The modified stomata of the floral nectary ofVicia faba L. 1. Development, anatomy and ultrastructure

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 166 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 134-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Davis ◽  
B. E. S. Gunning
Keyword(s):  
Floral Nectary ◽  
Ofvicia Faba ◽  
Modified Stomata ◽  
Anatomy And Ultrastructure

scholarly journals Anatomy and ultrastructure of floral nectary of lnula helenium L (Asteraceae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Sulborska ◽  
Elżbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Secretory Vesicles ◽  
Nectar Secretion ◽  
Golgi Bodies ◽  
Floral Nectary ◽  
Granular Cytoplasm ◽  
Inula Helenium ◽  
Modified Stomata ◽  
Floral Nectaries ◽  
Anatomy And Ultrastructure

Floral nectaries of <em>Inula helenium</em> L. only occurred in disc florets and were situated above the inferior ovary. The shape of the investigated glands (five-armed star with rounded tips and deep incisions - observed from above) clearly differed from the shape of the nectaries of other <em>Asteraceae</em>, also the height of nectary was much lower (129 µm). The glandular tissue of the nectaries of elecampane was composed of a single-layered epidermis and 5--9 layers of secretory cells. Nectar was released through modified stomata, mainly arranged in the top part of the gland. The secretory cells were characterised by granular cytoplasm and the presence of a large, often lobate, cell nucleus. In the cytosol, numerous amoeboid plastids, mitochondria, Golgi bodies and ribosomes were present. In small vacuoles, myelin-like structures, fibrous material and vesicles with the content of substances which can be secretion, were observed. The plastid stroma showed different electron density and the presence of internal tubules and plastoglobules. Vesicular extensions forming bright zones were visible between the membranes of the nuclear envelope. Adjacent to the plasmalemma, as well as between the plasmalemma and the cell wall, secretory vesicles occurred, indicating the granulocrine mechanism of nectar secretion.

Nectary structure and nectar presentation in the Mediterranean geophyte, Urginea maritima (Hyacinthaceae)

Botany ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 1194-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharaf Al-Tardeh ◽  
Thomas Sawidis ◽  
Barbara-Evelin Diannelidis ◽  
Stylianos Delivopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Urginea Maritima ◽  
Floral Nectary ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Septal Nectary ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Subsidiary Cells ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Anatomy And Ultrastructure

The morphology, anatomy, and ultrastructure of the floral nectary of Urginea maritima (L.) Baker were investigated at three stages of nectary development. The plant possesses a typical gynopleural (septal) nectary with secondary presentation. The nectary consists of one layer of epithelium secretory cells and one to four layers of subsidiary cells subtended by two to six layers of parenchyma (subnectary) cells. The nectary releases the nectar at a point two-thirds towards the summit of the ovary by means of carpellary sutures. Nectar secretion appears to depend largely on the hydrolysis of starch grains stored in amyloplasts at the intermediate stage. The hydrolysis process most likely commences in the epithelium layer followed by the subsidiary tissue and then the parenchyma cells of the ovary wall. A symplastic transfer of the secreted nectar occurs by plasmodesmata connecting the subsidiary cells to the parenchyma and the epithelial secretory cells. However, microchannels in the cell wall of the epithelial cells may facilitate the apoplastic transfer of the nectar into the nectary cavity. The old stage of nectary development is characterized by a crystallized form of nectar, collapse of the parenchyma cells, complete starch hydrolysis, and disappearance of the amyloplasts and endoplasmic reticulum.

The Modified Stomata of the Floral Nectary ofVicia fabaL.

Botanica Acta ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Davis ◽  
B. E. S. Gunning
Keyword(s):  
Floral Nectary ◽  
Modified Stomata

Anatomy and ultrastructure of the floral nectary ofTontelea micrantha(Celastraceae: Salacioideae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Olívia Mercadante-Simões ◽  
Elder Antônio Sousa Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Floral Nectary ◽  
Anatomy And Ultrastructure

scholarly journals Floral Nectary Anatomy and Ultrastructure in Mycoheterotrophic Plant,Epipogium aphyllumSw. (Orchidaceae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Święczkowska ◽  
Agnieszka K. Kowalkowska
Keyword(s):  
Floral Biology ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Floral Nectary ◽  
Dense Bodies ◽  
Mycoheterotrophic Plants ◽  
Endocrine Secretion ◽  
Colour Form ◽  
Anatomy And Ultrastructure ◽  
Adaxial Cells

Epipogium aphyllumis a European-Asian obligatory mycoheterotrophic orchid containing no chlorophyll. Flowers are not resupinate with a sack-shape spur and cordate lip, which is divided into two parts: the basal (hypochile) and distal one (epichile). The floral analysis provides strong evidence to conclude that nectar is secreted on the upper surface of pink-coloured papillate ridges and epidermal (adaxial) cells at different place in spur, especially at the apex. The exudation on papillae has been observed through the entire anthesis and it has been stained on polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids. The dense cytoplasm of papillae contains profuse endoplasmic reticulum, plentiful vesicles (bigger ones with tannin-like materials), numerous mitochondria, sometimes dictyosomes, starch grains, and plastids with tubular structures. The large electron-dense bodies in cell walls are structurally the same as tannin-like materials from vesicles that are in contact with plasmalemma. The rupture of thin layer of swelled cuticle is caused by pressure of gathered substances exuded due to granulocrine secretion. The idioblasts with raphides occur mainly in tepals tissue. The dynamic changes of the nectar exudation, released through endocrine secretion, have been noticeable during the anthesis: both on the lip and inside the spur. The nectar secretion is not dependent on the colour form ofE. aphyllumblooming shoots. The floral biology and ultrastructure differ from mycoheterotrophic plants known up to date.

Anatomy and ultrastructure of the floral nectary inPeganum harmalaL. (Nitrariaceae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASUMEH ABEDINI ◽  
ALI MOVAFEGHI ◽  
MAHBUBEH ALIASGHARPOUR ◽  
MOHAMMAD REZA DADPOUR
Keyword(s):  
Floral Nectary ◽  
Anatomy And Ultrastructure

scholarly journals The structure of nectary of Platanthera bifolia L. Orchidaceae

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Stpiczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Floral Nectary ◽  
Secretory Tissue ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Anatomy And Ultrastructure

The anatomy and ultrastructure of floral nectary of <em>Platanthera bifolia</em> were studied. The epidermis inside the nectary spur showed characteristic features of secretory tissue. Many cells of this epidermis were protruded forming unicellular hairs. The protoplasts of secretory cells were characterized by few small vacuoles, a lot of mitochondria and leucoplasts, which stored starch before secretion. Numerous vesicles budded off from the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus were accumulated near plasmalemma and fused with it. This fact probably indicates that these structures are involved in secretory processes. Nectar was released onto the surface through the pores in a ruptured cuticle, which covered the walls of secretory hairs.

Anatomy and ultrastructure of haustoria in selected West Australian parasitic angiosperms

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 690-691
Author(s):  
John Kuo ◽  
John S. Pate
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Plants ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nutrient Transfer ◽  
Direct Solution ◽  
Tracheary Elements ◽  
Solute Transfer ◽  
Glycol Methacrylate ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Anatomy And Ultrastructure ◽  
Solution Transfer

Our understanding of nutrient transfer between host and flowering parasitic plants is usually based mainly on physiological concepts, with little information on haustorial structure related to function. The aim of this paper is to study the haustorial interface and possible pathways of water and solute transfer between a number of host and parasites.Haustorial tissues were fixed in glutaraldehyde and embedded in glycol methacrylate (LM), or fixed in glutaraldehyde then OsO4 and embedded in Spurr’s resin (TEM).Our study shows that lumen to lumen continuity occurs between tracheary elements of a host and four S.W. Australian species of aerial mistletoes (Fig. 1), and some root hemiparasites (Exocarpos spp. and Anthobolus foveolatus) (Fig. 2). On the other hand, haustorial interfaces of the root hemiparasites Olax phyllanthi and Santalum (2 species) are comprised mainly of parenchyma, as opposed to terminating tracheads or vessels, implying that direct solution transfer between partners via vessels or tracheary elements may be limited (Fig. 3).

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