The activity of neutral ribonucleases in nuclei of rat sympathetic ganglia and effects of nerve injury

1987 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Bates ◽  
Geoffrey M. Day ◽  
Lawrence Austin
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Sympathetic Ganglia

Retinoic Acid as a Regulator of Cytokine Signaling after Nerve Injury

2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 163-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Mey
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Sympathetic Ganglia ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Cell Degeneration

Abstract After an injury of the central nervous system it is of foremost clinical concern to prevent nerve cell degeneration and to develop strategies for the support of axonal regeneration. This requires an understanding of traumatic processes in the nervous system and their regulation by intercellular cytokine signaling. Although injury-induced temporal changes in gene expression of many cytokines have been described in this context, much less is known about their regulation. This review proposes a role of retinoic acid (RA) as transcriptional regulator in nerve regeneration. Four lines of evidence support this hypothesis: (1) In various cell culture systems retinoids were found to interact with most cytokine signals that mediate cellular interactions after nerve lesions in vivo. (2) Necessary components of the retinoid signaling pathway (aldehyde dehydrogenases, nuclear RA-receptors, cellular RA-binding proteins) are present in the adult nervous system, and glial cells produce RA in vitro. In addition, recent observations indicate that RA-synthesizing enzyme activity increases after nerve injury. (3) During development endogenous RA promotes glial and neuronal differentiation including the outgrowth of axons in the developing spinal cord, cerebellum, dorsal root ganglia and sympathetic ganglia. (4) Axonal regeneration of differentiated retinal ganglion cells and peripheral sensory neurons is enhanced by RA in vitro.

Unusual Intranuclear Structures in Chick Sympathetic Neurons

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
E. B. Masurovsky ◽  
H. H. Benitez ◽  
M. R. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Sympathetic Neurons ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Sympathetic Ganglia ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Cns Neurons ◽  
Mammalian Cns

Recent light- and electron microscope studies concerned with the effects of D2O on the development of chick sympathetic ganglia in long-term, organized culture revealed the presence of rod-like fibrillar formations, and associated granulofibrillar bodies, in the nuclei of control and deuterated neurons. Similar fibrillar formations have been reported in the nuclei of certain mammalian CNS neurons; however, related granulofibrillar bodies have not been previously described. Both kinds of intranuclear structures are observed in cultures fixed either in veronal acetate-buffered 2%OsO4 (pH 7. 4), or in 3.5% glutaraldehyde followed by post-osmication. Thin sections from such Epon-embedded cultures were stained with ethanolic uranyl acetate and basic lead citrate for viewing in the electron microscope.

672: Regulation of Cavernous Nerve Injury-Induced Apoptosis by Sonic Hedgehog

2007 ◽  
Vol 177 (4S) ◽  
pp. 225-225
Author(s):  
Carol A. Podlasek ◽  
Yi Tang ◽  
Cynthia L. Meraz ◽  
Kevin E. McKenna ◽  
Kevin T. McVary
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Sonic Hedgehog ◽  
Cavernous Nerve ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Cavernous Nerve Injury

V1341: The Rat Model of Cavernous Nerve Injury: Practical Aspects

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 364-365
Author(s):  
John F. Donohue ◽  
Michael Mullerad ◽  
Philip S. Li ◽  
Peter T. Scardino ◽  
John P. Mulhall
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Cavernous Nerve ◽  
Cavernous Nerve Injury

Management of Cranial Nerve Injury Following Surgery of the Skull Base

1984 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Thayer Sataloff ◽  
Donald L. Myers ◽  
Frederic B. Krenter
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Injury
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