History of blood gas analysis. IV. Leland Clark's oxygen electrode

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Severinghaus ◽  
Poul B. Astrup
Keyword(s):  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Oxygen Electrode ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals A paradigmatic case of haemolysis and pseudohyperkalemia in blood gas analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-172
Author(s):  
Gian Luca Salvagno ◽  
Davide Demonte ◽  
Giuseppe Lippi
Keyword(s):  
Reference Range ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Plastic Tube ◽  
History Of

A 51-year old male patient was admitted to the hospital with acute dyspnea and history of chronic asthma. Venous blood was drawn into a 3.0 mL heparinized syringe and delivered to the laboratory for blood gas analysis (GEM Premier 4000, Instrumentation Laboratory), which revealed high potassium value (5.2 mmol/L; reference range on whole blood, 3.5-4.5 mmol/L). This result was unexpected, so that a second venous blood sample was immediately drawn by direct venipuncture into a 3.5 mL lithium-heparin blood tube, and delivered to the laboratory for repeating potassium testing on Cobas 8000 (Roche Diagnostics). The analysis revealed normal plasma potassium (4.6 mmol/L; reference range in plasma, 3.5-5.0 mmol/L) and haemolysis index (5; 0.05 g/L). Due to suspicion of spurious haemolysis, heparinized blood was transferred from syringe into a plastic tube and centrifuged. Potassium and haemolysis index were then measured in this heparinized plasma, confirming high haemolysis index (50; 0.5 g/L) and pseudohyperkalemia (5.5 mmol/L). Investigation of this case revealed that spurious haemolysis was attributable to syringe delivery in direct ice contact for ~15 min. This case emphasizes the importance of avoiding sample transportation in ice and the need of developing point of care analysers equipped with interference indices assessment.

History of blood gas analysis. I. The development of electrochemistry

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Severinghaus ◽  
Paul B. Astrup
Keyword(s):  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
History Of

History of Blood Gas Analysis

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 977-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS F. HORNBEIN
Keyword(s):  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
History Of

History of blood gas analysis. VII. Pulse oximetry

1987 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Severinghaus ◽  
Yoshiyuki Honda
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Oximetry ◽  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
History Of

History of blood gas analysis. VI. Oximetry

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Severinghaus ◽  
Poul B. Astrup
Keyword(s):  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
History Of

The Invention and Development of Blood Gas Analysis Apparatus

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Severinghaus
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Oxygen Electrode ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Oxygen Dissociation Curve ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Dissociation Curve ◽  
Oxygen Dissociation

In 1953, the doctor draft interrupted Dr. Severinghaus' anesthesia and physiology training and sent him to the National Institutes of Health as director of anesthesia research at the newly opened Clinical Center. He developed precise laboratory partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO(2)) and pH analysis to investigate lung blood gas exchange during hypothermia. Constants for carbon dioxide solubility and pK' were more accurately determined. In August 1954, he heard Richard Stow describe invention of a carbon dioxide electrode and immediately built one, improved its stability, and tested its response characteristics. In April 1956, he also heard Leland Clark reveal his invention of an oxygen electrode. Dr. Severinghaus obtained one and constructed a stirred cuvette in which blood partial pressure of oxygen (PO(2)) could be accurately measured. Technician Bradley and Dr. Severinghaus combined these, making the first blood gas analysis system in 1957 and 1958, and shortly thereafter, they added a pH electrode. Blood gas analyzers rapidly developed commercially. Dr. Severinghaus collaborated with Astrup and other Danes on the Haldane and Bohr effects and their concepts of base excess during two sabbaticals in Copenhagen. Work with both Astrup and Roughton on the oxygen dissociation curve led Dr. Severinghaus to devise a modified Hill equation that closely fit their new, better human oxygen dissociation curve and a blood gas slide rule that solved oxygen dissociation curve, PCO(2), pH, and acid-base questions. Blood gas analysis revolutionized both clinical medicine and cardiorespiratory and metabolic physiology.

History of blood gas analysis. V. Oxygen measurement

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Severinghaus ◽  
Poul B. Astrup
Keyword(s):  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oxygen Measurement

Blood gas analysis in newborns with low cardiac output syndrome after cardiac surgery.

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 676-687
Author(s):  
G.G. Khubulava ◽  
A.B. Naumov ◽  
S.P. Marchenko ◽  
O.Yu. Chupaeva ◽  
A.A. Seliverstova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Low Cardiac Output Syndrome ◽  
Low Cardiac Output
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document