Structure of zonulae occludentes and the permeability of the epithelium to short-chain fatty acids in the proximal and the distal colon of guinea pig

1984 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Luciano ◽  
E. Reale ◽  
G. Rechkemmer ◽  
W. v. Engelhardt
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Zonulae Occludentes ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Impact of Encapsulated Lactobacillus casei 01 Along with Pasteurized Purple-Rice Drinks on Modulating Colon Microbiome using a Digestive Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 637-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pittaya Chaikham ◽  
Arunee Apichartsrangkoon ◽  
Srivilai Worametrachanon ◽  
Tom Van de Wiele
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Microbial Ecosystem ◽  
Gelatinized Starch ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Abstract The prospect of Lactobacillus casei 01 and pasteurized purple-rice drinks on modulating colon microbiome by using a simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem was investigated. Accordingly, L. casei 01 alone and with pasteurized purple-rice drink were administered into the proximal and distal colons. In consequence, some colon bacteria and their metabolic activities were examined. The results showed that upon modulating the colon microbiota by L. casei 01 alone with pasteurized germinated-purple-rice drink in the distal colon, acetate and propionate (short-chain fatty acids) were equivalently elevated but other treatments performed differently. Based on the profile of colon microbiota, most treatments stimulated the highest number of lactobacilli followed by bifidobacteria, while other undesirable bacteria were moderately diminished. In overall, larger gelatinized starch in the rice drinks enabled by pasteurization triggered off better modulating impact than by pressurization.

scholarly journals Permeability properties of apical and basolateral membranes of the guinea pig caecal and colonic epithelia for short-chain fatty acids

2002 ◽  
Vol 1565 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Busche ◽  
Joachim Dittmann ◽  
Hans-Dieter Meyer zu Düttingdorf ◽  
Uwe Glockenthör ◽  
Wolfgang von Engelhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Basolateral Membranes ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

THE EFFECTS OF SHORT-CHAIN FATTY ACIDS AND STARVATION ON THE METABOLISM OF GLUCOSE AND LACTATE BY THE PERFUSED GUINEA PIG HEART

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1605-1621 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Davis ◽  
J. H. Quastel
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Lactate Oxidation ◽  
Exogenous Glucose ◽  
Acetate Butyrate ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Uniformly labelled14C-glucose, when present at a concentration of 5 mM, is oxidized to14CO2by perfused guinea pig hearts at a rate of 10 μmoles per g wet weight per hour. Radioactivity is incorporated into glutamate, glutamine, alanine, aspartate, and heart proteins. During perfusion for 1 hour there is a high rate of incorporation of14C-glucose into glycogen and very little radioactive lactate accumulates. The cardiac glycogen is not increased.The oxidation of14C-glucose to14CO2by perfused hearts is suppressed more than 90% by prolonged starvation or by addition of acetate, butyrate, or pentanoate. The incorporation of radioactivity into glutamate and glutamine is almost completely blocked, while the radioactive labelling in alanine is undiminished. Cardiac glycogen of guinea pigs is increased approximately threefold by a 72-hour fast. Lactate production is increased in hearts of starved animals and by exogenous fatty acids. The short-chain fatty acids mentioned increase the net incorporation of exogenous glucose into cardiac glycogen, and there is apparently less net glycogenolysis in their presence than in their absence. Propionate reduces glucose oxidation to CO2by about 40% and has a much less pronounced effect on incorporation of glucose carbon into glutamate than that of acetate or butyrate. It has little effect on incorporation of exogenous glucose into cardiac glycogen, or on the amount of lactate which accumulates in the perfusing medium.1-14C-Lactate and 2-14C-lactate are rapidly oxidized to14CO2, and radioactivity from 2-14C-lactate is incorporated into glutamate, glutamine, alanine, and aspartate. Starvation, or the presence of acetate, butyrate, or pentanoate, suppresses lactate oxidation and incorporation of its carbon into glutamate and glutamine. The utilization of14C-lactate is diminished by these fatty acids to about the same extent as that of14C-glucose.These results may be explained by an inhibitory effect of acetyl-CoA on pyruvate oxidation by guinea pig hearts.1-14C-Acetate, 1-,4C-propionate, and 1-14C-butyrate are rapidly oxidized to14CO2and the labelled C is incorporated into glutamate, glutamine, and aspartate. Oxidation of acetate is not affected by starvation or by the presence of glucose or of propionate.

scholarly journals The short chain fatty acids, butyrate and propionate, have differential effects on the motility of the guinea pig colon

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1586-1596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norm R. Hurst ◽  
Derek M. Kendig ◽  
Karnam S. Murthy ◽  
John R. Grider
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids
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