Vaginosonographical determination of the true conjugate and the transverse diameter of the pelvic inlet

1987 ◽  
Vol 240 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Deutinger ◽  
G. Bernaschek
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Pelvic Inlet

scholarly journals STUDY OF MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF FORAMEN MAGNUM IN DRY HUMAN SKULL AT SMS MEDICAL COLLEGE, JAIPUR, RAJASTHAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krati Bhardwaj ◽  
Chandrakala Agarwal ◽  
Dhiraj Saxena ◽  
Jitendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Craniovertebral Junction ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Human Skull ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medium Type ◽  
Skull Bones

Background: The present study was conducted for analysis of the morphometry shape and determination of sex by foramen Magnum. Methods: After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria 30 dried human skull of unknown age and sex were slected for present study from the Department of anatomy, S.M.S. Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan. In case of skull bones, all 30 cranial bases were visually assessed for FM shape classification. Each FM shape was classified into one of the 8 types: oval, egg, round, tetragonal, pentagonal, hexagonal, combination of 2 different semicircles and irregular. Results: The mean anteroposterior diameter of foramen magnum male and female skull bones were found to be 37.17±1.76 mm  and 33.92±3.50 mm respectively.The mean transverse diameter of foramen mgnum in male and female skull bones were found to be 29.49±2.68 mm and 29.38±2.47 mm respectively.The mean area of foramen magnum male and female skull bones were found to be 818.05±119.66 mm² and   847.57±105.85 mm² respectively.The mean index of foramen magnum in male and female skull bones were found to be 84.00±5.41 and 80.27±5.79 respectively.Overall skull bones showed a medium type of foramen magnum index . Conclusion: We concluded that the several anatomic parameters such as shape and dimensions of foramen magnum should be taken into consideration during surgery involving the craniovertebral junction. Also these can be used during forensic and anthropological investigation of unknown individuals for determining gender, ethnicity, etc Keywords: Skull, foramen magnum, skull.

scholarly journals Determination of transverse diameter and longitudinal axis in patients with cholecystitis and cholelithiasis by computed tomography to rule out gallbladder carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 5643-5649
Author(s):  
Vishram Singh ◽  
Durgesh Singh ◽  
Ashutosh Tandon ◽  
Yogesh Yadav ◽  
Richa Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Gallbladder Carcinoma ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
The North ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Abdominal Disease ◽  
Rule Out

The aim of the article is to the determination of transverse diameter and longitudinal axis in patients with cholecystitis and with the help of CT scan in the north Indian population for the estimation of epidemiology. Patients with cholecystitis and of ages between 17-80 years irrespective of gender were included in the study (cases). All patient's cases (100) and controls (100) were advised the night before that did not eat or drink. Control groups (Normal Gallbladder) were collected when patients are comprised of other abdominal disease diagnosed by computed tomography. The mean age of controls and cases was 47.24±11.57 and 45.20±16.22 years, respectively studied by computed tomography. More than half of cases (62%) and 50% of controls were females. The transverse diameter was significantly (p=0.0001) higher among cases (36.42±15.52 mm) than controls (24.12±9.11 mm) studied by computed tomography. Longitudinal axis was significantly (p=0.0001) higher among cases (33.23±14.73 mm) than controls (21.75±8.69) studied by computed tomography. Transverse diameter>25 correctly predicted cholecystitis and by CT in 38.5% cases with sensitivity and specificity of 77% (95%CI=68.8-85.2) and 74% (95%CI=55.7-74.3%) respectively. Longitudinal axis >25 correctly predicted cholecystitis and by CT in 34.5% cases with specificity and sensitivity of 69% (95%CI=59.9-78.1) and 71% (95%CI=62.1-79.9%) respectively. We concluded in this study, increased transverse diameter and longitudinal axis were observed. Good sensitivity and specificity of these two parameters were also found in predicting cholecystitis and by computed tomography. All such cases should be subjected to biopsy for examination to rule out the gallbladder carcinoma for better prognosis.

scholarly journals ROLE OF SACRUM IN SEX DETERMINATION IN WEST BENGAL POPULATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ujwala Bhanarkar ◽  
Baishakhi Koley
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Curvature Index ◽  
Degree Of Certainty

Background: Sex classification of a bone is possible with a degree of certainty only if it can be compared to a series of bones of known sexual dimorphism. Different parameters and indices are available based on which the sex can be determined using sacrum. Thus, it always attracted the attention of the medico-legal experts for establishing the sex, because of its contribution to pelvic girdle and associated functional sex differences. Objective: Study the sexual dimorphism and regional differences of the varied features of the sacrum in West Bengal population and compare the significant anthropometric indices with similar observations across India. Material and method: The study comprised of 50 adult sacra (35 male and 15 female), obtained from the department of anatomy and department of forensic medicine of ICARE Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and Haldia Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Haldia, West Bengal. Different parameters viz. mid ventral straight length, mid ventral curved length, ventral straight breadth, transverse diameter of base, transverse diameter of body of S1, antero-posterior diameter of body of S1, breadth of alae were measured and indices viz. sacral index, longitudinal curvature index and corporobasal index were calculated and statistically analyzed. Result: Sacral index was found to be the most useful criterion for identification of sex followed by breadth of alae, corporobasal index and the ventral straight breadth. Conclusion: In the present study, out of the eleven parameters of the sacrum, seven parameters yielded statistical significance between the two sexes. Therefore, it can be concluded that sex determination of the sacrum with 100% accuracy may possible only when maximum number of parameters are taken into consideration. Keywords: Sacrum, sexual dimorphism, sacral parameters, sacral index

scholarly journals Shapes and Sizes of Sella Turcica Using Computerized Tomography (CT) from Tertiary Hospital in Sokoto, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Z. Usman ◽  
A. D. Zagga ◽  
G. H. Yunusa ◽  
U. Abubakar ◽  
A. Bello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Middle Cranial Fossa ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cranial Fossa

Cephalometry deals with measurement of body parts or radiological specimen. Sella turcica is an important anatomical structure located in the middle cranial fossa, housing the pituitary gland. Various shapes and sizes of the sellae turcica were reported. In this study, using computerized tomographic (CT) scans from a tertiary hospital, one hundred and seventy five (175) scans were analyzed using Radiant version 4.2 (Medixant 2017) for determination of sizes and shapes of the sella. Average dimensions from the study include: Length (12.4 mm), A-P diameter (14.1 mm), depth (9.6 mm) and transverse diameter (13.8 mm). Shapes were classified as being round (56.6%), oval (32%) and flat (11.4%). In another classification of shape variation, the findings are: Normal (68.6%), anterior oblique (9.1%), pyramidal (6.9%), double contour floor (5.7%), notching on the posterior wall (5.1%) and sella bridge (4.6%). Males tend to have higher sella sizes than females and there is statistical significant difference between them especially in respect to A-P diameter and length parameters. However, there is no sex predilection to shapes.

scholarly journals Determination of sex of sacrum in adult Macaca mulatta1

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Mei Wang ◽  
Xiao-Fan Han ◽  
Xiao-Jin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Two Indices

[Abstract]BackgroundSacrum being a part of pelvis is an important bone for identification of sex in both living primates and fossil ones.AimAim of this work was to examine the sex differences of sacral parameters in rhesus macaques and to compare with those of the other primates.Materials and MethodsFifty-six adult scara of macaques (17 males and 39 females) have been investigated. Measurement of various parameters was done using sliding vernier calliper; and statistical analysis was done using SPSS 23.0 package.ResultsThe present study showed that the cranial breadth of the sacrum, the sacral length, transverse diameter and sagittal diameter of the cranial articular surface, and two indices of relative sacral breadth were highly significant for sex determination in Macaca mulatta. Comparison of the present data with other studies suggest that sex determination of sacrum can be very different in various types of primates.ConclusionThe results suggest that these measures may be functionally integrated in response to locomotion, obstetric adequacy and cephalopelvic proportions in primates. Sacral index is more reliable and should be applied for sex determination of sacrum in various anatomical and anthropological investigations.

scholarly journals Organoleptic Evaluation of Amomi Fructus and Its Further Background Verified via Morphological Measurement and GC Coupled with E-Nose

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Xu ◽  
Yan Lin ◽  
Rudolf Bauer ◽  
Hui-Rong Chen ◽  
Rui-Qi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Organoleptic Evaluation ◽  
Discriminant Model ◽  
Morphological Measurement ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Guang Dong ◽  
Instrumental Approaches

The present study investigated the maneuverability and reasonability of sensory analysis, which has been applied in TCM identification for a long time. Ten assessors were trained and generated the human panel to carry out the organoleptic evaluation of twenty-five batches of Sha-Ren samples. Accordingly, samples were scored from 0 (lowest) to 10 (highest) for sensory attributes. Based on this, samples were divided into three classes: high class (Yang-Chun-Sha from Guang-Dong), moderate class (Yang-Chun-Sha samples from Yun-Nan and Guang-Xi), and low class (Lv-Qiao-Sha from marketplaces). For further background, three instrumental approaches were employed: morphological measurement with three indices (longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, and 100-fruit weight), GC for determination of bornyl acetate contents, and E-nose for aromatic fingerprint. It is demonstrated in the results that GC and E-nose analyses were in great agreement with organoleptic evaluation. It gives insights into further studies on searching better morphological indicators and improving discriminant model of E-nose.

scholarly journals Cephalometric Analysis of Sella Turcica for Age Determination from Sokoto, Nigeria: A Radiological Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Z. Usman ◽  
G. H. Yunusa ◽  
A. Bello ◽  
J. D. Usman ◽  
A. Aliu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Middle Cranial Fossa ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Radiological Study ◽  
Cranial Fossa

Cephalometry deals with the measurement of the head or radiological specimen of the head. Sella turcica is an important anatomical structure located in the middle cranial fossa, housing the pituitary gland. Various shapes and sizes of the sellae turcica have been reported. However, in this study, using computerized tomographic (CT) scans, one hundred and seventy-five (175) scans were analyzed using Radiant version 4.2 for determination of sizes and shapes of the sella. Average dimensions from the study include length (12.4mm), A-P diameter (14.1 m), depth (9.6 mm) and transverse diameter (13.8mm). Shapes were classified as being round (56.6%), oval (32%) and flat (11.4%). Males tend to have higher sella sizes than females and there are statistically               significant differences between them especially in respect to A-P diameter and length parameters. Also, there is a statistically significant relationship between age groups in terms of A-P diameter and depth of the sella turcica. However, there is no correlation between age and shapes found in the study.

scholarly journals Role of Morphometry of Placenta in Determination of Birth Weight of Fetus in Hypertensive Mothers

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
Yousuf Begum ◽  
Syeda Ayesha Fatima ◽  
Syeda Khadija Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Uncomplicated Pregnancy ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
The Mean

Background: The present study was conducted to assess the association of morphometry of the placenta and birth weight of fetus in hypertensive mothers. Subjects and Methods: The present study was conducted on 74 pregnant women with an uncomplicated pregnancy and those with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). The following morphometric parameters of each placenta were recorded: weight, volume, thickness, transverse diameter, and shape. Gestational age of mothers, sex and birth weight of newborns were recorded. Results: The majority of male babies with weight > 2500 grams had > 37 weeks of gestational age and the majority of female babies with weight >2500 grams had >37 weeks of gestational age. The mean weight of placentae in male babies was 416.7 grams, the mean surface area was 226.5 sq cm, mean volume was 372.2 ml and mean thickness were 2.04 cm. while the mean weight of placentae in female babies was 407.5 grams, the mean surface area was 220.4 sq cm, mean volume was 354.6 ml and mean thickness was 2.10 cm. Statistics show that the highest sensitivity and specificity for determining the low birth weight of babies in hypertensive mothers was seen with a surface area of the placenta which was 82.3% and 75.6% respectively. The positive predictive value for the weight of the placenta was 65.4%, for the surface area it was 67.8% and for the volume of the placenta, it was 64.2%. Conclusion: To conclude, it was found that placental morphometry like weight, surface area, volume and sex of the baby determined the birth weight efficiently in hypertensive mothers.

scholarly journals OSTEOMETRY OF FEMUR WITH ITS CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Jha ◽  
R Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Neck Shaft Angle ◽  
Vertical Diameter ◽  
Shaft Angle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

Introduction: Femur osteometry is important for establishing individual identity, designing of prosthesis for hip replacement surgeries, nail application, and determination of age and sex. Review of previous study showed a lack of extensive database. This study was undertaken to build baseline data for femur osteometry in North Indian population. Material & Methods: One hundred and fifteen dry human femur of undetermined age and gender were collected for this study. Parameters namely length of femur, vertical diameter of head, transverse diameter of head, epicondylar breadth and neck shaft angle were measured using a vernier calliper. Data was analysed statistically using SPSS 19 software. Results: The mean values for length, vertical diameter head, transverse diameter head , epicondylar breadth and neck shaft angle were 418.16+27.34 mm, 38.43 ± 3.87mm, 35.41 ± 3.76mm, 72.06 ± 6.55mm and 121.5 º ± 6.14 respectively for the studied population. Conclusion: Study signifies the importance of collecting ostemetric data of femur for a specific population due to ethnic and environmental factors affecting it.

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