Mucor strictus Hagem, a psychrophilic fungus, andMucor falcatus sp.n.

1967 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. A. Schipper
Keyword(s):  
Psychrophilic Fungus

Polygalacturonase isolated from the culture of the psychrophilic fungus Sclerotinia borealis

1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 417-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihide Takasawa ◽  
Keiko Sagisaka ◽  
Koichi Yagi ◽  
Kyoko Uchiyama ◽  
Atsushi Aoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Enzyme Reaction ◽  
Wheat Seedling ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Pectic Acid ◽  
Snow Mold ◽  
Viscosity Change ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Psychrophilic Fungus

A polygalacturonase was isolated from the culture medium of Sclerotinia borealis, a psychrophilic fungus that grows on lawn and wheat seedling under the snow in winter and induces the snow mold disease. Pectic acid was a better substrate of this enzyme than pectin when the activity was determined by measuring the reducing sugar produced. However, when the activity was measured by viscosity change, the viscosity of pectin decreased more rapidly than that of pectic acid. The results of viscosity change apparently indicate that the polygalacturonase catalyzes pectin hydrolysis as an endo-type enzyme. Highly methyl-esterified pectin was a poor substrate, as determined by measurements of reducing sugar production and viscosity change. It is suggested from the results that the methoxy group of pectin affects the polygalacturonase reaction. A reaction mechanism was proposed for the polygalacturonase reaction. Molecular mass of this enzyme was 40 kDa and its isoelectric point was pH 7.5. Optimum pH of the enzyme reaction was 4.5 and its optimum temperature was 40–50 °C. Thirty percent of the maximum activity was observed at 5 °C, but it was only slightly active above 60 °C. The activity was preserved for more than 2 years at 5 °C and pH 4.5, but it was lost when kept at room temperature overnight or heated at 50 °C for 30 min. The amino acid sequence of the N-terminal region of the psychrophilic polygalacturonase of Sclerotinia borealis is compared with those of polygalacturonases of mesophilic fungi. The function of this enzyme against the target plants is discussed with reference to the reaction of polygalacturonases of mesophilic fungi.Key words: polygalacturonase, pectin-hydrolyzing enzyme, psychrophilic fungi, snow mold disease, Sclerotinia borealis.

Cytotoxic Metabolites from the Antarctic Psychrophilic Fungus Oidiodendron truncatum

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 920-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyuan Li ◽  
Dehai Li ◽  
Yepeng Luan ◽  
Qianqun Gu ◽  
Tianjiao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Psychrophilic Fungus ◽  
The Antarctic

scholarly journals Biomass of a Psychrophilic Fungus as a Biocatalyst for Efficient Direct Esterification of Citronellol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Kutyła ◽  
Mariusz Trytek ◽  
Katarzyna Buczek ◽  
Ewa Tomaszewska ◽  
Siemowit Muszyński
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Active Biomass ◽  
Direct Esterification ◽  
Citronellyl Acetate ◽  
Biomass Activity ◽  
Psychrophilic Fungus

AbstractA biomass-bound lipase from psychrophilic Chrysosporium pannorum A-1 is an efficient biocatalyst for direct esterification of β-citronellol and acetic acid in an organic solvent. The biomass is effectively produced by fungal submerged culture at 20 ℃, which results in lower energy consumption during the production of biocatalyst. Supplementation of the culture medium with calcium carbonate together with olive oil contributed to a significant increase in the active biomass of mycelium in one batch culture and increased the efficiency of the biocatalyst. Biomass-bound lipase showed high catalytic activity in a broad temperature range of 30–60 °C and stability up to 70 °C. A maximum molar conversion value of 98% was obtained at 30 °C in n-hexane using a 2:1 alcohol-to-acid molar ratio and 3% w/v of the biocatalyst within 24 h. The high equimolar concentration of the substrates (200 mM) did not have an adverse effect on mycelial biomass activity. Dry mycelium of C. pannorum is a promising biocatalyst for large-scale biosynthesis of citronellyl acetate, given its low-cost production, high activity at low temperatures, and reusability in a minimum of seven 24-h biocatalytic cycles.

scholarly journals Characterization of acid invertase from the snow mould Monographella nivalis: a mesophilic enzyme from a psychrophilic fungus

1995 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREW J. CAIRNS ◽  
CATHERINE J. HOWARTH ◽  
CHRISTOPHER J. POLLOCK
Keyword(s):  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Snow Mould ◽  
Psychrophilic Fungus

A NEW PSYCHROPHILIC FUNGUS CAUSING GERMINATION FAILURE OF CONIFER SEEDS

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1589-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Epners
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Conifer Seeds ◽  
Psychrophilic Fungus ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Germinated Seeds

The germination of coniferous seeds has been very low for several years at the Province of Ontario Nurseries located at Midhurst and Orono, in extreme cases being reduced to only 2%.Between 1959 and 1963 seeds which had failed to germinate were collected from beds of Pinus resinosa Sol., Pinus sylvestris L., Pinus strobus L., and Picea glauca (Moench.) Voss. From all such seeds tested a psychrophilic fungus was isolated, which grows between −1 and 27 °C but does not grow at 30 °C. In such non-germinated seeds the fungus is found in all cells of the endosperm and embryo, but instead of rotting the seeds, it mummifies them. The fungus was found in a viable state in infected seed [Formula: see text] years after these were sown.The fungus has not yet been identified and no record has been found of its previous isolation. In this work it has been called the seed-fungus (S-fungus). It is not a damping-off fungus since it does not kill the seedlings before or as they emerge from the soil and, even when seedling stems are soft and succulent, it does not cause root rot or top killing. Under favorable conditions the fungus may kill 100% of conifer seeds in infested soil. Control was achieved through pelleting the seeds with Captan.The fungus produces sympodiospores and has some affinity with the genera Costantinella and Nodulisporium, but differs significantly from them.

PRELIMINARY STUDIES OF THE PHYSIOLOGY OF SCLEROTINIA BOREALIS, A HIGHLY PSYCHROPHILIC FUNGUS

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. B. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Lag Period ◽  
Psychrophilic Fungus

A study was made of the influence of temperature on growth and oxygen uptake by Sclerotinia borealis Bub. and Vleug. Growth was measured as the increase in diameter of colonies on agar media and oxygen uptake, by conventional manometric procedures with cells removed from shake cultures incubated at 0 °C.The results indicated that the fungus is highly psychrophilic with an optimum temperature for growth at 0 °C, a maximum at approximately 15 °C, and a minimum below −5 °C. Cultures grown at 0 °C ceased to grow when transferred to temperatures above 15 °C but, within limits, resumed growth again after a lag when returned to 0 °C. The length of the lag period was proportional to both the degree and the duration of the temperature elevation.The optimum temperature for oxygen uptake was 25 °C, the rate remaining linear at this temperature during a 6-hour incubation period. The rate at 25 °C declined slowly over a period of 4 days but the rate at 1 °C declined to a similar degree. The Q10for oxygen uptake was very low, the rate at 25 °C being only double that at 1 °C.

scholarly journals Morphological and Molecular Characterizations of Psychrophilic Fungus Geomyces destructans from New York Bats with White Nose Syndrome (WNS)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. e10783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishnu Chaturvedi ◽  
Deborah J. Springer ◽  
Melissa J. Behr ◽  
Rama Ramani ◽  
Xiaojiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Geomyces Destructans ◽  
White Nose Syndrome ◽  
Psychrophilic Fungus

Temperature-induced changes in the hyphal morphology of the psychrophile Sclerotinia borealis

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. B. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Hyphal Morphology ◽  
Random Manner ◽  
Psychrophilic Fungus ◽  
Induced Changes

Growth of the psychrophilic fungus, Sclerotinia borealis is arrested at, and above 20 °C. Such temperatures cause an immediate increase in diameter of the hyphae and loss of hyalinity. The peripheral hyphae of a colony subsequently shrivel but the older hyphae continue to thicken. Resumption of growth at the optimum temperature occurs from these older hyphae but otherwise it arises in a random manner, suggesting that the normal coordination between hyphae within the colony is destroyed.

Ecological and physiological characterization ofHumicola marvinii, a new psychrophilic fungus from fellfield soils in the maritime Antarctic

Mycologia ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard N. Weinstein ◽  
Mary E. Palm ◽  
Keith Johnstone ◽  
David D. Wynn-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Maritime Antarctic ◽  
Physiological Characterization ◽  
Psychrophilic Fungus

The effect of growth temperature on the fatty acid composition of Thamnidium elegans Link

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 670-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Manocha ◽  
C. D. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Degree Of Unsaturation ◽  
Psychrophilic Fungus ◽  
Response To Temperature ◽  
First Time

The fatty acid composition of a slightly psychrophilic fungus, Thamnidium elegans, has been determined and compared with other mucoraceous fungi. The growth temperature strongly influences the degree of unsaturation of lipids, as reported for other organisms, but in T. elegans both the quantitative and qualitative profiles of the fatty acids are affected. At low temperature, T. elegans contains both α- and -γ-isomers of linolenic acid. The α-isomer is reported here for the first time in a mucoraceous fungus. Besides the biosynthesis of α-linolenic acid at the low temperature, T. elegans shows an increase in synthesis of a relatively unknown fatty acid in fungi, i.e. octadecatetraenoic acid (18:4Δ6,9,12,15). The significance of the occurrence of both the isomers of linolenic acid as a response to temperature and in relation to fungal phylogeny is discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document