The effect ofin vivo stimulation on the cytology of neuromuscular junctions of locust flight muscles

1990 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Pocock ◽  
M. P. Osborne ◽  
R. A. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Neuromuscular Junctions ◽  
Locust Flight ◽  
Flight Muscles

scholarly journals Misregulation of Drosophila Sidestep Leads to Uncontrolled Wiring of the Adult Neuromuscular System and Severe Locomotion Defects

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaqueline C. Kinold ◽  
Marcel Brenner ◽  
Hermann Aberle
Keyword(s):  
Neuromuscular Junctions ◽  
Axonal Growth ◽  
Neuromuscular System ◽  
Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Flight Muscles ◽  
Reduced Density

Holometabolic organisms undergo extensive remodelling of their neuromuscular system during metamorphosis. Relatively, little is known whether or not the embryonic guidance of molecules and axonal growth mechanisms are re-activated for the innervation of a very different set of adult muscles. Here, we show that the axonal attractant Sidestep (Side) is re-expressed during Drosophila metamorphosis and is indispensable for neuromuscular wiring. Mutations in side cause severe innervation defects in all legs. Neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) show a reduced density or are completely absent at multi-fibre muscles. Misinnervation strongly impedes, but does not completely abolish motor behaviours, including walking, flying, or grooming. Overexpression of Side in developing muscles induces similar innervation defects; for example, at indirect flight muscles, it causes flightlessness. Since muscle-specific overexpression of Side is unlikely to affect the central circuits, the resulting phenotypes seem to correlate with faulty muscle wiring. We further show that mutations in beaten path Ia (beat), a receptor for Side, results in similar weaker adult innervation and locomotion phenotypes, indicating that embryonic guidance pathways seem to be reactivated during metamorphosis.

The development of indirect flight muscle innervation in Drosophila melanogaster

Development ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fernandes ◽  
K. VijayRaghavan
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Development ◽  
Flight Muscle ◽  
Neuromuscular Junctions ◽  
Indirect Flight Muscle ◽  
Larval Life ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Muscle Innervation ◽  
Flight Muscles ◽  
Nerve Muscle ◽  
Longitudinal Muscles

We have examined the development of innervation to the indirect flight muscles of Drosophila. During metamorphosis, the larval intersegmental nerve of the mesothorax is remodelled to innervate the dorsal longitudinal muscles and two of the dorsoventral muscles. Another modified larval nerve innervates the remaining dorsoventral muscle. The dorsal longitudinal muscles develop using modified larval muscles as templates while dorsoventral muscles develop without the use of such templates. The development of innervation to the two groups of indirect flight muscles differs in spatial and temporal patterns, which may reflect the different ways in which these muscles develop. The identification of myoblasts associated with thoracic nerves during larval life and the association of migrating myoblasts with nerves during metamorphosis indicate the existence of nerve-muscle interactions during indirect flight muscle development. In addition, the developing pattern of axonal branching suggests a role for the target muscles in respecifying neuromuscular junctions during metamorphosis.

Interaction of Lipophorin with the Plasma Membrane of Locust Flight Muscles

1990 ◽  
Vol 371 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rik VAN ANTWERPEN ◽  
Jules BEEKWILDER ◽  
Miranda C. VAN HEUSDEN ◽  
Dick J. VAN DER HORST ◽  
Ad M. Th. BEENAKKERS
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Locust Flight ◽  
Flight Muscles

Mitochondrial respiration in locust flight muscles

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul K. Suarez ◽  
Christopher D. Moyes
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Respiration ◽  
Locust Flight ◽  
Flight Muscles

Motor Neurone Coupling in Locust Flight

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-404
Author(s):  
JOAN JOHNSTON KENDIG
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Input ◽  
Motor Neurone ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Impulse Frequency ◽  
Locust Flight ◽  
Motor Neurones ◽  
Flight Muscles ◽  
Inhibitory Interactions

1. Techniques are described for recording in locust thoracic ganglia from single units identifiable as the motor neurones of specific flight muscles. 2. There are at least two kinds of excitatory interactions among flight-muscle motor neurones. A spike in one motor neurone may be electrically transmitted to another with little delay but much attenuation. Stimulation of a group of motor neurones produces a second, probably chemically transmitted, potential with a latency of 5-6 msec. 3. No short-term inhibitory interactions between motor neurones were observed. 4. Activity in one motor unit of the flight system has long-term effects on the motor neurones of other units, excitatory in some cases and inhibitory in others. 5. Single impulses in sensory neurones have little effect on motor neurones; sustained sensory input to a motor neurone produces a slow depolarization and increase in impulse frequency. 6. Antidromic impulses in one group of motor neurones can entrain orthodromic impulses in another motor neurone. 7. These data are discussed with reference to the hypothesis that the pattern of locust flight--rhythmic synchronous bursts of synergist activity, strict alternation between antagonists--can be produced by motor neurone interactions alone.

The innervation of toad lymph hearts: An ultrastructural study

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 898-899
Author(s):  
A.M. Pucci ◽  
C. Fruschelli ◽  
A. Rebuffat ◽  
M. Guarna ◽  
C. Alessandrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Neuromuscular Junctions ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Lymph Heart ◽  
Muscular Pump ◽  
Structure And Ultrastructure ◽  
Heart Wall

Amphibians have paired muscular pump organs, called “lymph heart”, which rhythmically pump back the lymph from the large subcutaneous lymph sacs into the veins. The structure and ultrastructure of these organs is well known but to date there is a lack of information about the innervation of lymph hearts. Therefore has been carried out an ultrastructural study in order to study the distribution of the nerve fibers, and the morphology of the neuromuscular junctions in the lymph heart wall.

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