Genetic variation in the diatomFragilaria capucina (Fragilariaceae) along a latitudinal gradient across North America

1997 ◽  
Vol 204 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond J. Lewis ◽  
Susan I. Jensen ◽  
Dean M. DeNicola ◽  
Virginia I. Miller ◽  
Kyle D. Hoagland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
North America ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient

scholarly journals Genetic studies revealed differences between European and North American populations of Calypogeia azurea

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Buczkowska ◽  
Alina Bączkiewicz ◽  
Patrycja Gonera
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
North America ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Oil Bodies ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Nei's Genetic Distance

Abstract Calypogeia azurea, a widespread, subboreal-montane liverwort species, is one of a few representatives of the Calypogeia genus that are characterized by the occurrence of blue oil bodies. The aim of the study was to investigate the genetic variation and population structure of C. azurea originating from different parts of its distribution range (Europe and North America). Plants of C. azurea were compared with C. peruviana, another Calypogeia species with blue oil bodies. In general, 339 gametophytes from 15 populations of C. azurea were examined. Total gene diversity (HT) estimated on the basis of nine isozyme loci of C. azurea at the species level was 0.201. The mean Nei’s genetic distance between European populations was equal to 0.083, whereas the mean genetic distance between populations originating from Europe and North America was 0.413. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 69% of C. azurea genetic variation was distributed among regions (Europe and North America), 15% - among populations within regions, and 16% - within populations. Our study revealed that C. azurea showed genetic diversity within its geographic distribution. All examined samples classified as C. azurea differed in respect of isozyme patterns from C. peruviana.

Knotweed Management Strategies in North America with the Advent of Widespread Hybrid Bohemian Knotweed, Regional Differences, and the Potential for Biocontrol Via the Psyllid Aphalara itadori Shinji

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Clements ◽  
Todd Larsen ◽  
Jennifer Grenz
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
The North ◽  
Variable Nature ◽  
Available Resources

AbstractInvasive species with distributions that encompass much of the North American environment often demand a range of management approaches, for several key reasons. Firstly, the North American environment includes a large number of highly variable habitats in terms of climatic, edaphic, and landscape features. Secondly, these regional habitat differences are accentuated by jurisdictions within Canada and the United States, whereby approaches and available resources differ at local, regional, and national scales. Another important consideration is whether an invasive species or complex also possesses genetic variation. All three of these factors render the knotweed complex in North America a highly variable target for management. In this paper we review existing knowledge of the variable nature of knotweed species (Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decr., Fallopia sachalinensis (F. Schmidt ex Maxim) Ronse Decr., and Fallopia × bohemica, (Chrtek and Chrtková) J. P. Bailey in North America, and evaluate how herbicidal, mechanical and biological control measures must account for this genetic variation, as well as accounting for regional differences and the potential northward expansion of knotweed under climate change. The imminent release of the psyllid, Aphalara itadori Shinji as a biological control agent in North America must also navigate regional and genetic differences. Prior European experience dealing with the three knotweed species should prove useful, but additional research is needed to meet the emerging challenge posed by F. × bohemica in North America, including the possibility of glyphosate resistance. Managers also face challenges associated with posttreatment restoration measures. Furthermore, disparities in resources available to address knotweed management across the continent need to be addressed to contain the rapid spread of this highly persistent and adaptable species. Linking practitioners dealing with knotweed “on the ground” with academic research is a crucial step in the process of marshalling all available resources to reduce the rapidly spreading populations of knotweed.

Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) in North America with special reference to its role in British forestry

1987 ◽  
Vol 93 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Roche ◽  
P. G. Haddock
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
North America ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Natural Distribution ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands ◽  
Genetic Potential

SynopsisThe natural distribution of Sitka spruce is examined in relation to the species' role in British forestry. Particular attention is therefore given to a description of habitats on the Queen Charlotte Islands, and also on the adjacent mainland of British Columbia where Sitka spruce is sympatric with white spruce (Picea glauca) and hybridisation occurs. Examples of genetic variation are given and it is suggested that a knowledge of the genecologv of the species in its natural habitat would help to elucidate its full ecological and genetic potential in Britain.

GENETIC VARIATION IN APHANIZOMENON (CYANOBACTERIA) COLONIES FROM THE BALTIC SEA AND NORTH AMERICA

2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 947-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L. A. Barker ◽  
Allan Konopka ◽  
Barbara A. Handley ◽  
Paul K. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
North America ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic

Wild proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) is genetically variable and distinct from crop varieties of proso millet

Weed Science ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph C. Colosi ◽  
Barbara A. Schaal
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
North America ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Multiple Introductions ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Two Hybrid

Proso millet occurs both as a crop and a weed in North America. In 1970, an olive-black seeded biotype called ‘wild proso millet’ was found as an aggressive weed in row crops in Minnesota and Wisconsin and has since spread over a large area. We used Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) to assess genetic relationships among biotypes, measure genetic variation within wild proso millet across its range, and detect hybridization between wild proso millet and crop biotypes of proso millet. We found 97 RAPD genotypes among 398 individuals: 69 wild proso millet genotypes, 26 crop and crop-like weed genotypes, and two hybrid genotypes. Five RAPD markers consistently differentiated wild proso millet from crop cultivars and crop-like weeds. About 10% of the genotypes had at least one marker of the other type, suggesting possible hybridization between wild proso millet and crop biotypes. Most genotypes occurred in only one or two of the over 100 populations tested. The most widespread wild proso millet genotype occurred in 12 populations distributed in North Dakota, Minnesota, Illinois, and Wisconsin. More genetic variation exists among populations of wild proso millet than expected for a plant that presumably experienced a severe genetic bottleneck only 20 generations ago. Hypermutation rates and crossing between wild proso millet and crop cultivars could not account for the degree of genetic variation found in wild proso millet. The pattern of genetic variation among wild proso millet populations suggests multiple introductions of wild proso millet to North America.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document