Role of toxins in evolution and ecology of plant pathogenic fungi

1991 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 804-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Scheffer
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi

scholarly journals Regulation of effector gene expression as concerted waves in Leptosphaeria maculans: a two-players game

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Clairet ◽  
Elise J Gay ◽  
Antoine Porquier ◽  
Françoise Blaise ◽  
Claire-Line Marais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Effector Gene ◽  
Effector Genes

During infection, plant pathogenic fungi secrete a set of molecules collectively known as effectors, involved in overcoming the host immune system and in disease establishment. Effector genes are concertedly expressed as waves all along plant pathogenic fungi lifecycle. However, little is known about how coordinated expression of effector genes is regulated. Since many effector genes are located in repeat-rich regions, the role of chromatin remodeling in the regulation of effector expression was recently investigated. In Leptosphaeria maculans, causing stem canker of oilseed rape, we established that the repressive histone modification H3K9me3 (trimethylation of Lysine 9 of Histone H3), deposited by the histone methyltransferase KMT1, was involved in the regulation of expression of genes highly expressed during infection, including effectors. Nevertheless, inactivation of KMT1 did not induce expression of these genes at the same level as observed during infection of oilseed rape, suggesting that a second regulator, such as a transcription factor (TF), might be involved. Pf2, a TF belonging to the Zn2Cys6 fungal specific TF family, was described in several Dothideomycete species as essential for pathogenicity and effector gene expression. We identified the orthologue of Pf2 in L. maculans, LmPf2, and investigated the role of LmPf2 together with KMT1, by inactivating and over-expressing LmPf2 in a wild type (WT) strain and a ∆kmt1 mutant. Functional analyses of the corresponding transformants highlighted an essential role of LmPf2 in the establishment of pathogenesis. Transcriptomic analyses during axenic growth showed that LmPf2 is involved in the control of effector gene expression. We observed an enhanced effect of the over-expression of LmPf2 on effector gene expression in a ∆kmt1 background, suggesting an antagonist role between KMT1 and LmPf2.

The role of sphinganine analog mycotoxins on the virulence of plant pathogenic fungi

Toxin Reviews ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 73-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Sánchez-Rangel ◽  
Javier Plasencia
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi

Grape Marc Compost Tea Suppressiveness to Plant Pathogenic Fungi: Role of Siderophores

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Diánez ◽  
M. Santos ◽  
A. Boix ◽  
M. de Cara ◽  
I. Trillas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Compost Tea ◽  
Grape Marc

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF CLASSIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION BY CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SOME FUNGICIDES AND HERBICIDES

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Marupova Manzura Aminovna ◽  
Ahadjonov Mavlonjon Mahmudjon o’g’li ◽  
Kosimova Hafizakhon
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
The State ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
International Convention ◽  
State Chemical

This article gives the types, meaning, application and classification of fungicides and herbicides. The role of the International Convention on the classification of goods, the significance of the State chemical Commission, as well as suggestions for improving their classification and certification of these substances in the commodity nomenclature of Foreign economic activity (HS code). KEY WORDS: pesticide, herbicide, fungicide, plant pathogenic fungi, commodity nomenclature of foreign economic activity, position, subitem, sub-subitem, ingredient, indicator.

The Amazing Role of the Group III of Histidine Kinases in Plant Pathogenic Fungi, an Insight to Fungicide Resistance

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Islas-Flor ◽  
Y. Sanchez-Ro ◽  
L. Brito-Arga ◽  
L. Peraza-Ech ◽  
C. Rodriguez- ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungicide Resistance ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Histidine Kinases ◽  
Group Iii

Fungal Phytotoxins in Sustainable Weed Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Vurro ◽  
Angela Boari ◽  
Francesca Casella ◽  
Maria Chiara Zonno
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Disease Etiology ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Toxic Metabolites

Fungal phytotoxins are natural secondary metabolites produced by plant pathogenic fungi during host–pathogen interactions. They have received considerable particular attention for elucidating disease etiology, and consequently to design strategies for disease control. Due to wide differences in their chemical structures, these toxic metabolites have different ecological and environmental roles and mechanisms of action. This review aims at summarizing the studies on the possible use of these metabolites as tools in biological and integrated weed management, e.g. as: novel and environmentally friendly herbicides; lead for novel compounds; sources of novel mechanisms of action. Moreover, the limiting factors for utilizing those metabolites in practice will also be briefly discussed.

First record of Pestalotiopsis spp. from affected leaves of mastic shrubs (Pestacia lentiscus L.) in northeastern of Libya.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (08) ◽  
pp. 4744
Author(s):  
Zahra Ibrahim El-Gali
Keyword(s):  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
First Record ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Pistacia Lentiscus ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Al Jabal Al Akhdar ◽  
First Time

This study was carried out to identify the unknown different symptoms and their causes as plant pathogenic fungi from Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar District. Plant materials with fungal signs and symptoms were collected and examined. The main fungi consistently isolated from symptomatic leaves and twigs were Pestalotiopsis spp. Morphology, colony characteristics, and pathogenicity of the isolates were examined. My report the occurrence of Pestalotiopsis spp. on leaves of mastic (Pistacia lentiscus) for the first time in Libya.

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