On the role of the functional group in determining the strength of hydrophobic interactions in aqueous solutions of ?-amino acid derivatives

1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 971-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Castronuovo ◽  
Vittorio Elia ◽  
Filomena Velleca
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Hydrophobic Interactions ◽  
Amino Acid Derivatives

The Functional Significance of Endocrine-immune Interactions in Health and Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-65
Author(s):  
Sridhar Muthusami ◽  
Balasubramanian Vidya ◽  
Esaki M Shankar ◽  
Jamuna Vadivelu ◽  
Ilangovan Ramachandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Amino Acid Derivatives ◽  
Endocrine Glands ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
Health And Disease

Hormones are known to influence various body systems that include skeletal, cardiac, digestive, excretory, and immune systems. Emerging investigations suggest the key role played by secretions of endocrine glands in immune cell differentiation, proliferation, activation, and memory attributes of the immune system. The link between steroid hormones such as glucocorticoids and inflammation is widely known. However, the role of peptide hormones and amino acid derivatives such as growth and thyroid hormones, prolactin, dopamine, and thymopoietin in regulating the functioning of the immune system remains unclear. Here, we reviewed the findings pertinent to the functional role of hormone-immune interactions in health and disease and proposed perspective directions for translational research in the field.

Role of the functional group in the formation of the complexes between α-cyclodextrin and alkanols or monocarboxylic acids in aqueous solutions. A calorimetric study at 25 °C

1998 ◽  
Vol 306 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 147-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Castronuovo ◽  
Vittorio Elia ◽  
Marcella Niccoli ◽  
Filomena Velleca ◽  
Giuseppe Viscardi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Calorimetric Study ◽  
Monocarboxylic Acids

scholarly journals New Precursors to 3-Sulfanylhexan-1-ol? Investigating the Keto–Enol Tautomerism of 3-S-Glutathionylhexanal

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4261
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. Muhl ◽  
Lisa I. Pilkington ◽  
Rebecca C. Deed
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Enol Form ◽  
Keto Form ◽  
White Wines ◽  
Sauvignon Blanc ◽  
Thiol Compound ◽  
Volatile Precursors ◽  
First Time

The volatile thiol compound 3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol (3SH) is a key impact odorant of white wines such as Sauvignon Blanc. 3SH is produced during fermentation by metabolism of non-volatile precursors such as 3-S-gluthathionylhexanal (glut-3SH-al). The biogenesis of 3SH is not fully understood, and the role of glut-3SH-al in this pathway is yet to be elucidated. The aldehyde functional group of glut-3SH-al is known to make this compound more reactive than other precursors to 3SH, and we are reporting for the first time that glut-3SH-al can exist in both keto and enol forms in aqueous solutions. At wine typical pH (~3.5), glut-3SH-al exists predominantly as the enol form. The dominance of the enol form over the keto form has implications in terms of potential consumption/conversion of glut-3SH-al by previously unidentified pathways. Therefore, this work will aid in the further elucidation of the role of glut-3SH-al towards 3SH formation in wine, with significant implications for the study and analysis of analogous compounds.

scholarly journals Contiguously-hydrophobic sequences are functionally significant throughout the human exome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchi Lohia ◽  
Matthew E.B. Hansen ◽  
Grace Brannigan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Hydrophobic Interactions ◽  
Hydrophobic Effect ◽  
Disease Association ◽  
Hydrophobic Domain ◽  
Functional Impact ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

AbstractHydrophobic interactions have long been established as essential to stabilizing structured proteins as well as drivers of aggregation, but the impact of hydrophobicity on the functional significance of sequence variants has rarely been considered in a genome-wide context. Here we test the role of hydrophobicity on functional impact using a set of 70,000 disease and non-disease associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), using enrichment of disease-association as an indicator of functionality. We find that functional impact is uncorrelated with hydrophobicity of the SNP itself, and only weakly correlated with the average local hydrophobicity, but is strongly correlated with both the size and minimum hydrophobicity of the contiguous hydrophobic domain that contains the SNP. Disease-association is found to vary by more than 6-fold as a function of contiguous hydrophobicity parameters, suggesting utility as a prior for identifying causal variation. We further find signatures of differential selective constraint on domain hydrophobicity, and that SNPs splitting a long hydrophobic region or joining two short regions of contiguous hydrophobicity are particularly likely to be disease-associated. Trends are preserved for both aggregating and non-aggregating proteins, indicating that the role of contiguous hydrophobicity extends well beyond aggregation risk.Statement of SignificanceProteins rely on the hydrophobic effect to maintain structure and interactions with the environment. Surprisingly, no signs that amino acid hydrophobicity influences natural selection have been detected using modern genetic data. This may be because analyses that treat each amino acid separately do not reveal significant results, which we confirm here. However, because the hydrophobic effect becomes more powerful as more hydrophobic molecules are introduced, we tested whether unbroken stretches of hydrophobic amino acids are under selection. Using genetic variant data from across the human genome, we found evidence that selection pressure increases continually with the length of the unbroken hydrophobic sequence. These results could lead to improvements in a wide range of genomic tools as well as insights into disease and protein evolutionary history.

Ratiometric fluorescence chemosensor based on tyrosine derivatives for monitoring mercury ions in aqueous solutions

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (36) ◽  
pp. 7100-7109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ponnaboina Thirupathi ◽  
Ponnaboina Saritha (née Gudelli) ◽  
Keun-Hyeung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Amino Acid Derivatives ◽  
Fluorescent Chemosensors ◽  
Mercury Ions ◽  
Ratiometric Fluorescence ◽  
Tyrosine Derivatives

Ratiometric fluorescent chemosensors1and2were synthesized based on tyrosine amino acid derivatives with a pyrene fluorophore.

Turn-on Fluorescent Chemosensor Based on an Amino Acid for Pb(II) and Hg(II) Ions in Aqueous Solutions and Role of Tryptophan for Sensing

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lok Nath Neupane ◽  
Joo-Young Park ◽  
Ju Hun Park ◽  
Keun-Hyeung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Fluorescent Chemosensor ◽  
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