bihar during 2015-2017 to evaluate the efficacy of 8 medicinal plants viz. Datura stramonium (datura), Curcuma longa (turmeric), Azadirachta indica (neem), Zingiber officinale (ginger), Allium sativum (garlic), Ocimum sanctum (tulsi), Nyctanthus arbortristis (harsringar) and Piper betle (betel/paan) and 4 bioagents viz. Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, Gliocladium virens and Chaetomium globosum against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc., an incitant of fruit rot disease of guava (Psidium guajava Linn.). A maximum inhibition of mycelial growth of pathogen was recorded in garlic clove extract (80%) followed by betel leaf extract (76%), turmeric rhizome extract (74%), neem leaf extract (70%) and ginger rhizome extract (64%). Harsringar leaf extract was found as the least effective (56%). In pre-and post-inoculation tests, all the phytoextracts were found significantly superior in reducing Colletotrichum rot severity on 7 days after treatments as compared to control. Garlic clove extract again proved highly effective in reducing fruit rot severity after 7 days after inoculation in both pre - and post - inoculation treatments. In vitro dual culture experiments, maximum growth inhibition was recorded with T. viride (76.5%) followed by G. virens (72.2%), T. harzianum (67.6%) and least inhibition by C. globosum (44.7%) In both pre - and post- inoculation treatments with antagonists, maximum DRI (disease reduction index) was noticed with C. globosum (69.2 and 62.4%) followed by T. harzianum (51.9 and 56.7%), G. virens (44.8 and 46.9%) and least with T. viride (38.1 and 35.4%). The rot incidence at 8 DAI (days after inoculation) was significantly higher than that at 4 DAI. The hot water fruit dip treatment at 50OC for 5 min was found best for controlling the rot without hampering the fruit quality.

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