Urine fractions that release flehmen in black-tailed deer,Odocoileus hemionus columbianus

1984 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Crump ◽  
Andrew A. Swigar ◽  
Janet R. West ◽  
Robert M. Silverstein ◽  
Dietland M�ller-Schwarze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus Columbianus

Isolation of a Poxvirus from a Black-tailed Deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus)

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Patton ◽  
R. W. Nordhausen ◽  
L. W. Woods ◽  
N. J. MacLachlan
Keyword(s):  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus Columbianus

Black-tailed deer feeding bouts: dynamic events

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1353-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Gillingham ◽  
Fred L. Bunnell
Keyword(s):  
Food Preference ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Diet Selection ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus Columbianus ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Dynamic Events ◽  
Feeding Station ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Preferred Foods ◽  
First Time

Foraging bouts of captive black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus Richardson) were investigated to examine how searching for food affects diet selection. We determined food preference for three types of food under ad libitum conditions and then studied the foraging of two deer in a 0.5-ha, vegetation-free pen in which we controlled food availability and distribution of the same three types of food. Our hypotheses included the following: (i) clumping of preferred food into patches would enable animals to better exploit food distributions; (ii) the switch from preferred to lower-ranked food would be gradual as preferred food was less frequently encountered; and (iii) deer would respond to a lower abundance of preferred foods by eating more of lower-ranked food items at each feeding location. Searching for food alone did not alter diet selection from ad libitum conditions. Deer nearly exhausted their highly preferred food item before switching to lower-ranked ones. Amount of preferred food already eaten during a trial was positively correlated with the time that animals continued searching before switching to lower-ranked food items. Switching was related to amount and type of food encountered and not to amount of food in the pen. Clumping of the preferred food had no significant effect on the amount of food eaten, but did significantly influence types of food encountered by one deer. When preferred food was abundant, it was not always completely eaten the first time a feeding platform was visited. Increases in the intake rates of nonpreferred food items resulted from deer visiting more feeding stations containing nonpreferred food items and not from deer eating more food at each feeding station.

Sarcocystis mehlhorni, n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) from the black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (12) ◽  
pp. 4397-4403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Calero-Bernal ◽  
Shiv K. Verma ◽  
Camila K. Cerqueira-Cézar ◽  
Laurence M. Schafer ◽  
Erna Van Wilpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus Columbianus

Equations for Estimating Browse Biomass of Red Huckleberry, Western Red-Cedar, and Deer Fern by Vertical Profile

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Smith ◽  
Alan McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus Columbianus ◽  
Height Profile ◽  
Winter Range ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Blechnum Spicant ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Western Red Cedar

Abstract Edible biomass estimating regression equations were developed for red huckleberry (Vaccinium parvifolium), understory western red-cedar (Thuja plicata) and deer fern (Blechnum spicant) growing in potential second-growth Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) winter range on Vancouver Island, B.C. Vertical edible biomass height profile equations were also developed for red huckleberry and western red-cedar. These models may be used to objectively and conveniently help assess the amount of forage available to deer during severe winters. West. J. Appl. For. 7(2):48-50.

EXPERIMENTAL DEERPOX INFECTION IN BLACK-TAILED DEER (ODOCOILEUS HEMIONUS COLUMBIANUS)

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob J. Bildfell ◽  
Kimberly A. Thompson ◽  
Megan Moerdyk-Schauwecker ◽  
Ling Jin ◽  
Peregrine L. Wolff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus Columbianus

Seasonal variation in the feeding ecology of pumas (Puma concolor) in northern California

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Allen ◽  
L.M. Elbroch ◽  
D.S. Casady ◽  
H.U. Wittmer
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Ecology ◽  
Ursus Americanus ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Black Bear ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus Columbianus ◽  
Gps Collars ◽  
Prey System

Direct effects of predators depend upon factors that can vary across seasons, including variations in the abundance and vulnerability of migrating prey. Past studies show conflicting results of whether puma (Puma concolor (L., 1771)) feeding ecology varies among seasons. We employed GPS collars to study puma feeding ecology in a single-prey system with migratory black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus (Richardson, 1829)). We hypothesized that puma feeding ecology would vary based on changes in prey abundance and spatial distribution, as well as competition with scavengers and decomposers. Our results supported these hypotheses. Kill rates in number of ungulates/week were significantly higher in summer and autumn than in winter, likely owing to the increased availability and density of black-tailed deer fawns. The handling times of black-tailed deer ≥1 year old were significantly higher in winter than in spring, summer, or autumn. We speculated that reduced handling time in summer may have been influenced by black bear (Ursus americanus Pallas, 1780) kleptoparasitism and the decomposition of kills. Pumas killed black-tailed deer at higher elevations in summer than in winter, spring, or autumn, and the elevations correlated significantly with seasonal elevations used by black-tailed deer, suggesting that pumas exhibited seasonal foraging behaviours and tracked prey availability in a system with migrating prey.

EFFECT OF AGE AND PLANE OF NUTRITION ON THE BLOOD CHEMISTRY OF THE COLUMBIAN BLACK-TAILED DEER (ODOCOILEUS HEMIONUS COLUMBIANUS): A. PACKED-CELL VOLUME, SEDIMENTATION RATE, AND HEMOGLOBIN

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Kitts ◽  
P. J. Bandy ◽  
A. J. Wood ◽  
I. McT. Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus Columbianus ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Effect Of Age

A study has been made of the normal chemistry of the blood constituents of the Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) in relation to growth and the caloric plane of nutrition. The results showed a significant difference of packed-cell volume and hemoglobin level between the two age groups of experimental animals, while no significant differences were found in the sedimentation rates. The high and low imposed planes of nutrition did not bring about a significant difference in packed-cell volume, sedimentation rate, or hemoglobin value.

scholarly journals Antler and Body Size in Black-Tailed Deer: An Analysis of Cohort Effects

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna C. Thalmann ◽  
R. Terry Bowyer ◽  
Ken A. Aho ◽  
Floyd W. Weckerly ◽  
Dale R. McCullough
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cohort Effects ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus Columbianus ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Large Herbivores ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Antler Size

For long-lived species, environmental factors experienced early in life can have lasting effects persisting into adulthood. Large herbivores can be susceptible to cohort-wide declines in fitness as a result of decreases in forage availability, because of extrinsic factors, including extreme climate or high population densities. To examine effects of cohort-specific extrinsic factors on size of adults, we performed a retrospective analysis on harvest data of 450 male black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) over 19 years in central California, USA. We determined that population density of females had a more dominant effect than did precipitation on body size of males. Harvest of female deer resulted in increases in the overall size of males, even though a 6-year drought occurred during that treatment period. Body size was most influenced by female population density early in life, while antler size was highly affected by both weather early in life and the year directly before harvest. This study provides insights that improve our understanding of the role of cohort effects in body and antler size by cervids; and, in particular, that reduction in female population density can have a profound effect on the body and antler size of male deer.

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