Effects of short-term m-xylene exposure and physical exercise on the central nervous system

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Savolainen ◽  
V. Riihim�ki ◽  
A. M. Sepp�l�inen ◽  
M. Linnoila
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Interleukin-8 modulates feeding by direct action in the central nervous system

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (4) ◽  
pp. R877-R882 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Plata-Salaman ◽  
J. P. Borkoski
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Lipopolysaccharide Endotoxin ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is released in response to infection, inflammation, and trauma. The most important stimuli for IL-8 release during these pathological processes are IL-1, tumor necrosis factor, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin), factors that have been shown to suppress feeding. In the present study, the participation of IL-8 on the central regulation of feeding was investigated. Intracerebroventricular (icv) microinfusion of recombinant human IL-8 (rhIL-8, 1.0-100 ng/rat) suppressed the short-term (2-h) food intake. The most effective dose of rhIL-8, 20 ng, decreased 2-h food intake by 25% and nighttime food intake by 23%. Intracerebroventricular microinfusion of anti-rhIL-8 antibody (200 and 500 ng) blocked the effect of 20 ng rhIL-8 on 2-h and nighttime food intakes. Computerized analysis of behavioral patterns for the 2-h period demonstrated a specific reduction of meal size (by 33%), whereas meal frequency and meal duration were not affected after the icv microinfusion of 20 ng rhIL-8. This short-term food intake suppression by icv rhIL-8 was accompanied by a small, but significant, increase in cerebrospinal fluid-brain and rectal temperatures. Intraperitoneal administration of rhIL-8 in doses equivalent to those administered centrally had no effect on food intake. The results suggest that IL-8 acts directly in the central nervous system to decrease feeding. This effect of IL-8 may contribute to the food intake suppression frequently accompanying pathological processes.

scholarly journals Myoclonus Considerations on Their Classification and Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
López Argüelles Julio ◽  
◽  
M Sosa Aguila Leydi ◽  
B Rodríguez Carvajal Aleima ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cortical Myoclonus ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Classification And Treatment

Myoclonus is defined as involuntary, sharp and short-term movements of one or more muscular groups, stemmed from any structure of the central nervous system. Even though the study the myoclonus to motivated great quantity of scientific articles is not known with precision the physiopathological mechanisms that produce them. There are numerous classifications of the myoclonus that consider semiologic aspects, etiological, nosological, or physiological. Within them it takes on great importance the cortical myoclonus which occurs after the cortical origin of discharge transmitted through the pyramidal way

scholarly journals A proposal for a tailored protocol for focal suppurative infection of the central nervous system: analysis of an institutional experience in pediatric patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. E11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhas Udayakumaran ◽  
Ticini Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Central Nervous System

OBJECTIVEThe incidence of focal suppurative infections (FSIs) of the brain has significantly decreased owing to the better health and fundamental conditions of the population on the one hand and earlier detection and the availability of more potent antibiotics on the other. Interestingly, the antibiotic protocols have not been well defined in terms of duration despite a prompter diagnosis, definitive management of the etiology, and the advent of various higher-generation antibiotics. In this study, the authors evaluated the current treatment protocol. Their aim was to optimize management protocols for FSIs of the central nervous system based on clinical parameters.METHODSThe study was a retrospective analysis of all children who had undergone surgical management for an FSI at the Division of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, Kerala, in the period from January 2001 to February 2018. In addition to demographic characteristics, the details of culture reports and antibiotic regimens were collected. The response to treatment was compared to changes in the infective profile (C-reactive protein) and imaging. Instances of reaspiration were compared with clinical signs, imaging findings, and infective profiles. Treatment response was separated into two groups: responders within or at 2 weeks and responders beyond 2 weeks. The clinical characteristics of these two groups were compared.RESULTSForty-eight children were treated in the study period. Nineteen patients benefited from the 2-week (short-term) protocol of intravenous antibiotics. Twenty-nine patients required more than 2 weeks (approximately 4 weeks; long-term protocol) for resolution. Of those requiring more than 2 weeks, 69% had cardiogenic etiology. All patients were followed up with a minimum of 3 weeks of oral antibiotics. In a comparative analysis between short-term and long-term responders, only etiology was significantly different. None of the patients who had the short-term protocol had a recurrence.CONCLUSIONSA shorter antibiotic protocol can be used successfully in carefully selected patients who are surgically treated and followed up. It is clear that the 2-week intravenous antibiotic protocol is more suitable for immunocompetent patients who have a noncardiogenic etiology.

The correctional help to children of early age with organic defeat of the central nervous system in groups of short-term stay

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Mishina ◽  
Elena Strebeleva ◽  
Yuliya Belyakova ◽  
Margarita Bratkova ◽  
Irina Vyrodova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Central Nervous System
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