Acute toxicity of oil and bilge cleaners to larval American oysters (Crassostrea virginica)

1982 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sigler ◽  
L. Leibovitz
Author(s):  
William L. Goodfellow ◽  
Dennis T. Burton ◽  
William C. Graves ◽  
Lenwood W. Hall ◽  
Keith R. Cooper

Author(s):  
George G. Cocks ◽  
Louis Leibovitz ◽  
DoSuk D. Lee

Our understanding of the structure and the formation of inorganic minerals in the bivalve shells has been considerably advanced by the use of electron microscope. However, very little is known about the ultrastructure of valves in the larval stage of the oysters. The present study examines the developmental changes which occur between the time of conception to the early stages of Dissoconch in the Crassostrea virginica(Gmelin), focusing on the initial deposition of inorganic crystals by the oysters.The spawning was induced by elevating the temperature of the seawater where the adult oysters were conditioned. The eggs and sperm were collected separately, then immediately mixed for the fertilizations to occur. Fertilized animals were kept in the incubator where various stages of development were stopped and observed. The detailed analysis of the early stages of growth showed that CaCO3 crystals(aragonite), with orthorhombic crystal structure, are deposited as early as gastrula stage(Figuresla-b). The next stage in development, the prodissoconch, revealed that the crystal orientation is in the form of spherulites.


Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
GM Avila-Villarreal ◽  
DE Giles-Rivas ◽  
B Aguilar-Guadarrama ◽  
P Castillo-España ◽  
S Estrada-Soto

1968 ◽  
Vol 20 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 588-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B Goodsell ◽  
R. A Krause ◽  
E. T Kimura

SummaryUbiquin (oligo-3-(N-methylmorpholinium)-l,2-propylene oxide chloride) is a stable, water soluble, active heparin antagonist producing prompt neutralization when administered in a 1:1 ratio to rats and dogs. Initial studies indicate that it is devoid of any effect on coagulation per se; nor are there any obvious side effects manifested during the process of neutralization. The acute toxicity is less than that of other compounds in use: toluidine blue, protamine and hexadimethrine.


2019 ◽  
Vol 331 (8) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
N.Y. Morozov ◽  
◽  
S.I. Tchukina ◽  
E.I. Koveshnikova ◽  
◽  
...  

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