Ki -ras point mutation in different types of colorectal carcinomas in early stages

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kojima ◽  
F. Konishi ◽  
T. Tsukamoto ◽  
K. Yamashita ◽  
K. Kanazawa
Keyword(s):  
Point Mutation ◽  
Colorectal Carcinomas ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Different Types

scholarly journals Effects of different types of shelter on physiology and growth of Sangiovese vines during the first year after planting

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 04020
Author(s):  
Giovan Battista Mattii ◽  
Eleonora Cataldo ◽  
Linda Salvi ◽  
Sofia Sbraci ◽  
Francesca Paoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
First Year ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Circular Section ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Single Leaf ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchanges ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sprout Growth

In the early stages of planting, the shelter can provide for young vines protection against damage of various kinds. Despite their widespread use, few surveys have been devoted to the study of innovative shelter types and the possible influence of these protections on the physiology and development of plants. In the present experiment, which took place in 2017 in a Tuscan winery, the effects of vine protections by the company OSO (Prato) on single leaf gas exchanges and on the shoot growth in the first year of planting were studied. Three types of shelters with a circular section (completely perforated, partially perforated and closed) have been compared with the traditional full-wall shelters with square section. During the growing season, sprout growth measures, leaf area, leaf gas exchanges and water potential were carried out on the young vines. At the end of the season, shoots were sampled to measure the dry matter accumulated during the season. Among the shelters taken into consideration, it emerges that the completely perforated type guarantees the best development, with differences that are almost always significant for most of the measured parameters with traditional shelters. On the contrary, the closed typology has led to a reduction in growth, in gas exchanges and in water potential. In conclusion, the type completely perforated could constitute a valid alternative to the traditional one because, besides being a useful means for the protection of the vine, it could benefit the development of the root system in the early stages of growth.

scholarly journals Key Navigation-Ballistic Technologies for Improving the Efficiency of Spacecraft Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
А. E. Tyulin ◽  
◽  
V. V. Betanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Principles ◽  
Spacecraft Control ◽  
General Classification ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Technological Cycle ◽  
Efficient Control ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Processing Algorithms

The article focuses on the issues of creating promising space technologies, their general characteristics, and special features. The basic principles for creating and implementing key navigation-ballistic technologies, which help ensure efficient control of spacecraft, are substantiated. A classification of the technologies is proposed based on the characteristics most often used in the area under consideration. Two bar charts of a typical technological cycle of navigation-ballistic support with the possibility of processing a joint sample of measurements of current navigation parameters and recurrent Kalman processing algorithms are analyzed. A variant of a general classification of technologies that allows singling out and correlating different types and classes of technologies is given. This contributes (especially at the early stages) to the improvement of the efficiency of their development.

Results of a follow-up study of occlusion status in Ukrainian schoolchildren

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 725-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryna Ivanivna Dmytrenko ◽  
Oleh Nesterenko
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Dental Crowding

Introduction. Dental crowding complicates sagittal, vertical and transversal types of malocclusion and it is accompanied by aesthetic, functional and morphological disorders even on the early stages of occlusion formation. Aim of the study. The aim of the study is to carry out follow up study of occlusion state of one schoolchildren group in period from temporary to permanent dentition in order to determine in age aspect frequency and mechanism of development of malocclusions, complicated by dental crowding. Materials and methods. Follow up study of occlusion state in 434 schoolchildren of Poltava aged from 6 to 11 years old (girls – 246 (56,68%), boys – 188 (43,32%) was performed during six years. Results. The follow-up of one contingent of children confirms high (79,96%) prevalence of malocclusion in mixed dentition, which increases during permanent dentition to an average of 84,33%, that is to 4,37%. Orthodontic pathology in permanent dentition becomes more expressed and severe. Malocclusions complicated by dental crowding are the most widespread types, their frequency doubles within six years, mixed dentition – 33,54% permanent dentition – 68,67%. (Rχ2 lower than 0,05). There is no statistically significant difference in factors of dental crowding presence in different types of malocclusion (Рχ2> 0,05). Conclusions. Frequency of the sagittal, vertical and transversal forms of malocclusion complicated by dental crowding was 33.54% in mixed dentition , and in six years it increased by 68,67% in permanent dentition.

The ultrastructure of the developing urodele notochord

1962 ◽  
Vol 156 (965) ◽  
pp. 459-482 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Microscopic Morphology ◽  
Cytoplasmic Processes

The ultra-structure of the developing notochord in urodele embryos, from the neurula to young tadpole stages, has been studied in thin sections. The first part of the paper is con­cerned with the intercellular membranes, the second with intracellular structures. In neurula stages the notochord cells are in rather loose contact, and gaps of considerable size occur between them. In tailbud stages, the cells become much more closely apposed, the surface of contact being usually thrown into slight waves or bumps; when sectioned normally it appears as two closely adherent profiles. In later tailbud stages the plasma membranes of the cells begin to fall apart again. The first sign of this is the appearance of small vesicles whose form suggests that fluid is being secreted into the intercellular spaces. These membrane vesicles increase considerably in numbers, but not in average dimensions(diameter about 500 to 700 Å). It is concluded that the increase in the closeness of associa­tion between contiguous cell membranes, which is seen during the early stages of chordagenesis, might provide the motive force which brings about the morphogenesis of the organ, as has been suggested earlier. The later separation of the cell membranes, with the appearance of membrane vesicles, is an unexpected phenomenon the significance of which is not clear. At the beginning of the period, the cells are of an undifferentiated embryonic type; by the end of it they have acquired a specific histological character, involving the appearance of large fluid-filled intracellular vacuoles, the formation of a notochordal sheath and other features. During the course of differentiation, two different types of ergastoplasm make their appearance one after another. The first is associated with the formation of the fluid-filled vacuoles; the second with the formation of the sheath ; and an ergastoplasm resembling the second chordal type is also found in the mesenchyme cells which lie against the external surface of the sheath. All three ergastoplasms are continuous with the nuclear envelope at the time when they are rapidly increasing in size; and it seems probable that they are directly derived from the outer member of the nuclear envelope. Golgi elements, mitochondria and various other types of granule (‘multi-vesiculate bodies') are also found. In the early stages the body of the nucleus is often penetrated by long cytoplasmic processes. It is suggested that these may arise when the new nuclear envelope is being formed at telophase. It is argued that the morphologically characteristic types of ergastoplasm found in different types of cell, and at different stages during the development of a given type of cell, are probably not merely consequences of the particular type of synthesis proceeding, since they appear before such synthesis can have got very far; it seems more probable that the ultra-microscopic morphology of the nuclear envelope and ergastoplasm is a visible expres­sion of the nature of the synthetic machinery. The functions of these structures might either be to increase the efficiency of the nuclear control of cytoplasmic processes, or to contribute to the co-ordination between the various different synthetic processes which must be involved in differentiation.

scholarly journals Remote control of early stages of different types of stress in various plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-142
Author(s):  
O.V. Grigorieva ◽  
◽  
V.N. Gruzdev ◽  
I.V. Drozdova ◽  
B.V. Shilin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Control ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Different Types

Dynamic evolution of specific catalytic sites on Pt nanoparticles

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector Barron ◽  
George Opletal ◽  
Richard D. Tilley ◽  
Amanda S. Barnard
Keyword(s):  
Surface Defects ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Catalytic Reactions ◽  
Dynamic Evolution ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Catalytic Sites ◽  
Different Types

Different types of surface defects are needed for specific types of catalytic reactions, and can be promoted or suppressed by varying the temperature and rates during the early stages of growth.

scholarly journals WHEN TO CALL THE CUSTOMER? TIMING OF CUSTOMER INVOLVEMENT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 1950055
Author(s):  
SABIT VESELAJ ◽  
MAGNUS THOR TORFASON
Keyword(s):  
New Products ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Project Performance ◽  
Customer Needs ◽  
Customer Involvement ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Different Types

Involving customers in the development of new products and services helps firms understand customer needs, increasing the likelihood of meeting those needs and expectations. Although a large body of literature addresses the implications of customer involvement for project performance, the results of previous research are somewhat inconsistent. This paper explores this issue by examining the differing impact of customer involvement on the development of new products and new services. We propose that the role of customer involvement differs for these two types of innovations, with involvement in the early stages more important for products and involvement in the launch stage more important for services. Our results, based on a comprehensive dataset on customer involvement in innovation, are consistent with such a pattern, suggesting that more attention should be paid to the conditional benefits of customer involvement in different types of solution development.

A Combined TEM and Atom Probe Approach to Analyse the Early Stages of Age Hardening in AA 6016

2016 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf Engler ◽  
C. Schäfer ◽  
Henk Jan Brinkman ◽  
Calin D. Marioara ◽  
Masaya Kozuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atom Probe ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Artificial Ageing ◽  
Phase Decomposition ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Different Types ◽  
6Xxx Series ◽  
Insight Into

In this study we aim at combining the results from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atom probe tomography (APT) to study the early stages of phase decomposition in the age hardening alloy AA 6016. Samples are subjected to different periods of natural ageing or artificial pre-ageing at elevated temperature in order to produce different types of clusters and early stages of precipitation before age hardening commences. APT is utilized to detect clusters and identify their compositions, whereas TEM is applied to analyse and quantify number density and sizes of the particles during artificial ageing at 185°C. It is shown that the two techniques, TEM and APT, are complementary and a combined approach yields more detailed insight into the early stages of phase decomposition in age hardening 6xxx series alloys than possible by the sole use of either technique individually.

scholarly journals ENHANCEMENT OF FLOW ANISOTROPIES DUE TO MAGNETIC FIELD IN RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (33) ◽  
pp. 2477-2486 ◽  
Author(s):  
RANJITA K. MOHAPATRA ◽  
P. S. SAUMIA ◽  
AJIT M. SRIVASTAVA
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Flow Coefficient ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Background Magnetic Field ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Magnetic Field

It is known that the presence of background magnetic field in cosmic plasma distorts the acoustic peaks in CMBR. This primarily results from different types of waves in the plasma with velocities depending on the angle between the magnetic field and the wave vector. We consider the consequences of these effects in relativistic heavy-ion collisions where very strong magnetic fields arise during early stages of the plasma evolution. We show that flow coefficients can be significantly affected by these effects when the magnetic field remains strong during early stages due to strong induced fields in the conducting plasma. In particular, the presence of magnetic field can lead to enhancement in the elliptic flow coefficient v2.

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