Methyl gallate, methyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate, is a potent and highly specific inhibitor of herpes simplex virus in vitro. II. Antiviral activity of methyl gallate and its derivatives

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia J. M. Kane ◽  
Jay H. Menna ◽  
Ching-Ching Sung ◽  
Yun-Chi Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Herpes Viruses ◽  
Methyl Gallate ◽  
Plaque Reduction Assay ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Simplex Virus

Methyl gallate (MG), methyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate, was highly active against herpes viruses as determined by plaque reduction assay. Herper simplex virus type 2, MS strain, was sensitive to MG at a mean 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.224 μg/ml in monkey kidney cells. MG was specific for herpes viruses with the relative sensitivity HSV-2>HSV-1>CMV. Two RNA viruses tested were significantly less sensitive to MG. The structural components of MG which modulate the anti-herpetic activity were identified by analysis of chemical analogues. Our structural analyses indicated that three hydroxyl groups were required but were not sufficient for the anti-herpetic action of MG. The presence and chain length of the alkyl ester were also important to the anti-herpetic activity of MG. Methyl gallate may interact with virus proteins and alter the adsorption and penetration of the virion.

Methyl gallate, methyl-3,4,5-trihydroxy-benzoate, is a potent and highly specific inhibitor of herpes simplex virus in vitro. I. Purification and characterization of methyl gallate from Sapium sebiferum

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia J. M. Kane ◽  
Jay H. Menna ◽  
Yun-Chi Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Sapium Sebiferum ◽  
Methyl Gallate ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Simplex Virus

A potent anti-herpetic compound was identified and purified to homogeneity from the leaves of Sapium sebiferum by plaque reduction assay using herpes simplex virus type 2. The chemical structure of the purified compound was determined by mass spectroscopy and proton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance as methyl gallate, methyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate. This is the first demonstration that methyl gallate is a potent anti-herpetic compound in vitro, present in high concentration in the leaves of S. sebiferum, a Chinese folk medicine for shingles.

The effect of prostaglandins on the multiplication and cell-to-cell spread of herpes simplex virus type 2 in vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Baker ◽  
Joanne Thomas ◽  
Judy Epstein ◽  
Dominic Possilico ◽  
Martin L. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Cell Spread

scholarly journals Transient Silencing of a Type IV P-Type ATPase,Atp10c, Results in Decreased Glucose Uptake in C2C12 Myotubes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Hurst ◽  
S. C. Minkin ◽  
J. Biggerstaff ◽  
M. S. Dhar
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
C2c12 Myotubes ◽  
Glucose Transporter 1 ◽  
Transfected Cells

Atp10cis a strong candidate gene for diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes. To identify molecular and cellular targets of ATP10C,Atp10cexpression was alteredin vitroin C2C12 skeletal muscle myotubes by transient transfection with anAtp10c-specific siRNA. Glucose uptake assays revealed that insulin stimulation caused a significant 2.54-fold decrease in 2-deoxyglucose uptake in transfected cells coupled with a significant upregulation of native mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), p38, and p44/42. Additionally, glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1) was significantly upregulated; no changes in glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) expression were observed. The involvement of MAPKs was confirmed using the specific inhibitor SB203580, which downregulated the expression of native and phosphorylated MAPK proteins in transfected cells without any changes in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Results indicate thatAtp10cregulates glucose metabolism, at least in part via the MAPK pathway, and, thus, plays a significant role in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

Some 1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-5-phenylcytosines and -5-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-thiocytosine

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 2145-2149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Buděšínský ◽  
František Šmejkal ◽  
Miloš Buděšínský
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Amino Derivative ◽  
Nitro Derivative ◽  
Trimethylsilyl Derivatives ◽  
Simplex Virus

5-Phenylcytidine (XI), 5-(4-nitrophenyl)cytidine (XII) and 5-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-thiocytidine (XIII) were prepared from corresponding trimethylsilyl derivatives V-VII. Nitro derivative XII was converted to amino derivative XIV by catalytic reduction. Cytidines XI-XIV and the starting cytosines I-IV do not display any in vitro inhibitory effect against the influenza virus AWS, virus NDV, vaccinia, herpes simplex and WEE, or in vivo effect on mice infected with the herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) either.

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