Molecular velocity distribution in a shock front in gas mixtures

1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-292
Author(s):  
A. P. Genich ◽  
S. V. Kulikov ◽  
G. B. Manelis ◽  
S. L. Chereshnev
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Shock Front ◽  
Gas Mixtures ◽  
Molecular Velocity

A NOTE ON THE VALIDITY OF THE GIBBS-DALTON LAW AS APPLIED TO DILUTE MIXTURES OF WATER VAPOR WITH HYDROGEN, HELIUM, AND ARGON AT ROOM TEMPERATURES

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 993-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Flood
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Gas Mixtures ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Hydrogen Water ◽  
Thermodynamic Potentials ◽  
Velocity Distribution Functions

Water vapor at room temperature and at pressures in the neighborhood of 10 mm. Hg behaves as a vacuum to each of the three gases hydrogen, helium, and argon, at pressures up to about 100 mm. Hg. The thermodynamic potentials of constituent gases in such mixtures of water vapor and hydrogen, water vapor and helium, etc. probably do not differ from those of the pure components, at equal volume concentrations, by more than 0.3%. Thus these gas mixtures obey the Gibbs–Dalton Law very closely and accordingly must also obey Dalton's Law. Velocity distribution functions of these gases under our experimental conditions are essentially Maxwellian.

scholarly journals Dalton’s and Amagat’s laws fail in gas mixtures with shock propagation

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. eaax4749
Author(s):  
P. Wayne ◽  
S. Cooper ◽  
D. Simons ◽  
I. Trueba-Monje ◽  
D. Freelong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Front ◽  
Sulfur Hexafluoride ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Gas Mixtures ◽  
Shock Propagation ◽  
Kinetic Molecular Theory ◽  
Partial Pressures ◽  
Partial Volumes ◽  
Post Shock ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

A shock propagating through a gas mixture leads to pressure, temperature, and density increases across the shock front. Rankine-Hugoniot relations correlating pre- and post-shock quantities describe a calorically perfect gas but deliver a good approximation for real gases, provided the pre-shock conditions are well characterized with a thermodynamic mixing model. Two classic thermodynamic models of gas mixtures are Dalton’s law of partial pressures and Amagat’s law of partial volumes. We measure post-shock temperature and pressure in experiments with nonreacting binary mixtures of sulfur hexafluoride and helium (two dramatically disparate gases) and show that neither model can accurately predict the observed values, on time scales much longer than that of the shock front passage, due to the models’ implicit assumptions about mixture behavior on the molecular level. However, kinetic molecular theory can help account for the discrepancy. Our results provide starting points for future theoretical work, experiments, and code validation.

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