Compressive strength of cement containing ash from municipal refuse or sewage sludge incinerators

1989 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Lisk
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Refuse

scholarly journals Modification of Ordinary Concrete Using Fly Ash from Combustion of Municipal Sewage Sludge

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Rutkowska ◽  
Piotr Wichowski ◽  
Małgorzata Franus ◽  
Michał Mendryk ◽  
Joanna Fronczyk
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Water Penetration ◽  
The Impact

This article focuses on the impact of fly ash from the combustion of municipal sewage sludge (FAMSS) as a cement additive in the amounts of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% (by mass) on selected concrete properties. In the course of the experimental work, water penetration depth and compressive strength measurements were made at various periods of curing (from 2 to 365 days). In addition, the potential impact of FAMSS on the natural environment was examined by determining the leachability of heavy metals. FAMSS-modified concretes showed small values of water penetration depth (lower than 50 mm), as well as good compressive strength (reaching minimum class C30/37 after 130 days of maturing)—similar to the compressive strength obtained for conventional concrete. In addition, the partial replacement of cement with FAMSS has environmental benefits, expressed as a reduction in CO2 emissions. In addition, study has shown that compliance with environmental requirements is associated with heavy metal leaching.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the long-term compressive strength development of the sewage sludge ash/metakaolin-based geopolymer

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (343) ◽  
pp. e254
Author(s):  
D. Istuque ◽  
L. Soriano ◽  
M.V. Borrachero ◽  
J. Payá ◽  
J.L. Akasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sewage Sludge Ash ◽  
Dense Microstructure ◽  
Compressive Strength Development ◽  
Physicochemical Characterisation ◽  
Sludge Ash

This paper aimed to evaluate the long-term compressive strength development of the sewage sludge ash/metakaolin (SSA/MK)-based geopolymer. SSA/MK-based geopolymeric mortars and pastes were produced at 25ºC with different SSA contents (0 - 30 wt.%). Compressive strength tests were run within the 3-720 curing days range. A physicochemical characterisation (X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy) was performed in geopolymeric pastes. All the geopolymeric mortars presented a compressive strength gain with curing time. The mortars with all the SSA evaluated contents (10, 20, 30 wt.%) developed a compressive strength over 40 MPa after 720 curing days at 25ºC. The maximum compressive strength of the mortars with SSA was approximately 61 MPa (10 wt.% of SSA), similarly to the reference mortar (100% MK-based geopolymer). The microstructure analyses showed that the SSA/MK-based geopolymer presented a dense microstructure with N-A-S-H gel formation.

Strength Performance of Sustainable Mortar Containing Recycle Sewage Sludge Ash (SSA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
NURUL NAZIERAH MOHD YUSRI ◽  
KARTINI KAMARUDDIN ◽  
HAMIDAH MOHD SAMAN ◽  
NURAINI TUTUR
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Sewage Sludge Ash ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Sludge Ash ◽  
Almost All

Sewage sludge is a by-product generated within the wastewater treatment process. Severe concern arised as the sludge are massively been dumped to the landfill and it may affect the environment. Many studies had been conducted in reusing the sewage sludge as construction material, where it is one of the optional ways to solve the issue. In this study, dried sewage sludge was incinerated with two different temperatures in order to produce sewage sludge ash (SSA), which are 800°C and 1000°C. After few processes, this SSA then reused in mortar as cement replacement with the replacement percentage of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% by weight. The strength performance of mortar specimens was investigated after 7, 28, 60 and 90 days of curing. From the results, it is clearly showed that the compressive strength of all mortar specimens increased when the period of curing was prolonged. Moreover, almost all compressive strength of SSA mortars was higher than the control mortar. Therefore, there is potential to reuse this waste material as part of construction materials and hence, its plays an important role for future researches in minimisation of waste.

INCUBATION OF PULVERIZED HOUSEHOLD REFUSE WITH SOIL AND SEWAGE SLUDGE, POULTRY MANURE OR (NH4)2SO4

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. LOEWEN-RUDGERS ◽  
LARRY D. KING ◽  
L.R. WEBBER
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Incubation ◽  
Liquid Manure ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Municipal Refuse ◽  
Digested Liquid ◽  
Land Disposal

Pulverized household refuse (C/N ratio of 60:1) was incubated with Guelph loam (refuse rate of 3.5 or 7%) and sufficient anaerobically digested liquid sewage sludge, liquid poultry manure or (NH4)2SO4 to result in an added waste C/N ratio of 45:1 to 15:1. Most decreases in dry weight occurred during the first 168 days, suggesting that the more readily decomposable organic materials were nearly decomposed by 168 days. Dry weight decreases suggested that rate of refuse decomposition was not influenced by amount of supplemental N or by N carrier, probably because the soil and/or the refuse supplied substantial N. Incubation of refuse and high-N waste with soil resulted in considerably lower nitrate levels than incubation of high-N waste with soil. Incubation of refuse with soil resulted in lower nitrate levels than incubation of soil alone. In most treatments including refuse, nitrate N decreased from 108 ppm to less than 10 ppm at 28 days, remained low until 168 days and then increased. At incubation termination (224 days), nitrate levels in most treatments including refuse were similar to or lower than that for the control (~130 ppm NO3−-N). However, nitrate N levels varied from 214 ppm to 534 ppm at 224 days for those treatments which included 3.5% refuse and the highest level of high-N waste. Decreases in total inorganic N increased with increasing amounts of inorganic N applied, suggesting that immobilization and/or losses through processes such as NH3 volatilization increased with amount of inorganic N applied. Results supported the conclusion derived from associated field and lysimeter studies that were reported elsewhere, that simultaneous land disposal of pulverized municipal refuse and high-N wastes such as liquid sewage sludge or liquid manure is feasible. However, the inorganic N supplying power of the soil should be determined before waste application so that waste levels can be adjusted to avoid large accumulations of nitrate.

Corrosion and Deposits from Combustion of Solid Waste—Part VII: Coincineration of Refuse and Sewage Sludge

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 698-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Krause ◽  
P. W. Cover ◽  
W. E. Berry ◽  
R. A. Olexsey
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Metal Temperature ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Prevention Measure ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Municipal Refuse

Corrosion probe exposures were conducted in the Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, incinerator to determine the effects of burning low-chloride sewage sludge with municipal refuse. Probes having controlled temperature gradients were used to measure corrosion rates for exposure times up to 816 hours. The effects of exposure time, metal temperature, and gas temperature were studied. The results demonstrated that the addition of the sludge reduced the initial corrosion rates of carbon and low-alloy steels to about half that from refuse alone. Little effect was observed on the rates for Types 310 and 347 stainless steels. An aluminized coating on steel resisted corrosion effectively and offers promise as a cost-effective substitute for expensive alloys. In the range 500–900° F the corrosion rates of carbon steel and T22 increased with temperature while those for the stainless steels decreased. Reducing the flue gas temperature from 1500° F to 1100° F reduced corrosion rates significantly and made them less dependent on metal temperature. The addition of low-chloride sludge to refuse is recommended as a corrosion prevention measure and a waste disposal technique.

scholarly journals Temperature Influence on Ordinary Concrete Modified with Fly Ashes from Thermally Conversed Municipal Sewage Sludge Strength Parameters

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5259
Author(s):  
Gabriela Rutkowska ◽  
Paweł Ogrodnik ◽  
Joanna Fronczyk ◽  
Ayla Bilgin
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Fly Ashes ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Concrete is the most commonly used structural material, without which modern construction could not function. It is a material with a high potential to adapt to specific operating conditions. The use of this potential is made by its material modification. The aim of the performed investigations was the assessment of rational application possibilities of fly ashes from thermally conversed municipal sewage sludge as an alternative concrete admixture. A concrete mix was designed, based on the Portland cement CEM I 42.5R and containing various quantity of ash, amounting to 0–25% of cement mass. The samples were conditioned and heated in a furnace at the temperature of 300 °C, 500 °C, and 700 °C. Physical and chemical properties of the ashes as well as utility properties of the concrete, i.e., density, compressive strength after 28, 56, and 90 days of maturation, frost resistance, and compressive strength in high temperature were determined. The tests were performed at cubic samples with 10 cm edge. The replacement of a determined cement quantity by the fly ashes enables obtaining a concrete composite having good strength parameters. The concrete modified by the fly ashes constituting 20% of the cement mass achieved its average compressive strength after 28 days of maturation equal to 50.12 MPa, after 56 days 50.61 MPa and after 90 days 50.80 MPa. The temperature growth weakens the composite structure. The obtained results confirm the possibility of waste recycling in the form of fly ashes as a cement substitute in concrete manufacturing.

scholarly journals Compressive Strength Properties and Microstructure of Mortar Mixed with Sewage Sludge Burned Ash in Various Curing Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 752-757
Author(s):  
Toshiaki IDENOSHITA ◽  
Masami UZAWA ◽  
Shin YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Masahiro MAEDA ◽  
Hideki IGAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Curing Conditions
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