Utility of defeated resistance genes to powdery mildew, Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei, in spring barley variety mixtures

1984 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 257-265
Author(s):  
H. D. Mastebroek
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Barley Variety ◽  
Variety Mixtures

scholarly journals Virulence frequencies to powdery mildew resistance genes of winter barley cultivars

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dreiseitl
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Random Samples

The virulence frequencies to powdery mildew resistance genes possessed by winter barley cultivars registered and newly tested in the Czech Republic were studied in 2000, 2002 and 2004. Random samples of the populations originating from winter and spring barley fields were obtained from the air by a mobile version of a jet spore sampler mounted on a car roof. Conidia were sampled by driving across the Czech Republic. Fourteen differentials, carrying 18 out of 20 currently identified resistance genes present in winter barley cultivars, were used. High virulence frequencies (85–100%) to most resistance genes were found. Lower virulence frequencies (14.1–40.1%) were found to only three resistance genes that have not been described yet; their preliminary designations are Ml(Va), Ml(Dt) and Ml(Ca). The importance of resistance of winter barley cultivars is discussed with respect to limiting the speed with which the pathogen adapts to genetic resistances possessed by commercial cultivars of both winter and spring barley, and to the necessity of lowering the costs for powdery mildew control in barley.

scholarly journals Specific Resistance of Barley to Powdery Mildew, Its Use and Beyond: A Concise Critical Review

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonín Dreiseitl
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Barley Cultivars

Powdery mildew caused by the airborne ascomycete fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh) is one of most common diseases of barley (Hordeum vulgare). This, as with many other plant pathogens, can be efficiently controlled by inexpensive and environmentally-friendly genetic resistance. General requirements for resistance to the pathogens are effectiveness and durability. Resistance of barley to Bgh has been studied intensively, and this review describes recent research and summarizes the specific resistance genes found in barley varieties since the last conspectus. Bgh is extraordinarily adaptable, and some commonly recommended strategies for using genetic resistance, including pyramiding of specific genes, may not be effective because they can only contribute to a limited extent to obtain sufficient resistance durability of widely-grown cultivars. In spring barley, breeding the nonspecific mlo gene is a valuable source of durable resistance. Pyramiding of nonspecific quantitative resistance genes or using introgressions derived from bulbous barley (Hordeum bulbosum) are promising ways for breeding future winter barley cultivars. The utilization of a wide spectrum of nonhost resistances can also be adopted once practical methods have been developed.

scholarly journals Resistance of Spring Barley Varieties to Powdery Mildew in theCzechRepublicin 1971–2000

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 31-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dreiseitl ◽  
P. Pařízek
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
High Susceptibility ◽  
Pathogen Population ◽  
Major Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Score

Resistance to powdery mildew of 127 spring barley varieties was evaluated in 702 official variety trials, using scores from 1 to 9. Trials with sufficient disease severity were only analysed. Varieties possessing the resistance genes Mla7 (Elgina), Ml(Kr) (BR-1519), Mla13 (Koral) and mlo (Forum) were among the most resistant ones. The varieties Diamant, HE-3527, HE-3631, II/61-FUDII and Zefir showed high susceptibility. Fifteen varieties, carrying the genes Mla1, Mla3, Mla6, Mla9, Mla13, Ml(Kr) and Ml(Sc), were in the first years of testing highly resistant, but became susceptible later. The score of the most resistant variety ranged each year from 8.05 to 9.00, only in 1987–1991 it was lower. Since the pathogen population rapidly adapted to most resistance genes in the mid eighties, no resistant variety was found in 1987–1989. From 1986 to 1995 on average only 6.6% of the tested varieties were resistant, but there was no variety with resistance score above 8.50. High resistance was typical for varieties possessing an effective major resistance gene. Since the resistance of such varieties was not durable, we recommend breeding of varieties with at least two fully effective resistance genes, using molecular markers.  

Powdery Mildew Resistance Genes in 127 Northwest European Spring Barley Varieties

1992 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Jensen ◽  
E. Christensen ◽  
J. Helms Jorgensen
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mildew Resistance
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