The effects of acute phencyclidine treatment on neuropeptide Y (NPY) neuronal system in the rat arcuate nucleus studied by immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization

1996 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Fukui ◽  
Y. Kawashima ◽  
H. Iizumi ◽  
H. Utsumi ◽  
T. Nakajima
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Neuronal System

scholarly journals Altered Expression of Agouti-Related Protein and Its Colocalization with Neuropeptide Y in the Arcuate Nucleus of the Hypothalamus during Lactation*

Endocrinology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 2645-2650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peilin Chen ◽  
Chien Li ◽  
Carrie Haskell-Luevano ◽  
Roger D. Cone ◽  
M. Susan Smith
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Caudal Portion ◽  
Agouti Related Protein

Abstract During lactation, the levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY), which plays an important role in mediating food intake, are significantly elevated in a number of hypothalamic areas, including the arcuate nucleus (ARH). To identify additional hypothalamic systems that might be important in mediating the increase in food intake and alterations in energy homeostasis during lactation, the present studies examined the expression of agouti-related protein (AGRP), a recently described homologue of the skin agouti protein. AGRP is found in the hypothalamus and has been suggested to play an important role in the regulation of food intake. In the first experiment, animals were studied during diestrus of the estrous cycle, a stage of the cycle when estrogen levels are basal and similar to lactation, or during days 12–13 postpartum. Lactating animals had their litters adjusted to eight pups on day 2 postpartum. Brain tissue sections were used to measure AGRP messenger RNA (mRNA) levels by in situ hybridization. AGRP mRNA signal was found mostly in the ventromedial portion of the ARH, which has been shown to contain a high density of NPY neurons. A significant increase in AGRP mRNA content was observed in the mid- to caudal portion of the ARH of lactating animals compared with diestrous females. No difference was found in the rostral portion of the ARH. In the second experiment, double-label in situ hybridization for AGRP and NPY was performed in lactating animals to determine the extent of colocalization of the two peptides in the ARH, using 35S-labeled and digoxigenin-labeled antisense complementary RNA probes. It was found that almost all of the NPY-positive neurons throughout the ARH also expressed AGRP mRNA signal. Furthermore, AGRP expression was confined almost exclusively to NPY-positive neurons. Thus, the present study showed that during lactation, AGRP gene expression was significantly elevated in a subset of the AGRP neurons in the ARH. The high degree of colocalization of AGRP and NPY, coupled with previous reports from our laboratory demonstrating increased NPY expression in the ARH in response to suckling, suggests that AGRP and NPY are coordinately regulated and may be involved in the increase in food intake during lactation.

Ontogeny of neuropeptide Y expression in response to deprivation in lean Zucker rat pups

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (2) ◽  
pp. R466-R470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Kowalski ◽  
Thomas A. Houpt ◽  
Jeongwon Jahng ◽  
Nori Okada ◽  
Streamson C. Chua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Maternal Deprivation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Zucker Rat ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Rat Pups

Hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) activity is believed to play an important role in the response to food deprivation in adult rats. Little is known, however, about the role of the hypothalamic NPY system in the control of food intake in the preweanling rat. To address this issue, we examined the effect of deprivation on arcuate nucleus preproNPY expression in lean Zucker rat pups, using in situ hybridization. PreproNPY expression within the arcuate nucleus was localized to cells in the medial portion. Twenty-four hours of food, water, and maternal deprivation significantly increased the relative abundance of preproNPY mRNA in pups on postnatal day (P) 2, P9, P12, and P15 by 14–31%. This response, however, was not observed on P5. The absence of an effect on P5 and the magnitude of the response at the other ages tested were not correlated with the amount of weight lost during deprivation.

scholarly journals Immunolesion of Norepinephrine and Epinephrine Afferents to Medial Hypothalamus Alters Basal and 2-Deoxy-d-Glucose-Induced Neuropeptide Y and Agouti Gene-Related Protein Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Expression in the Arcuate Nucleus

Endocrinology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Fraley ◽  
S. Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Medial Hypothalamus ◽  
Agouti Gene

Abstract Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti gene-related protein (AGRP) are orexigenic peptides of special importance for control of food intake. In situ hybridization studies have shown that NPY and AGRP mRNAs are increased in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC) by glucoprivation. Other work has shown that glucoprivation stimulates food intake by activation of hindbrain glucoreceptor cells and requires the participation of rostrally projecting norepinephrine (NE) or epinephrine (E) neurons. Here we determine the role of hindbrain catecholamine afferents in glucoprivation-induced increase in ARC NPY and AGRP gene expression. The selective NE/E immunotoxin saporin-conjugated antidopamineβ-hydroxylase (anti-dβh) was microinjected into the medial hypothalamus and expression of AGRP and NPY mRNA was analyzed subsequently in the ARC under basal and glucoprivic conditions using 33P-labeled in situ hybridization. Saporin-conjugated anti-dβh virtually eliminated dβh-immunoreactive terminals in the ARC without causing nonspecific damage. These lesions significantly increased basal but eliminated 2-deoxy-d-glucose-induced increases in AGRP and NPY mRNA expression. Results indicate that hindbrain catecholaminergic neurons contribute to basal NPY and AGRP gene expression and mediate the responsiveness of NPY and AGRP neurons to glucose deficit. Our results also suggest that catecholamine neurons couple potent orexigenic neural circuitry within the hypothalamus with hindbrain glucose sensors that monitor brain glucose supply.

Expression of a Novel Neuropeptide Y Receptor Subtype Involved in Food Intake: An in Situ Hybridization Study of Y5 mRNA Distribution in Rat Brain

2000 ◽  
Vol 165 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret M. Durkin ◽  
Mary W. Walker ◽  
Kelli E. Smith ◽  
Eric L. Gustafson ◽  
Christophe Gerald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Receptor Subtype ◽  
Hybridization Study ◽  
Neuropeptide Y Receptor

scholarly journals LGR4 and Its Ligands, R-Spondin 1 and R-Spondin 3, Regulate Food Intake in the Hypothalamus of Male Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Yao Li ◽  
Biaoxin Chai ◽  
Weizhen Zhang ◽  
Danielle M. Fritze ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Paraventricular Nucleus ◽  
Median Eminence ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Brain

The hypothalamus plays a key role in the regulation of feeding behavior. Several hypothalamic nuclei, including the arcuate nucleus (ARC), paraventricular nucleus, and ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH), are involved in energy homeostasis. Analysis of microarray data derived from ARC revealed that leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4) is highly expressed. LGR4, LGR5, and LGR6 form a subfamily of closely related receptors. Recently, R-spondin (Rspo) family proteins were identified as ligands of the LGR4 subfamily. In the present study, we investigated the distribution and function of LGR4–LGR6 and Rspos (1–4) in the brain of male rat. In situ hybridization showed that LGR4 is expressed in the ARC, VMH, and median eminence of the hypothalamus. LGR4 colocalizes with neuropeptide Y, proopiomelanocortin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor neurons. LGR5 is not detectable with in situ hybridization; LGR6 is only expressed in the epithelial lining of the lower portion of the third ventricle and median eminence. Rspo1 is expressed in the VMH and down-regulated with fasting. Rspo3 is expressed in the paraventricular nucleus and also down-regulated with fasting. Rspos 1 and 3 colocalize with the neuronal marker HuD, indicating that they are expressed by neurons. Injection of Rspo1 or Rspo3 into the third brain ventricle inhibited food intake. Rspo1 decreased neuropeptide Y and increased proopiomelanocortin expression in the ARC. Rspo1 and Rspo3 mRNA is up-regulated by insulin. These data indicate that Rspo1 and Rspo3 and their receptor LGR4 form novel circuits in the brain to regulate energy homeostasis.

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