Transfer of cesium ion from the aqueous phase into the mixed organic phase of a two-phase water/nitrobenzene-carbon tetrachloride extraction system

1991 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Paulenová ◽  
V. Švec ◽  
R. Kopunec
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Extraction System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Cesium Ion ◽  
Phase Water

scholarly journals Distribution of micro-amounts of europium in the two-phase water-HCl-nitrobenzene-N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-diphenyl-2,6-dipicolinamide-hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate extraction system

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 781-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Makrlík ◽  
Petr Vaňura ◽  
Pavel Selucký ◽  
Vasily Babain ◽  
Ivan Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Stability Constants ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Extraction And Stability Constants ◽  
Extraction System ◽  
Hydrogen Dicarbollylcobaltate ◽  
Nitrobenzene Solution ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Phase Water

Extraction of micro-amounts of europium by a nitrobenzene solution of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate (H+B-) in the presence of N,N'-dimethyl- -N,N'-diphenyl-2,6-dipicolinamide (MePhDPA, L) was investigated. The equilibrium data were explained assuming that the species HL+, + HL2 , 3+ EuL2 and 3+ EuL3 are extracted into the organic phase. The values of the extraction and stability constants of the species in nitrobenzene saturated with water were determined.

Chemical equilibria including particles I-, I3-, I5-, and I2 in two-phase water-nitrobenzene extraction system

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 2602-2605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Makrlík
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Extraction System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Chemical Equilibria ◽  
Phase Water ◽  
General Relations ◽  
Homogeneous Reactions

General relations among thermodynamic parameters characterizing chemical equilibria with species I-, I3-, I5-, and I2 in the two-phase water-nitrobenzene extraction system have been derived. Furthermore, these relations have been used for calculating equilibrium constants K1aq(I3-) and K2aq(I5-) corresponding to homogeneous reactions I-(aq) + I2(aq) ⇄ I3-(aq) and I3-(aq) + I2(aq) ⇄ I5-(aq) proceeding in the aqueous phase of the system under study. Finally, stability of polyiodides I3- and I5- in both phases has been discussed.

Calix[4]arene-crown-5 as a selective extraction reagents for K+/H+, Rb+/H+ and Rb+/Cs+ separations

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Vaňura ◽  
Emanuel Makrlík ◽  
Pavel Selucký
Keyword(s):  
Stability Constants ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Nitrobenzene Solution ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Extraction Constants ◽  
Exchange Extraction ◽  
Phase Water ◽  
The Stability

Abstract From extraction experiments, the exchange extraction constants corresponding to the general equilibriums M+ (aq) + NaL+ (org) ⇔ ML+ (org) + Na+ (aq) or M+ (aq) + CsL+ (org) ⇔ ML+ (org) + Cs+ (aq), which take place in the two-phase water–nitrobenzene extraction system (M+ = Li+, H3O+, Ag+, K+, NH4 +, Tl+, Rb+; L = calix[4]arene-bis crown5(1,3-alternate), 26,28-dipropoxycalix[4]arene-crown-5(1,3-alternate), 11,23-dibromo-25,28-dipropoxycalix[4]arene-crown-5 (1,3-alternate) and 1,3-alternate-25,27-dihydroxycalix[4]arene-crown-5; aq = aqueous phase, org = organic phase), were evaluated. The stability constants of the NaL+ and CsL+ complexes were calculated from the extraction of the respective picrates in the system of water–nitrobenzene solution of L. Further, the stability constants of the ML+ complexes in nitrobenzene saturated with water were determined. High selectivities were found in some systems under study.

scholarly journals Stability of the barium-benzo-15-crown-5 complex in nitrobenzene saturated with water

2006 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 1147-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Makrlík ◽  
P. Vaňura
Keyword(s):  
Stability Constant ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Extraction Constant ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Nitrobenzene Phase ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
System L ◽  
Exchange Extraction ◽  
Phase Water ◽  
The Stability

From extraction experiments and ?-activity measurements, the exchange extraction constant corresponding to the equilibrium Ba2+(aq) + SrL2 2+(nb) _ BaL 2 2+(nb) + Sr2+(aq) occurring in the two-phase water-nitrobenzene system (L = benzo-15-crown-5; aq = aqueous phase, nb = nitrobenzene phase) was evaluated as log K ex (Ba2+, SrL22+) = 0.3 ? 0.1. Furthermore, the stability constant of the benzo-15-crown-5-barium complex in nitrobenzene saturated with water was calculated for the temperature of 25 ?C: log ?nb (BaL2 2+) = 13.3?0.1.

Ionic product of water in the nitrobenzene phase of the two-phase water-nitrobenzene extraction system

1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 760-763
Author(s):  
Emanuel Makrlík
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Extraction System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Nitrobenzene Phase ◽  
Ionic Product ◽  
Phase Water ◽  
General Relations

General relations among thermodynamic parameters, which characterize the transfer of the ions H+ and OH- from the aqueous into nitrobenzene phase of the two-phase water-nitrobenzene extraction system and dissociation equilibria of H2O in both phases of this system, have been derived. Further, using the known parameters ionic product of water in nitrobenzene saturated with water has been evaluated for a temperature of 25°C: PnbH2O = 10-29.2 mol2 dm-6.

scholarly journals Recovery of steroidal glucosiduronic acids from organic solvents containing anionic liquid ion-exchangers

1972 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vernon R. Mattox ◽  
Robert D. Litwiller ◽  
June E. Goodrich
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Ion Exchangers ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Organic Solutions ◽  
Solubilizing Effect

Solutions of anionic liquid ion-exchangers in organic solvents are potentially useful for extracting steroidal glucosiduronic acids from biological fluids and for purifying mixtures of these acids by chromatography. If a glucosiduronic acid is to be isolated in pure form after either of these procedures, it is necessary to separate it from the ion-exchanger. Separation from an organic solution of tetraheptylammonium chloride may be accomplished by extraction with water under the following conditions, which promote transfer of a glucosiduronate to the aqueous phase: (1) an appropriate solvent (diluent) as the organic phase, (2) the presence in the two-phase mixture of an anion such as myristate or dodecyl sulphate to combine with the tetraheptylammonium ion, and (3) an increase of the pH of the aqueous phase in association with the presence of myristate or dodecyl sulphate. The foregoing factors apply also to removal of glucosiduronates from organic solutions of ion exchangers that are hydrochlorides of tertiary, secondary, or primary amines. Since these amines exert progressively less solubilizing effect for glucosiduronates as the pH of the aqueous phase is increased, the conjugates can be released from the organic phase by adjusting the pH to 10 and omitting the myristate or dodecyl sulphate.

Two-phase oxidation of toluene derivatives by dioxygen using the 3-cyano-1-decylquinolinium ion as a photocatalyst

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (47) ◽  
pp. 41011-41014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kei Ohkubo ◽  
Kensaku Hirose ◽  
Shunichi Fukuzumi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Phase Oxidation ◽  
Oxygenated Products

The two-phase photocatalytic oxidation of toluene by O2 occurred efficiently using the 3-cyano-1-decylquinolinium ion in toluene with H2O to produce the oxygenated products in the organic phase and H2O2 in the aqueous phase.

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